The invention discloses an ammonia-nitrogen wastewater resourceful treatment system and a treatment method of the ammonia-nitrogen wastewater resourceful treatment system. The ammonia-nitrogen wastewater resourceful treatment system comprises a water collection tank, a buffering tank, an adjusting kettle, a first buffering tank, an MVR evaporation system, an adjusting tank, an adsorption system, a second buffering tank and an ammonia-nitrogen removing system, which are connected in sequence, wherein each of the water collection tank, the buffering tank, the adjusting kettle, the first buffering tank, the MVR evaporation system, the adjusting tank, the adsorption system, the second buffering tank and the ammonia-nitrogen removing system is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The ammonia-nitrogen wastewater resourceful treatment system has the advantages of concise pre-treatment device, small occupied area, convenience for operation, sanitary working environment, good purification effect, no secondary pollution and small solid waste output, and can be used for efficiently recycling ammonia-nitrogen resources in wastewater in an ammonium salt form; output water of the system can be reused as reclaimed water.