209 results about "Water-use efficiency" patented technology

The present invention provides systems and methods that identify a flow anomaly to an operator or other person by: executing a first device of a plurality of water using devices; receiving flow data on a quantity of water used by the first device during a time period required to generate a first water use signature from the first device; comparing a future water use pattern against the first water use signature to identify a flow anomaly with the first device; and providing information regarding the flow anomaly to the person. Identifying anomalies can be useful in numerous ways, including discovering problems that need fixing, reducing waste, and even calculating appropriate irrigation application rates.

A method to identify a water flow anomaly in a system having first and second water using devices to generate baseline data that preferably has water use signatures and corresponding water pressure information regarding the water using devices; comparing the baseline data with actual water usage signatures and corresponding actual water pressure information to identify a flow anomaly with the water using devices; and providing information on the flow anomaly to an individual. It is especially contemplated that baseline data are generated for multiple devices coupled to a common water supply system, with baseline data from two or more water using devices compared against future water use patterns of the same devices. Apparatus to accomplish these tasks is preferably housed in an irrigation controller, which may be advantageously coupled to a flow meter.

A method is provided for identifying a flow anomaly in a system having first and second water using devices, comprising: generating baseline data comprising water use signatures and corresponding water pressure information regarding the water using devices; comparing the baseline data with actual water usage signatures and corresponding actual water pressure information to identify a flow anomaly with the water using devices; and providing information on the flow anomaly to an individual. It is especially contemplated that baseline data are generated for multiple devices coupled to a common water supply system, with baseline data from two or more water using devices compared against future water use patterns of the same devices. Apparatus to accomplish these tasks is preferably housed in an irrigation controller, which may be advantageously coupled to a flow meter.

A computer-implemented method is disclosed for providing a customer engagement platform to increase residential water-user efficiency with one or more servers programmed to execute the method. The method comprising estimating, with the one or more servers, outdoor irrigable area of a household, wherein the estimating includes calculating outdoor irrigable land of the household for estimating outdoor water usage of the household.

The invention discloses an intercropping furrow irrigation method which comprises the following steps: ridging and making channels in farmland and arranging at least two channels and three furrows, wherein each furrow is trapezoid, the bottom width of each channels is 60cm, the bottom width of each furrow is 60cm-105cm, the height of each furrow is 15cm-25cm, the included angle of each furrow side and each channel bottom is 30 degrees to 45 degrees; arranging the line spacing as 13cm-20cm if wheat is grown on the furrows, and arranging the line spacing as 20cm-30cm if soybean is grown on the furrow; growing two lines of corn in the channels, wherein the line spacing is 40cm-50cm, and the row spacing is 25cm-45cm; and irrigating farmland irrigation water in the channels when the crops are in the critical growth period. Compared with ground irrigation, by means of the intercropping furrow irrigation method, water can be saved by 30%-50%, yield can be increased by 10%-40%, the water use efficiency is obviously improved, and not only the economic benefits are significantly obtained, but also the resources can be saved. Therefore, the intercropping furrow irrigation method plays a significant role in stable and sustainable development of the agricultural ecosystem.

The invention relates to an irrigation management system based on irrigation water requirements of corn at different stages. The system comprises a data management module, a data prediction module, acorn variety information base module, a sensor module, an agricultural climatic resource calculation module, an irrigation water requirement calculation module, a year harvest prediction module, a real-time monitoring module, an irrigation strategy generation and execution module. The data management module is connected with the data prediction module, the data prediction module, the corn varietyinformation base module and the sensor module are connected with the agricultural climatic resource calculation module separately, and the agricultural climatic resource calculation module is connected with the irrigation water requirement calculation module; the irrigation water requirement calculation module is connected with the year harvest prediction module, the real-time monitoring module and the irrigation strategy generation and execution module, and the year harvest prediction module and the real-time monitoring module are connected with the irrigation strategy generation and execution module. According to the irrigation management system based on the irrigation water requirements of the corn at the different stages, the agricultural water-using efficiency can be improved, the system helps to reasonably arrange the agricultural production activity, the basic income of farmers is increased, and the system has the important effect on ecological environment protection.

