The invention discloses a visual measurement device for underground water level under negative pressure conditions, which includes a permeable pipe, a floating block, a pulley, a high-definition camera with a light source, a wire, a fixed wire interface, an indicator needle, a top cover, a bottom cover, and external display equipment. , Geotechnical filter cloth. The invention also discloses the measurement method of the device. The floating block drives the high-definition camera with the light source to change freely up and down with the floating of the groundwater level. When measuring each time, the external display equipment located outside the permeable pipe passes through the wire and the high-definition camera. The camera is connected to shoot the scale position pointed by the indicator needle in the pipe, so as to obtain the groundwater level under the negative pressure condition. The invention can accurately measure the real groundwater level under the negative pressure condition, avoids the error of traditional open measurement, and has simple structure, easy manufacture, low cost, convenient use and wide application prospect.