The invention belongs to the field of macromolecular photoelectronic materials, and discloses a main chain donor-
side chain receptor type conjugated
polymer and a preparation method thereof as well asapplication to a single-component organic
solar battery. The structure of the conjugated
polymer is as follows: as shown in the specification, wherein n is a positive integer less than or equal to 1,000,000, a is a positive integer from 3 to 40, R is methyl, methoxyl,
nitrile group or a
fluorine atom, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are the same or different
alkyl chains, and A is an
electron-deficient conjugated
unit structure which is at least one of diazosulfide and a derivative thereof, benzotriazolimide and a derivative thereof,
naphthalene dithiadiazole and a derivative thereof, and naphthylene ditrizole and a derivative thereof. A main chain of the conjugated
polymer disclosed by the invention is of a P-type conjugated structure, and
narrow band gap light absorption type n-type small molecules are introduced into a
side chain; the main chain donor-
side chain receptor type conjugated polymer is applied to the single-component organic
solar battery, and
no donors and no receptors are needed; separation of a nano phase of an
active layer of a battery instrument can be effectively enhanced by adjusting the length of an
alkyl chain on the side chain, and the instrument efficiency is improved.