The invention relates to a natural plant growth regulator as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The regulator contains the following components: 60-95 parts of plant distillate, 0-4.0 parts of glycine, 0-3.5 parts of glutamic acid, 0-2.0 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0-1.5 parts of salicylic acid and 0-0.5 part of jasmonic acid; moreover, total dosage of the glycine, the glutamic acid, the gamma-aminobutyric acid, the salicylic acid and the jasmonic acid is more than 0 part. The regulator, in which major components are derived from plant extracts, has a characteristic of being pure natural; by regulating a physiological status of plants, improving a physiological function of the plants and supporting healthy energy, the regulator can improve the plant productivity and a capacity for resisting external adverse environment so as to achieve a purpose; by enhancing an osmotic adjustment ability of plants as well as a water use efficiency and a cell membrane stability of the plants, capacities of early weaning and responding to adverse environment of the plants are enhanced, so that purposes of improving drought resistance, salt resistance and cold resistance of the plants are achieved; moreover, the regulator can inhibit diseases and insect pests and can resist continuous cropping.

The invention discloses a method for storing moisture and preventing drought in a dry farming spring corn area. According to the method, after autumn crops are harvested, fertilizer applying, deep tillage, rake grinding and applying of chemical herbicide are performed in the late autumn and early winter according to the requirements for sowing plastic-film corn in spring of the next year, a plastic film is timely covered, hole sowing is directly performed on the film during sowing in spring of the next year, and harvest is performed in autumn. The method has the benefits as follows: by means of the provided method for storing moisture and preventing drought in the dry farming spring corn area, the water and moisture storing capacity can be enhanced, the soil moisture environment is improved, sowing in the optimum period and full stand of corn are guaranteed, the stress resistance of corn is enhanced, and the corn yield and the water use efficiency are improved. With the application of the method, the capacity of dry farming spring corn in the north of China in adapting to drying and warming of climate is improved, and the method has a very important significance in stable increase production and high yield of the corn in the dry land.

The invention discloses a rainwater collecting system for a roof garden and a construction method. The system includes a roof, a water collection unit, a processing unit, a water storage unit and a water consumption unit. The roof is provided with a cobbled road paved with pebbles and a first vegetation layer. The water collection unit includes a rainwater collection hopper arranged blow the cobbled road and a water delivery pipe. The processing unit includes a landscape pool, a sedimentation tank and a purifier, wherein the landscape pool, the sedimentation tank and the purifier are successively connected. The water storage unit includes a first reservoir and a second reservoir, wherein the first reservoir is positioned on the roof and the second reservoir is positioned below a house. The system integrates roofing construction, rainwater collection, water treatment and water use terminals. Making overall plans and taking all factors into consideration, the system can efficiently reduce rainwater pollution, protect water environment and achieve collection, purification, storage and reuse of rainwater. The system also improves the water-use efficiency, reduces the pressure of water use, makes it more convenient to conserve and irrigate a roof garden, and reduces the energy for water delivery, so that the system is more economical and environmentally friendly.

Disclosed are soil additives capable of hydrophilizing soil particles and / or increase available water capacity in soil. The soil additive are capable of increasing the available water content / capacity (AWC) in soils, the additive in one embodiment comprising a polymer composition having a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion, wherein the hydrophobic portion of the copolymer binds with the soil particle surface and the hydrophilic portion of the copolymer can bind with water. This results in the prevention, arrest or decelerated loss of water from the targeted area, for example the plant root zone, which allows for improved water usage efficiency by plants, grasses, vegetation, etc.

The invention provides a method for analyzing a farmland irrigation hierarchical water requirement amount. The method comprises the following steps of analyzing a farmland irrigation rigid water requirement amount according to a theoretical water requirement amount and an effective precipitation amount in a crop growth period; analyzing a farmland irrigation elastic water requirement amount according to an advanced farmland irrigation water effective utilization coefficient which is locally recommended; and analyzing a farmland irrigation extravagant water requirement amount according to an irrigation water actual utilization coefficient which is lower than the advanced farmland irrigation water effective utilization coefficient that is locally recommended. The method for analyzing the farmland irrigation hierarchical water requirement amount has advantages of settling problems of low accuracy and large error in calculating the farmland irrigation water requirement amount, performing hierarchical analysis and calculation on the farmland irrigation water requirement, accurately analyzing the water requirement amount in each hierarchy in farmland irrigation, improving water utilization efficiency in farmland irrigation, saving water resource, realizing effective controlling for controlling water for farmland irrigation, and supplying reliable basis for management guidance and planning scheduling of irrigation water.

