4824results about How to "Avoid exposure" patented technology

A client-server authentication method for use where a server process has access to a repository storing cipher-protected client passwords. The method includes applying the same cipher function to the client's copy of its password as was previously applied to generate the stored cipher-protected client passwords. This ensures that both the client and server have access to an equivalent cipher-protected client password-providing a shared secret for driving a mutual challenge-response authentication protocol without having to convert the password into cleartext at the server. The invention can be implemented without significant additional software infrastructure in a UNIX environment. Client passwords are typically stored in the UNIX password repository under the protection of the crypt( ) function applied to the combination of the password and a random number (a "salt'). By sending the salt to the client system together with the server's initial challenge of the authentication protocol, a process at the client is able to apply the crypt( ) function to the client password with the same salt such that the client and server have a shared secret for use as, or to generate, a common session key for the authentication.

An integrated circuit for data encryption / decryption and secure key management is disclosed. The integrated circuit may be used in conjunction with other integrated circuits, processors, and software to construct a wide variety of secure data processing, storage, and communication systems. A preferred embodiment of the integrated circuit includes a symmetric block cipher that may be scaled to strike a favorable balance among processing throughput and power consumption. The modular architecture also supports multiple encryption modes and key management functions such as one-way cryptographic hash and random number generator functions that leverage the scalable symmetric block cipher. The integrated circuit may also include a key management processor that can be programmed to support a wide variety of asymmetric key cryptography functions for secure key exchange with remote key storage devices and enterprise key management servers. Internal data and key buffers enable the device to re-key encrypted data without exposing data. The key management functions allow the device to function as a cryptographic domain bridge in a federated security architecture.

Methods, systems, and machine-readable media are disclosed for processing a card-not-present transaction. According to one embodiment, processing a card-not-present transaction can comprise receiving a request for a card-not-present transaction involving an enrolled consumer. The request can include information identifying the enrolled consumer. A record of information related to the enrolled consumer can be read and the enrolled consumer can be authenticated based at least in part on the information of the request and the record of information related to the enrolled consumer. In response to authenticating the enrolled consumer, a set of single-use payment information can be generated which can include a one-time password and a dynamic Primary Account Number (PAN) which is valid for a single transaction. The single-use payment information can be provided to the enrolled consumer or the merchant to complete the transaction in place of the true PAN.

An integrated circuit structures formed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, which comprises a conductive pathway recessed in a dielectric substrate, wherein the conductive pathway comprises conductive transmission lines encapsulated in a transmission-enhancement material, and wherein the conductive pathway is filled sequentially by a first layer of the transmission-enhancement material followed by the conductive transmission line; a second layer of transmission-enhancement material encapsulating the conductive transmission line and contacting the first layer of the transmission-enhancement material, wherein the transmission-enhancement material is selected from the group consisting of high magnetic permeability material and high permittivity material. Such integrated circuit structure may comprise a device structure selected from the group consisting of capacitors, inductors, and resistors. Preferably, the transmission-enhancement material comprises MgMn ferrites, MgMnAl ferrites, barium strontium titanate, lead zirconium titanate, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, etc.

A method of selectively removing fluorocarbon layers from overlying low-k dielectric material is described. These protective plasma treatments (PPT) are delicate alternatives to traditional post-etch treatments (PET). The method includes sequential exposure to (1) a local plasma formed from a silicon-fluorine precursor followed by (2) an exposure to plasma effluents formed in a remote plasma from a fluorine-containing precursor. The remote plasma etch (2) has been found to be highly selective of the residual material following the local plasma silicon-fluorine exposure. The sequential process (1)-(2) avoids exposing the low-k dielectric material to oxygen which would undesirably increase its dielectric constant.

An actuator base, bobbin, and pole piece form a pocket for an armature that a flexible membrane encloses to form an armature chamber filled with an incompressible fluid. The membrane protects the armature from exposure to corrosive fluids flowing in a conduit. Conduit flow can be stopped by driving the membrane against a valve seat. Pressure from the controlled fluid in the conduit is transmitted through the membrane to the fluid within the armature chamber so that the armature does not need to counteract force applied to the membrane by the conduit fluid's pressure.

