The present invention provides a desktop type self-supply water heat exchanger performance test experiment device based on semiconductor heat pump, which utilizes semiconductor heat pump technology, has small volume, flexible control, and adapts to the requirements of desktop systems; realizes energy saving, especially when hot and cold water are supplied at the same time. Compensation, recovery of energy from cold and heat sources; circulating water supply, no need for upper and lower water, convenient and flexible experiments, not limited by the position of upper and lower water pipes; heat exchanger type expansion tank is adopted, bulky cold and hot water tanks are discarded, and the structure is compact, realizing hot and cold water The mixed cold and heat compensation heat exchange reduces the heat exchange load of the environment, and at the same time realizes water replenishment, constant pressure, and removal of system gas or excess water; the flow rate is independently adjusted and is not affected by other factors, and each test condition is easy to achieve; considering downstream and countercurrent test conditions and its influence on the thermodynamic efficiency of energy recovery to maximize energy recovery; use heat pipes for heat transport, flexible pipeline layout, long-distance transport, and negligible heat loss; the invention is flexible, convenient, and structurally Compact, water-saving, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving, it can realize the thermal performance and resistance characteristics testing of liquid-liquid heat exchangers, and is widely applicable to the experimental teaching and testing needs of heat exchangers.