The invention relates to a water-saving wheat variety identification screening method. The method includes the following steps that (1) water use efficiency of winter wheat varieties is identified and evaluated under two water conditions of irrigation and drought respectively; the water use efficiency of wheat varieties is evaluated through transpiration water consumption of a whole growth period of single plant grain yield / single plant wheat varieties; total water content in soil of each pot during harvesting is minus total water content in soil of each pot during sowing to obtain a value which is then plus complementary water amount after sowing and before harvesting / plant numbers of each pot to obtain total transpiration water consumption amount of the whole growth period of single plant wheat varieties; (2) total transpiration water consumption amount of the whole growth period of single plant wheat varieties is measured under drought condition and irrigation condition respectively by pot planting tests. The wheat variety whole growth period includes a complete growth period from sowing to harvesting, varieties with really high water use efficiency can be identified by the method in stead of high yield varieties under the irrigation condition, the screened varieties have high grain yield level and high water use efficiency, and the guidance for production is high.

The invention relates to a potato cultivation technology with high ridge films covered with soil. The potato cultivation technology is a cultivation method which comprises the steps of ridging, seeding, film mulching, soil casing, temperature regulating, soil moisture preserving and water saving. The potato cultivation technology is mainly used for solving the problem of water resource shortage and achieving the purposes of efficiency, water conservation, high yield and the like. Compared with a traditional method, the potato cultivation technology has the advantages that plants can naturally rupture out of the films and sprout, weeds are killed, salt and alkali are reduced, soil moisture is preserved, temperature is regulated, and green potatoes and deformed potatoes are reduced. The potato cultivation technology can effectively lower chemical pollution, save labor cost, improve water using efficiency, and improve yield and quality of potatoes.

The invention belongs to the field of crop planting, in particular to a high-efficiency corn cultivation method in saline-alkali land. The high-efficiency corn cultivation method in the saline-alkaliland includes the following specific cultivation steps: soil improvement, flat land preparation and application of base fertilizer, corn sowing and film covering, irrigation and fertilization. The method achieves the aim of improving corn emergence rate, seedling preservation rate, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and further improving corn yield by improving the corn planting method and optimizing the irrigation and fertilization system, breaks through the technical bottleneck of difficult corn planting and improvement in saline-alkali land in low-lying areas, and can play a technical supporting role in efficient improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land and improvement of ecological environment. On the one hand, ridge film furrow planting can effectively reduce the evaporation and consumption of soil moisture, and thus water collection and moisture preservation are favorable, so that crop yield and water use efficiency are improved; on the other hand, the utilization of groundwater can be further promoted, the groundwater level is lowered, and the phenomenon of soil salinization is reduced.

The invention provides an efficient rotation cropping method for corn and soybeans in the Northeast region, and relates to an efficient rotation cropping method for corn and soybeans. The mechanized and scale corn-soybean rotation cropping method is formed by taking whole process mechanization as a basis, taking scale application as a premise and playing the traditional advantages of planting the soybeans in the Northeast cold region. The method comprises the steps of 1 land preparing in autumn, 2 ridging in autumn, 3 compacting, 4 variety and sowing time selecting, 5 fertilizing, 6 chemical weeding, 7 intertillage managing, 8 pest controlling and 9 lodging preventing through chemical control. According to the method, fertilizer can be saved, pesticide application amount can be decreased, the water use efficiency is improved, the grain yield is increased, and the grain production capacity is stabilized. The method is applied to the field of crop cultivation.

The present invention provides methods of regulating plant stress tolerance.