The present invention relates to a mounting structure for a display unit in a refrigerator. The mounting structure of the present invention comprises an accommodating space formed by depressing a portion of a front surface of a door, an installation space formed in the door to communicate with a portion of the accommodating space, a display unit retractably mounted to the accommodating space to display a variety of information and receive a plurality of operating signals, a first lead wire of which one end is led into the installation space through the door, and a second lead wire of which one end is connected to the display unit and the other end is led into the installation space and connected to the first lead wire. According to the present invention so configured, the external appearance of the refrigerator can be improved, the durability and operational reliability of the refrigerator can be ensured, and the usability can also be enhanced.

Methods and compositions are disclosed for the preparation of free radical scavenging polymers and polymer films functionalized with antioxidants. Enzymatic and chemical tailoring of monomers with antioxidants followed by enzymatic polymerization is described. These antioxidant functionalized polymers can increase shelf life and quality of food products, as well as, increase effectiveness of pharmaceutical agents when used as packaging or as coatings on packaging for oxygen sensitive materials. The novel enzymatic covalent coupling of antioxidants to a polymer enhances the free radical scavenging ability of packaging while also inhibiting the escape of the antioxidants, and thus limiting exposure and / or absorption by an individual. In addition to its use in food or pharmaceutical packaging, methods are disclosed for using the antioxidant coupled polymers in a variety of applications including as coatings on the inside of medical devices, such as stents and catheters, which would substantially reduce free radical damage and / or oxygen depletion during medical procedures. Furthermore, through the coupling of antioxidants to biodegradable polymers, controlled delivery and sustained release of an antioxidant to a subject is possible.

A semiconductor technology combines a normally off n-channel channel-junction insulated-gate field-effect transistor (“IGFET”) (104) and an n-channel surface-channel IGFET (100 or 160) to reduce low-frequency 1 / f noise. The channel-junction IGFET is normally fabricated to be of materially greater gate dielectric thickness than the surface-channel IGFET so as to operate across a greater voltage range than the surface-channel IGFET. A p-channel surface-channel IGFET (102 or 162), which is typically fabricated to be of approximately the same gate-dielectric thickness as the n-channel surface-channel IGFET, is preferably combined with the two n-channel IGFETs to produce a complementary-IGFET structure. A further p-channel IGFET (106, 180, 184, or 192), which is typically fabricated to be of approximately the same gate dielectric thickness as the n-channel channel-junction IGFET, is also preferably included. The further p-channel IGFET can be a surface-channel or channel-junction device.

The present invention features a system and method for establishing a secure communication channel between a client and an application server. In one embodiment, a ticket service generates a ticket having an identifier and a session key. A communications device obtains the ticket from the ticket service and transmits the ticket to a client over a secure communication channel. The client transmits the identifier of the ticket to an application server over an application communication channel. The application server then obtains a copy of the session key of the ticket from the ticket service. Communications exchanged between the client and the application server over the application communication channel are then encrypted using the session key to establish the application communication channel as a secure communication channel.

A device for priming and venting a hazardous drug within an intravenous administration set. The device includes various access ports and fluid channels to permit direct injection of a hazardous drug into the fluid reservoir, while eliminating the possibility of undesirable exposure to the hazardous drug. The device further includes priming and flushing ports to enable flushing of a hazardous drug from the system following an infusion procedure.

Disclosed herein is a novel pharmaceutical delivery device that provides controlled, sustained local delivery of a therapeutic agent of interest to a target tissue of interest, for example, the vitreous tissue of the eye, over an extended period of time.

Among other things, the present invention provides various footwear pieces, and methods for manufacturing such pieces. In various cases, the footwear pieces are molded from a lofting material. Further, in various cases, the footwear pieces include one or more ventilators formed in the footwear piece that are surrounded by liquid conductors capable of channeling liquid spilled on the surface of the footwear pieces away from a foot within the footwear pieces.

