The invention discloses a device and a method for testing linear reciprocating sliding friction and abrasion; the device consists of a
transducer, a
workbench, a sample table, a dragging frame, a
force sensor, a
changeover switch, a counter, a locking device, a guideway, a baffle, a cable wire, a
reducer, a
peak value stabilizer, a control part and an auxiliary component; the equipment can automatically complete the abrasion test of an arranged period and can manually complete the test to
friction coefficient. The testing method comprises the following steps of: leading the friction block and the sample to reciprocate to slide horizontally with
constant pressure, obtaining an abrasion
weight loss rate after abrading, keeping a certain
positive pressure and leading the sliding block to move from stillness to uniform movement, thus obtaining the maximum
static friction coefficient and the sliding
friction coefficient. The device and the method can realize uniformly linear and reciprocating relative sliding abrasion in long unidirectional journey, test the maximum
static friction coefficient between two bodies and the maximum
static friction coefficient, the speed, the load and the adjustable journey with other materials, and can be widely applied to the detection of various samples of different materials and different structural forms.