The invention provides a hierarchical configuration method and configuration model for a water resource, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, dividing water-demanding subjects into a plurality of layers; S2, dividing the water-demanding calculation of each subject into a plurality of layers according to the water-demanding features; S3, dividing supply water sources into a plurality of layers according to the water demand of each water-demanding subject at different layers; S4, dividing the specific application time of the supply water sources into a plurality of layers; S5, dividing a configuration process into a plurality of layers according to the water demand of each water-demanding subject at different layers, and carrying out the layer-by-layer configuration according tothe layers of the supply water sources and the layers of the specific application time of each supply water source. The method provided by the invention can achieve the reasonable prediction of waterdemand, is reasonable in resource bearing, is reasonable in water supply planning, is reasonable in space configuration, is reasonable in time configuration, is reasonable in quality standard, can improve the water utilization efficiency, and saves the water resources.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural water-saving irrigation, and discloses an agricultural water-saving irrigation system including a video monitoring module, a water detection module, a temperature detection module, a main control module, an irrigation area determination module, a water demand calculation module, a water pumping module, a spraying module, an alarm moduleand a display module. Accurate data of the maximum soil surface water-seepage rate, the actual soil surface water-seepage rate and primary irrigation water demand are obtained through the water demandcalculation module, and the normal operation of farmland irrigation activities is ensured; meanwhile, through the irrigation area determination module, an irrigation area monitoring method based on the corrected vertical drought index difference threshold is established, the actual irrigation area can be monitored by a satellite remote sensing means and a fewer of ground calibration points, the calculation accuracy of the irrigation water amount is improved, and the management level and the water use efficiency of the irrigation area are improved.

The invention relates to a root layer moisture monitoring-based winter wheat regulated deficit irrigation method. The method comprises the following steps of ensuring that the average relative water content in 0-20cm soil is not lower than 80 percent in the seeding stage; irrigating when the average relative water content in 0-40cm soil is lower than 65 percent before overwintering from emergence of seedlings; irrigating when the average relative water content in 0-40cm soil is lower than 60 percent from overwintering to the standing stage; irrigating when the average relative water content in 0-60cm soil is lower than 60 percent from the jointing stage to the booting stage; irrigating when the average relative water content in 0-100cm soil is lower than 65 percent from the earing stage to 10 days after the flower; irrigating when the average relative water content in 0-100cm soil is lower than 55 percent from 11 days after the flower to the maturation stage; the irrigation water amount each time reaches field capacity. According to the method, the yield, water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of the winter wheat can be obviously improved.

The invention discloses a minimal-tillage dry direct-seeding cultivating method for rice. The minimal-tillage dry direct-seeding cultivating method includes the steps that (1) straw turnover is carried out to cover soil after preceding crops in a rice field are harvested, and meanwhile pre-seeding preparation is carried out on rice seeds to obtain rice seeds to be seeded; (2) the rice seeds to be seeded are directly seeded after strip rotary tillage is carried out on the soil, and fertilizers are deeply applied to the soil; (3) the rice seeds get into the growth period after direct seeding is carried out, ditch infiltration irrigation is carried out on the rice field in the whole growth period, and meanwhile pest control and / or crop smothering control are / is carried out; (4) harvesting is carried out at the right moment according to the growth period of the rice, and next-round crop planting is carried out. According to the minimal-tillage dry direct-seeding cultivating method, minimal-tillage dry direct seeding and water management are combined, the rice seedling bed period is eliminated through minimal-tillage direct seeding, a submergence irrigation technology is replaced by a right-moment irrigation technology, the technical problem that a traditional rice cultivating technology is large in seedling transplantation and working intensity and low in fertilizer and water use efficiency is accordingly solved, and the comprehensive production capacity of a rice cultivating system is improved.

The present invention generally relates to the field of genetic engineering and obtaining transgenic traits for agronomic applications. More specifically, the present invention relates to a specific transgenic event in agricultural crops that improves plant characteristics. Yet more specifically, the invention relates to a polynucleotide construct comprising a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. In particular, the polynucleotide construct of the invention comprises the gene AtBBX21 which encodes a B-box protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. The transgenic event of the invention increases green and seed yield, reduces photoinhibition, improves water use efficiency, increases tuber and chlorophyll production and improves photosynthetic rates, among others. The polynucleotide construct of the invention comprises a sequence depicted as SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention also provides a transgenic plant transformed with said polynucleotide construct, wherein said plant exhibits improved characteristics. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the transgenic plant is a potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant that overexpresses a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, wherein said potato plant exhibits improved characteristics.