A semiconductor technology combines a normally off n-channel channel-junction insulated-gate field-effect transistor (“IGFET”) (104) and an n-channel surface-channel IGFET (100 or 160) to reduce low-frequency 1 / f noise. The channel-junction IGFET is normally of materially greater gate dielectric thickness than the surface-channel IGFET so as to operate across a greater voltage range than the surface-channel IGFET. Alternatively or additionally, the channel-junction IGFET may conduct current through a field-induced surface channel. A p-channel surface-channel IGFET (102 or 162), which is typically of approximately the same gate-dielectric thickness as the n-channel surface-channel IGFET, is preferably combined with the two n-channel IGFETs to produce a complementary-IGFET structure. A further p-channel IGFET (106, 180, 184, or 192), which is typically of approximately the same gate dielectric thickness as the n-channel channel-junction IGFET, is also preferably included. The further p-channel IGFET can be a surface-channel or channel-junction device.

A needle protection device for a vial has a collar at the base of which a number of finger grippers extend. The collar is placed about the hub of a vial and pushed therealong until the gripper fingers snap over the bottom surface of the needle hub so as to fixedly couple the collar to the needle hub of the vial. Flexibly extending from the collar is a housing that is pivotable to a position in alignment along the longitudinal axis of the vial for enveloping the needle, to thereby prevent the needle from being exposed to the environment. A hook integrated to the inside of the housing ensures that the needle and the housing could no longer move relative to each other once the hook snaps over and traps the needle, as the housing is pivoted to its alignment position. For those vials that have a needle hub that extends smoothly from the vial, a second embodiment of the instant invention has, in place of the collar, a base that has two extending arms with coacting ends. Once the base is slipped over the vial and positioned appropriately therealong, the arms are pressed towards each other until the two coacting ends lock into place to thereby fixedly couple the base to the vial. A housing flexibly extending from the base is pivoted to a position in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the vial for enveloping a needle that extends from the hub of the vial.

A filtering face mask that comprises: (a) a mask body; and (b) at least one diagnostic device for identifying whether the wearer of the mask is infected with a contagious disease.

An earpiece may include an earpiece housing, an electronics package associated with the earpiece housing, a hydrophobic barrier on the earpiece, and an oleophobic barrier on the earpiece. The hydrophobic barrier may be applied directly to the electronics package. The oleophobic barrier may be distal to the electronics package. The oleophobic barrier may be an oleophobic nano-coating applied to a mesh or screen. The hydrophobic barrier may be distal to the electronics package. The oleophobic barrier may be distal to the hydrophobic barrier. The hydrophobic barrier may be a nano-coating applied directly to a mesh or screen. The oleophobic barrier may be a nano-coating applied directly to a mesh or screen.

A needle protection device for a vial has a collar at the base of which a number of finger grippers extend. The collar is placed about the hub of a vial and pushed therealong until the gripper fingers snap over the bottom surface of the needle hub so as to fixedly couple the collar to the needle hub of the vial. Flexibly extending from the collar is a housing that is pivotable to a position in alignment along the longitudinal axis of the vial for enveloping the needle, to thereby prevent the needle from being exposed to the environment. A hook integrated to the inside of the housing ensures that the needle and the housing could no longer move relative to each other once the hook snaps over and traps the needle, as the housing is pivoted to its alignment position. For those vials that have a needle hub that extends smoothly from the vial, a second embodiment of the instant invention has, in place of the collar, a base that has two extending arms with coacting ends. Once the base is slipped over the vial and positioned appropriately therealong, the arms are pressed towards each other until the two coacting ends lock into place to thereby fixedly couple the base to the vial. A housing flexibly extending from the base is pivoted to a position in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the vial for enveloping a needle that extends from the hub of the vial.

A method for forming a self aligned pattern on an existing pattern on a substrate comprising applying a coating of a solution containing a masking material in a carrier, the masking material having an affinity for portions of the existing pattern; and allowing at least a portion of the masking material to preferentially assemble to the portions of the existing pattern. The pattern may be comprised of a first set of regions of the substrate having a first atomic composition and a second set of regions of the substrate having a second atomic composition different from the first composition. The first set of regions may include one or more metal elements and the second set of regions may include a dielectric. The first and second regions may be treated to have different surface properties. Structures made in accordance with the method. Compositions useful for practicing the method.

