The invention discloses a finite element simulation-based wheel-track contact cyclic loading-unloading simulation analysis method. The method comprises the following main steps of (a) building a uniaxial tension and compression axial symmetric model by utilizing finite element software ABAQUS; (b) performing uniaxial tension and compression cyclic test simulation, and according to an indoor test result and a Chaboche model, performing correction on a nonlinear hardening parameter of a material; (c) building a wheel-track contact model, and setting material parameters and contact parameters; (d) decomposing a single-time cycle into three stages including a loading stage, a stable rolling stage and an unloading stage, and setting a loading condition, a constraint condition, a contact condition and a boundary condition; and (e) by utilizing a restart mechanism, importing a previous calculation result, performing wheel track contact loading-unloading simulation based on this, and storing an unloading stage result to serve as an initial condition of the next cycle. Based on a nonlinear finite element simulation method and a contact mechanic theory, cyclic loading and unloading behaviorsof wheel track fatigue, damage and the like can be subjected to simulation analysis.