176results about How to "Economical and efficient" patented technology

A method for the detection of analytes using resonant mass sensors or sensor arrays comprises frequency encoding each sensor element, acquiring a time-domain resonance signal from the sensor or sensor array as it is exposed to analyte, detecting change in the frequency or resonant properties of each sensor element using a Fourier transform or other spectral analysis method, and classifying, identifying, and / or quantifying analyte using an appropriate data analysis procedure. Frequency encoded sensors or sensor arrays comprise sensor elements with frequency domain resonance signals that can be uniquely identified under a defined range of operating conditions. Frequency encoding can be realized either by fabricating individual sensor elements with unique resonant frequencies or by tuning or modifying identical resonant devices to unique frequencies by adding or removing mass from individual sensor elements. The array of sensor elements comprises multiple resonant structures that may have identical or unique sensing layers. The sensing layers influence the sensor elements' response to analyte. Time-domain signal is acquired, typically in a single data acquisition channel, and typically using either (1) a pulsed excitation followed by acquisition of the free oscillatory decay of the entire array or (2) a rapid scan acquisition of signal from the entire array in a direct or heterodyne configuration. Spectrum analysis of the time domain data is typically accomplished with Fourier transform analysis. The methods and sensor arrays of the invention enable rapid and sensitive analyte detection, classification and / or identification of complex mixtures and unknown compounds, and quantification of known analytes, using sensor element design and signal detection hardware that are robust, simple and low cost.

A vehicle tracker may include a cellular transceiver at a vehicle for receiving an activation message from a cellular communications network. The activation message may include a common telephone number for a plurality of vehicle trackers and a unique identification number for the vehicle tracker. A vehicle position-determining device may be at the vehicle. A controller at the vehicle may cooperate with the cellular transceiver and the vehicle position-determining device to transmit vehicle location data if the unique identification number in the received activation message matches the unique identification number for the vehicle tracker. The vehicle tracker may be part of a vehicle tracking system in which a plurality of vehicles may each have a respective vehicle tracker. The vehicle tracking system may include a user operable device to generate the activation message.

An apparatus is disclosed for extruding cellulose fibers. The apparatus includes a first member, a second member and a third member all secured together. Multiple nozzles extend outward from the first member and each is designed to direct an aqueous cellulose solution therethrough. As the aqueous solution is extruded, it is accentuated and accelerated by pressurized gas flowing through the first member and the second member and out through first openings formed in the third member. The pressurized gas at least partially surrounds each nozzle and shelters the molten filaments extruded therefrom. The third member also has multiple second openings formed therethrough which are also connected to a source of pressurized gas. The pressurized gas streams exiting each of the second openings function to keep each of the molten filaments from contacting an adjacent molten filament.

A channel adapter includes a work queue entry table having entries configured for storing work queue entries awaiting respective acknowledgements. Each entry includes a work queue entry field for storing a corresponding work queue entry, and first and second link fields for respective linked lists. The channel adapter also includes a table manager configured for creating the linked lists, based on prescribed network conditions, for example for storage of a first list specifying a transmission order of the work queue entry fields and a second list specifying an acknowledgement order. Hence, the multiple link fields enable the work queue entry table to be shared for respective linked lists specifying respective attributes relative to the stored work queue entries.

A process for preparing sucrose-6-ester is provided, which comprises electrolyzing an electrolyte solution containing sucrose, an acylating reagent and a halide catalyst. Also disclosed is a process for preparing sucralose, which involves the preparation and chlorination of sucrose-6-ester followed by deacylation of the molecule. The process of the invention can be more readily performed with a higher yield than those in the art.

The present invention improves the orbital maneuvering and power generation capabilities of a system of a satellite(s) connected with a conducting tether(s) by spinning the system about its mass center at an angular rate which is relatively high compared to the average orbital rate. An improvement in tether performance is achieved because at many times during rotation the tether is positioned at much better angles with the magnetic field and significantly higher currents are driven through the tether without destabilizing the system. The current can flow either in the direction of the EMF induced in the tether, or in the reverse direction, depending on the tether orientation with respect to the magnetic field and the mission goals. The reverse current is driven by the onboard power sources. Spinning electrodynamic tether systems can also be lighter and simpler in design and more flexible in operation.

The invention provides compositions comprising bauxite refinery residues that have been reacted with sufficient calcium and magnesium ions that they have a reaction pH of less than 10.5, and one or more water treating additives. The invention also provides processes for treatment of water containing dissolved inorganic substances involving stepwise treatment of the water in which the reacted bauxite refinery residues are added after the addition of a pH-raising additive. The invention also provides processes for treatment of water containing dissolved inorganic substances in which the reacted bauxite refinery residues are added stepwise, with one or more water treating additives also being added in at least one of the steps. The invention also provides a process for the neutralisation of bauxite refinery residue by reacting it with a base amount and a treating amount of calcium ions and a base amount and a treating amount of magnesium ions for a time sufficient to produce an at least partially-neutralized residue exhibiting a reaction pH of less than 10.5.