A reflective TFT substrate which can be operated for a prolonged period of time due to the presence of a protective insulating film, is free from occurrence of crosstalk, and is capable of significantly reducing manufacturing cost by decreasing the production steps in the production process. A reflective TFT substrate 1 comprises a substrate 10; a gate electrode 23 and a gate wire 24; a gate insulating film 30; an n-type oxide semiconductor layer 40; a metal layer 60 formed with a channel part 41 interposed therebetween; and a protective insulating film 80 which covers the upper part of the glass substrate 10 on which a pixel electrode 67, a drain wire pad 68 and a gate wire pad 25 are exposed, wherein the metal layer 60 functions at least as a source wire 65, a drain wire 66, a source electrode 63, a drain electrode 64 and the pixel electrode 67.

The invention discloses a liquid nitrogen cylinder, a cryogenic vial storing and fetching device and a liquid nitrogen cylinder storing and fetching system. The liquid nitrogen cylinder comprises a cylinder body, wherein the cylinder body is provided with a sealed opening; the liquid nitrogen cylinder further comprises a bracket tray; the bracket tray is arranged in the cylinder body; the bracket tray is used for bearing cryogenic baskets; a central shaft is vertical to the bracket tray and is fixedly connected with the bracket tray; a driving component is electrically connected with the central shaft; the driving component is used for driving the central shaft to rotate; and the central shaft is used for driving the cryogenic baskets to rotate through the bracket tray and conveying the cryogenic baskets to the opening. By adopting the liquid nitrogen cylinder, the error rate of manual cryogenic vial selecting is reduced; and meanwhile, safety hazards for operation personnel during a manual bracket tray rotation process are avoided. By adopting the cryogenic vial storing and fetching device, the process for selecting a single target cryogenic vial for biological samples is realized; and during the whole selecting process, the cryogenic vials are all in a liquid nitrogen environment, so that non-target cryogenic vials are prevented from being exposed at environment temperature. The liquid nitrogen cylinder storing and fetching system is applicable to vial picking work for large biological sample banks.

A device for priming and venting a hazardous drug within an intravenous administration set. The device includes various access ports and fluid channels to permit direct injection of a hazardous drug into the fluid reservoir, while eliminating the possibility of undesirable exposure to the hazardous drug. The device further includes priming and flushing ports to enable flushing of a hazardous drug from the system following an infusion procedure.

Virus notifications based on social groups are provided. When an anti-virus program is updated, the anti-virus program informs its peers within the social group of the update. When a particular peer computing device is infected, it notifies the other anti-virus programs in the social group. The notification to the other anti-virus programs may identify which particular patches / updates are required for that particular peer computing device's anti-virus program based on the data structure that maintains the update status of the anti-virus software on each of the peer computing devices. The anti-virus programs in the social group, based on the notification of the infection from the infected computing device, may automatically perform operations for downloading any required patches and performing a scan of the peer computing device in order to isolate and remove the virus if the peer computing device has become infected.

A microelectronic flash memory device including a plurality of memory cells including transistors fitted with a matrix of channels connecting a block of common source to a second block on which bit lines rest, the transistors also being formed by a plurality of gates including at least one gate material, including a first selection gate coating the channels, a plurality of control gates coating the channels, a plurality of second selection gates each coating the channels of the same row and the matricial arrangement, at least one or more of the gates based on superposition of layers including at least one first layer of dielectrical material, at least one charge store zone, and at least one second layer of dielectrical material.

A stackable connector interface with magnetic retention for electronic devices and accessories can allow power and data to be transferred between one or more stacked connectors. Each interconnected stackable connector may include one or more magnetic elements, which magnetic elements may have poles arranged to facilitate mating with other stackable connectors. The magnetic elements may also provide a magnetic retention force that holds mated connectors in contact with each other. The connectors can also include connection detection circuitry for determining whether the connectors are mated with other connectors, thereby allowing the connectors to prevent live contacts from being exposed at an unmated surface of the connectors. In addition to connection detection circuitry, routing circuitry may also be included to determine how signals should be transferred between the interconnected stackable connectors and / or corresponding devices.

A dispenser for dispensing paper or non-woven sheet product for wiping, wherein the level of sheet product contained in the dispenser decreases as the sheet product is dispensed, the dispenser comprising an ultrasonic level sensor for determining the level of the sheet product contained in the dispenser, wherein the ultrasonic sensor is arranged to direct the ultrasonic beam toward a surface associated with the sheet product, wherein a distance that the beam travels to the surface changes progressively as the level of the sheet product in the dispenser changes from a full condition to an empty condition.