The invention relates to a wet smoke plume eliminating system. The wet smoke plume eliminating system comprises a first cooling subsystem, a second cooling subsystem and a heater which are successively arranged between a smoke outlet of a desulphurization tower and a chimney; the first cooling subsystem comprises a first circulating water loop, the first circulating water loop is provided with a spraying apparatus and a circulating water tank, the second cooling subsystem comprises a fluoroplastic heat exchanger communicated with the spraying apparatus; the circulating water tank is communicated with the first cooling subsystem and the second cooling subsystem and used for collecting condensed water and sprayed water and providing circulating water circularly entering the spraying apparatus along the first circulating water loop; and the water smoke plume eliminating system also comprises a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is communicated with an overflow opening of the circulating water tank. By adopting the wet smoke plume eliminating system, water can be effectively extracted from smoke, the wet smoke plume phenomenon can be completely eliminated, the environment is purified, and the water use efficiency of a power plant can be increased at the same time.

The invention relates to water-retention slow-release urea fertilizer and a production method thereof. The production method comprises the steps of acrylic acid solution preparing, neutralization reaction performing, acrylamide adding, polymerization reaction performing, granulating and drying and the like. According to the water-retention slow-release urea fertilizer and the production method thereof, the water-retention slow-release urea fertilizer is safe, environmentally friendly, poisonless, odorless and free of any residual organic and inorganic harmful substances and does not pollute plants, soil, underground water and the like; soil moisture conservation and water saving are achieved, water evaporation can be effectively inhibited, water and soil loss is prevented, the water use efficiency can be increased by more than 20 percent, and the rainwater storage and retention capacity of the soil can be maximumly increased by more than 30 percent; the soil structure can be improved, and meanwhile the development of soil microorganisms can be facilitated.

The invention discloses a soil water storage and preservation planting method for a desert and arid areas. The planting method is characterized in that a layer of sand and cement concrete water storage tank or a plastic water storage tank is laid 0.3-3 meters under the ground of a desert or arid area, the water storage tank is filled with sandy soil, and plants are planted in the sandy soil. The soil water storage and preservation planting method has the following advantages: 1, the rainwater in the desert and arid areas does not permeate into the ground deeply, but permeates into the water storage tank, the root system of a plant can reach the water storage tank and absorb the water, the high soil moisture content is retained enduringly, and the normal growth of the plant is guaranteed; 2, the water irrigated by water conservancy facilities also permeates into the water storage tank, the water can be provided for a long time after one time of irrigation, the soil moisture content is greatly improved, the high soil moisture content is retained enduringly, abundant water can be provided for the growth of the plant, the water use efficiency is improved, and the cost of the water is reduced; and 3, the method is easy to carry out, can be used for a long time after one time of investment, and can be used for several tens or hundreds of years, the cost per year is not high, and the maintenance is not needed.

The invention relates to an irrigation method for improving the water use efficiency of peanuts in a dry land. The irrigation method comprises a first step of covering film and sowing seed; a second step of preparing and paving a drop irrigation device and pipelines; a third step of monitoring the soil water content, wherein detection starts from the florescence period or the pod-bearing period till the pod-full period, when the soil water content of a 0-20cm soil layer drops to below 30% of the field capacity for 5 consecutive days, or when the soil water content of a sandy loam soil land drops to below 7.5% for 5 consecutive days, irrigation is conducted in time; a fourth step of irrigating the earth, wherein the irrigation amount is controlled to be 140-160 cubic meters per hectare, and irrigation is stopped when the soil water content of the 0-20cm soil layer reaches the saturation state. The irrigation method for improving the water use efficiency of the peanuts in the dry land can greatly reduce the amount of water consumption, improves the water utilization efficiency, improve the yield by 8%-40% compared with a conventional method, and improves the water use efficiency by 2-3 times. The irrigation method for improving the water use efficiency of the peanuts in the dry land is easily controlled in technical condition, simple, practicable, strong in operability, and low in production cost.

