The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic-coated steel wire rope winding, in particular to an adjustable winding device applied to a plastic-coated steel wire rope. According to the scheme, the adjustable winding device comprises a base and a winding roller, wherein supporting plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the outer wall of the top of the base respectively, and fixing plates are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the same sides of the two supporting plates respectively. By arranging a jacking hydraulic cylinder, a jacking rod, a lower shaft sleeve, an upper adjusting shaft sleeve and an extrusion spring, when the winding roller on the outer side of a rotating shaft is replaced, the jacking hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to drive the rotating shaft to be ejected out of an ejection hole, then the upper adjusting shaft sleeve is unfolded towards the outer side, the extrusion spring is compressed, then the winding roller is moved out of the rotating shaft, and the replacement of the winding roller is completed; and after replacement is completed, the rotating shaft falls into the position between the upper adjusting shaft sleeve and the lower shaft sleeve to be limited, and the jacking hydraulic cylinder drives the rotating shaft to return. Therefore, the replacement of the winding roller is rapidly completed, and the winding efficiency of the plastic-coated steel wire rope is improved.