The invention provides a method for ecologically and early breeding Yangtze River coilia ectenes in a pond greenhouse, and relates to coilia ectenes cultivation. The method comprises production steps of parent overwintering and strengthening cultivation, breeding parent stocking, mysis inoculation, daily management, fish fry number estimation and parent removing. The method is characterized in that when the water temperature of an outer pond is reduced to 7-8 DEG C from December to January in the following year, healthy two-age coilia ectenes without surface damage is taken as parent fish and transferred to the pond greenhouse for overwintering and strengthening cultivation; after the parent fish enters the greenhouse, 3 kilograms of exopalaemon carinicauda are put into the pound for each mu, and the mysis is inoculated; from the end of March to the middle ten days of April, the water temperature rises to 15-16 DEG C, overwintered and strengthened parent fish is picked and transferred to an ecological breeding pond, growth and feeding conditions of the fish fry are checked every one week, and the density of fish bait in water is adjusted according to the checked conditions; a seine is used for removing the parent fish in the middle ten days and last ten days of June, 1, 000-2, 000 fish fry can be generally seined each mu, the fish fry specification is that the total length is 7-10 cm and the weight is 1.8-2.5 g, and the fish fry can be taken as culturing offspring seeds.