An object of the present invention is to provide a process capable of producing a self-assembling peptide derivative that is useful in the fields of regenerative medicine and surgery in large quantities and in an economical and efficient manner. In particular, provided is a production process employing a combination of (i) a step of convergently constructing a sequence with use of a common repeating unit consisting of a specific amino acid sequence and (ii) a step of first isolating the peptide derivative as a disulfuric acid salt, a tetramethanesulfonic acid salt or a tetra(trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) salt), and then subjecting the peptide salt to a salt exchange reaction to yield a tetrahydrochloric acid salt.

A shutter is provided that utilizes a rack and pinion mechanism for tilting the louvers of the shutter. The rack and pinion mechanism preferably is hidden within the stiles of the shutter. In a preferred embodiment, the louvers of the shutter may be installed and removed without disassembling the assembled frame and rack and pinion mechanism.

A hybrid arched overfilled structure includes a combination of pre-cast side elements and at least one cast-in-place crown sector element. The side elements are pre-cast generally in a horizontal orientation and subsequently lifted into place. The crown sector element is cast in place between the side elements. In one form of the invention, each of the three sections makes up about one-third of the overall arch span.

The present invention relates to filamentous fungal host cells and particularly Trichoderma host cells useful for the production of heterologous granular starch hydrolyzing enzymes having glucoamylase activity (GSHE). Further the invention relates to a method for producing a glucose syrup comprising contacting a granular starch slurry obtained from a granular starch substrate simultaneously with an alpha amylase and a GSHE at a temperature equal to or below the gelatinization temperature of the granular starch to obtain a composition of a glucose syrup.

In an optical sheet 10 having a prism surface 16 formed by providing unit prisms 14 on the upper surface of a transparent base material 12, a coating layer 18 is provided on the reverse surface of the transparent base material opposite to the prism surface 16, spherical beads 20 are arranged projecting from the surface of the coating layer 18 by 1 to 10 mu m in height, and the coating layer 18 is brought into contact with the flat and smooth surface 22A of the light-transmissive material 22 through the spherical beads 20 which are put between them. The spherical beads are 1 mu m or less in half bandwidth of the distribution of particle diameters and are made uniform in height projecting from the coating layer 18.

By molding a plurality of vacuum valves (7), (13) having differing functions together with an input member (3) and an output member (21) en bloc in a resin layer (23) to form a switch gear (1), the present invention seeks to achieve dielectric strength without resorting to the use of SF6 gas, while rendering the whole device more compact and reducing both the number of parts and the man hours required for molding.

A blood treatment apparatus (1) comprising a degassing unit (15) receiving gas-containing fluid and supplying degassed fluid to a fluid chamber (3) of a blood treatment unit (2). The degassing unit has a gas separator (16), a degassing pump (18) to circulate fluid in a degassing line (12), a flow restrictor (17) for reducing the pressure in the degassing line (12), an absolute pressure sensor (19), and a control unit (20) designed to control the speed of said degassing pump from the absolute pressure signal emitted by the pressure sensor. The apparatus comprises a dialysis machine provided with a device for preparing on-line a dialysis liquid from water and concentrates. The apparatus achieves an accurate and reliable regulation of a desired concentration of gas in the dialysis liquid.

A fine-adjustment mechanism for making small adjustments to a cutting angle on a miter saw. The mechanism is used in conjunction with an apparatus that includes a base having at least one recess, and a turntable that supports a cutting tool is rotatably mounted to the base. An angular-adjustment lever is pivotally mounted to the turntable. The angular-adjustment lever includes a first insert proximal to the turntable. The first insert is capable of engaging at least one recess. The fine-adjustment mechanism is mounted to the turntable and includes a fine-adjustment lever pivotally mounted on the turntable. The fine-adjustment lever may include a plurality of notches. A second insert having an opening therethrough is supported by the fine-adjustment lever and adapted to engage at least one recess of the base. A threaded rod supported by the fine-adjustment lever extends through the opening in the second insert. A latch holder may be attached to the fine-adjustment lever. The latch holder contains a spring secured by a retainer plate and a latch having a plurality of protrusions capable of mating with the plurality of notches in the fine-adjustment lever.

A three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter for grid-interactive renewable energy source system applications. The three-phase topology is suitable for residential power requirements. The control of the backup battery system and the renewable energy source system are naturally decoupled. In addition, the port interface with the renewable energy is current type, which can implement maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and soft switching under wide variations in the renewable energy source terminal voltage.