The invention relates to the field of plant irrigation, in particular to a novel intermittent drop irrigation method. A pulse generator serving as a pulse water pressure adjusting device is arranged at a water inlet of a drop irrigation system and is tightly combined with a day-parting intermittent irrigation method to form an irrigation system with pulse pressure adjusting and day-parting intermittent irrigation to be combined. The novel intermittent drop irrigation method can accurately control the water amount according to different plant types and characteristics and different soil types. Thus, the water using efficiency of plants is improved, and water is saved. The drop irrigation method effectively combines a pulse technique with the day-parting intermittent drop irrigation method. The water dropping speed and the intermittent time can be controlled by adjusting the pulse pressure. Thus, the water using amount can be accurately controlled, the water content of plant root soil under water dropping openings can be in the optimal state, and the problems of water resource waste and salt accumulation of soil can be effectively solved. Meanwhile, plug of the water dropping openings can be reduced.

The present invention is concerned with the improvement of aghcobiological traits in plants. More specifically, it relates to a plant cell comprising in its chloroplasts enzymatic activities for converting glycolate into malate. Preferably, said plant cell comprises a first polypeptide having glycolat oxidase activity, a second polypeptide having malate synthase activity and a third polypeptide having catalase activity or a first polypeptide having glycolat dehydrogenase activity and a second polypeptide having malate synthase activity. Also encompassed is a plant comprising said plant cells as well as seeds obtainable from the said plants. The present invention, furthermore, relates to a method for producing a transgenic plant or a plant cell having an increased water use efficiency or increased yield. The present invention contemplates polynucleotides comprising a combination of nucleic acids encoding the aforementioned polypeptides as well as vectors comprising the polynucleotides and uses thereof.

The present invention relates to methods and uses for improving traits in plants which are important in the field of agriculture. In particular, the methods and uses of the invention use a plant Hsf to increase plant productivity, water use efficiency, drought or pathogen resistance.

The invention discloses a water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method for fruit trees. The water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method includes establishing double-source stereoscopic automatic control fruit tree irrigation systems. Water, fertilizers, pesticides and plant growth regulators are automatically regulated and controlled in due timevia intelligent irrigation decision making systems by the aid of earth surface drip irrigation systems and aerial atomizing droplet sprinkler irrigation systems. The water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method has the advantages that the yield of the fruit trees can be greatly increased by the aid of the water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method, and the water use efficiency of the fruit trees can be greatly improved by the aid of the water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method; the problem that requirements onexcellent growth of existing fruit trees cannot be met by independent irrigation systems in regions under extreme climatic conditions can be solved by the aid of the water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method; the air humidity of fruit tree cultivation environments under extreme drought conditions can be increased, transpiration effects of leaves of the fruit trees canbe deteriorated to a great extent, accordingly, water wastage can be prevented, and fruit tree cultivation can be sustainably developed; the water-saving conditioning double-source stereoscopic irrigation method is implemented by the aid of the intelligent irrigation decision making systems, accordingly, irrigation can be automatically precisely regulated and controlled on time as needed, the labor intensity can be relieved to a great extent, and labor force can be saved.

Disclosed are soil additives comprised of self-situating, stimuli-responsive polymer compositions and methods of their use. In one embodiment, the polymer composition or polymer network comprises permanent cross-links and non-permanent cross-links, wherein the non-permanent cross-links are capable of being removed upon application or exposure to a stimulus, typically located within the soil. In another embodiment, the method of increasing water retention in soils includes applying a soil additive, comprising polymer networks of the present invention admixed with an aqueous solution to form a colloidal dispersion solution or suspension, to a soil surface. The suspension or colloidal dispersion solution facilitates penetration of the polymer composition through the soil surface and into the soil, migrating typically to lower water potential areas and, more typically, along drainage channels located within the soil. After penetration of the soil surface, the polymer network is then exposed to a stimulus, typically present in the soil, whereby the non-permanent cross-links are removed and the polymer composition undergoes a volumetric change. This results in the prevention, arrest or decelerated loss of water from the targeted area, for example the plant root zone, which allows for improved water usage efficiency by plants, grasses, vegetation, etc.