Each network node in a network is configured for calculating a directed acylic graph that provides at least one path from all the other network nodes toward the one network node. The network node performs a modified shortest path first calculation by identifying next-hop nodes adjacent to the network node, and orienting the link of each next-hop node toward itself (i.e., the origin). The network node also identifies secondary adjacent nodes, adjacent to each of the next hop nodes, and extends paths from next-hop nodes to the associated secondary adjacent nodes while orienting each of the links of the path between adjacent nodes and next-hop nodes toward the next hop nodes. The paths of the nodes form a directed acyclic graph from any other network node toward the origin, enabling distribution of the directed acyclic graph to the other network nodes for optimized reachability to the network node.

A mounting apparatus for remotely adjusting the tilt and heading of cell antennas. Antenna tilt is provided by the cooperation of a hinged lower tilt bracket and an upper tilt bracket connected to the antenna by links. The upper tilt bracket is mounted to a vertically translating dust cover. Vertical motion of the dust cover is translated to tilting motion of the antenna by the links. Heading adjustment may be provided uniformly to entire sectors of antennas using a Pitman arm arrangement, or may be provided to each cell antenna individually using a helix heading adjustment apparatus.

One embodiment relates to an automated method of detecting transmission control protocol (TCP) anomalies. A TCP connection is selected to be monitored. Packets communicated for the TCP connection are scanned in chronological order of packet communication times. A signature is created for the connection based on the scanned packets, and said signature is characterized to detect anomalous behavior of the TCP connection being monitored. Other embodiments, aspects and features are also disclosed.

A continuous flow reactor for the efficient synthesis of nanoparticles with a high degree of crystallinity, uniform particle size, and homogenous stoichiometry throughout the crystal is described. Disclosed embodiments include a flow reactor with an energy source for rapid nucleation of the procurors following by a separate heating source for growing the nucleates. Segmented flow may be provided to facilitate mixing and uniform energy absorption of the precursors, and post production quality testing in communication with a control system allow automatic real-time adjustment of the production parameters. The nucleation energy source can be monomodal, multimodal, or multivariable frequency microwave energy and tuned to allow different precursors to nucleate at substantially the same time thereby resulting in a substantially homogenous nanoparticle. A shell application system may also be provided to allow one or more shell layers to be formed onto each nanoparticle.

Disclosed herein is a process for the preparation of dimethylether from hydrocarbons, including tri-reforming a feedstock mixture comprised of hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and water vapor in the presence of a tri-reforming catalyst, to prepare a syngas, which then undergoes gas-phase direct synthesis into dimethylether in one step in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. According to the process of this invention, three main processes among typical syngas preparation processes are simultaneously performed, and then, the syngas thus obtained is prepared into dimethylether through a direct reaction in one step, thereby decreasing the apparatus cost and operation cost. In addition, all of the carbon dioxide separated and recovered from the unreacted material and by-products may be reused as reaction material, thus decreasing the generation of carbon dioxide and reducing the material cost.

In an optical sheet 10 having a prism surface 16 formed by providing unit prisms 14 on the upper surface of a transparent base material 12, a coating layer 18 is provided on the reverse surface of the transparent base material opposite to the prism surface 16, spherical beads 20 are arranged projecting from the surface of the coating layer 18 by 1 to 10 mum in height, and the coating layer 18 is brought into contact with the flat and smooth surface 22A of the light-transmissive material 22 through the spherical beads 20 which are put between them. The spherical beads are 1 mum or less in half bandwidth of the distribution of particle diameters and are made uniform in height projecting from the coating layer 18.

An air-conditioning system embodiment for temperature control in a vehicle comprises heater cores, controllably connected to a coolant contour, outletting the conditioned air towards a person sitting in a chair, or into a food compartment. Some cores are mounted inside of chairs' backs situated in front of rear passengers, other cores are mounted in the chair back and inside the chair seat. A refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger provides heat exchange between a refrigerant contour and the coolant contour, cooling the coolant supplied to the cores. A refrigerant compressor is driven by a hydraulic motor, operated by pressurized oil delivered through a hydraulic contour from a first hydraulic pump driven by the vehicle's engine connected to the first pump through an electromagnetic clutch, or alternatively from a second hydraulic pump driven by a substitute engine, connected to the second pump through another electromagnetic clutch, both clutches are controlled by a thermostat.

A fine-adjustment mechanism for making small adjustments to a cutting angle on a miter saw is used in conjunction with an apparatus that includes a base having at least one recess, and a turntable that supports a cutting tool is rotatably mounted to the base. An angular-adjustment lever is pivotally mounted to the turntable. The angular-adjustment lever includes a first insert proximal to the turntable. The first insert is capable of engaging at least one recess. The fine-adjustment mechanism is mounted to the turntable and includes a fine-adjustment lever pivotally mounted on the turntable. A second insert having an opening therethrough is supported by the fine-adjustment lever and adapted to engage at least one recess of the base. A threaded rod supported by the fine-adjustment lever extends through the opening in the second insert. A latch holder may be attached to the fine-adjustment lever.