337 results about "Smoke plume" patented technology

Smoke evacuation apparatus designed to provide safe and efficient filtration and evacuation of smoke plume generated by laser-surgical, electrosurgical, radiosurgical, and electrocautery devices. A filter assembly is removably mounted on a front panel of the apparatus housing and is thus easily accessible from the front side which typically faces the user. The filter assembly at its front is provided with a hose connector to which the suction hose of the system is conveniently attached, and the front of the filter assembly is configured with a symbol, such as a letter or number, that represents an identification of the system supplier or manufacturer, and the hose connector is mounted on that symbol identifier.

The invention provides a method for comprehensive evaluation of uranium mining and milling atmospheric radiation environment. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating atmosphere; pretreating terrain; calculating atmospheric diffusion; determining breathed internal radiation dose; determining eaten internal radiation dose; determining dose of external radiation deposited on earth surface; determining dose of external radiation immersed in smoke plume; determining public individual dose; determining public group dose and the like. The method disclosed by the invention has the functional characteristics of being scientific, accurate, rapid and comprehensive, and is suitable for prediction and evaluation on influences of the national uranium mining and milling atmospheric radiation environment; by using the method, the calculation results can preferably satisfy the actual relocation diffusion rules of atmospheric pollutants, and the environmental influences and public dose calculation are more scientific and reasonable.

The invention relates to a device for efficiently getting water, eliminating white smoke and cooperatively removing contaminants and a working method for the device. The device comprises a draught fan, a deep waste heat recycling system, a desulfurization system, an efficient condensing and water-getting system, a smoker re-heating and white smoke eliminating system, a chimney and a heat medium water circulating pump, wherein the efficient condensing and water-taking system comprises a condensing and water-getting heat exchange system, a condensing water circulating pump and a mechanical ventilating cooling tower; the condensing and water-getting heat exchange system is arranged at an outlet flue of the desulfurization system; the condensing and water-taking heat exchange system is connected with the condensing water circulating pump; the condensing water circulating pump is connected with the mechanical ventilating cooling tower; the condensing and water-taking heat exchange system isconnected with the mechanical ventilating cooling tower; the deep waste heat recycling system is connected with the heat medium water circulating pump; the heat medium water circulating pump is connected with the smoker re-heating and white smoke eliminating system; and the deep waste heat recycling system is connected with the smoker re-heating and white smoke eliminating system. The device is used for recycling a great deal of water in smoke, greatly saves water consumption amount of the desulfurization system, eliminates visual pollution of white smoke plume, and effectively reduces anti-corrosion grade of the chimney.

The invention provides an industrial park atmospheric pollutant diffusion simulating and tracing method. The industrial park atmospheric pollutant diffusion simulating and tracing method specificallycomprises the following steps: (1) based on multi-point pollutant component analysis and concentration real-time monitoring data, analyzing atmospheric pollutant emission characteristics of an emission source, and calculating dynamic emission source intensity; (2) constructing an atmospheric pollutant diffusion model based on a Gaussian smoke plume diffusion theory and a smoke mass diffusion theory, calculating pollutant diffusion distribution characteristics of an emission source according to real-time meteorological data, and predicting the pollutant concentration of sensitive points; and (3) simulating and calculating the influence of the low-rise building within the factory boundary distance of the industrial park on airflow movement, determining a transmission path of emission sourcepollutants, and performing tracing analysis on sensitive point pollutants. The theories of Gaussian diffusion, smoke mass diffusion and computational fluid mechanics are integrated, the problem that the industrial park atmospheric pollutant emission traceability is difficult is solved, and the effective supervision of the industrial park ambient air quality is realized.

A simulated smoke generator method and apparatus is provided for generating a consistent smoke plume. By using a closed loop controller to maintain at least one property, affecting one or more characteristics of the oil, at a desired level, a consistent type of simulated smoke is generated.

The invention relates to a device (10) and a method for rotating a flame and / or a plume of smoke, arranged with a heat source (36) in a chamber (16) with at least one gas inlet opening (24, 26, 30) and a gas outlet opening (32). The gas inlet opening (24, 26, 30) and the heat source (36) are located in a lower area (12, 20′) of the chamber (16). The gas outlet opening (32) is located in an upper region (14) of the chamber (1.6). In this way, an ascending gas flow may be generated in the chamber (16). At least one gas inlet channel or nozzle (24, 26, 30, 40) is adapted to direct inflowing gas therethrough into the lower area (12, 20′) of the chamber (16) approximately along an inner wall of the chamber about an at least approximately circular path following along the inner wall in the same rotational sense around the heat source and then is drawn upwardly by a draw of the upwardly flowing heated gases though the gas outlet opening (32). A flame or smoke plume inside the chamber (16) can thereby be placed into a rotary motion.

The invention discloses a mine fire escape route cellular automaton optimizing and guiding method, and belongs to mine fire safe escape methods. An underground monitoring subsystem, a smoke plume migration simulation subsystem, an escape route selection subsystem and a rescue and escape command guiding subsystem are included, and the monitoring system is composed of a ground central station and various underground sensors and monitors temperature, gas and flue gas parameters in real time; the smoke plume migration simulation system simulates dynamic evolution rules of underground fire smoke through FDS software; the escape route selection subsystem applies a cellular automaton for building a mathematical physical model under the mine ventilation network structure actual condition, dynamically quantizes the complex roadway environment and the smoke pollution range, calculates the escape efficiency and determines the best escape route; the rescue and escape command guiding subsystem provides guidance for underground escape persons on the basis of the escape route calculation result, and the best escape route is fed back to underground workers by means of an upper computer and an underground voice alarm system, the escape efficiency is comprehensively improved, and casualties are reduced to the maximum extent.

Gas Projection Device that can take many external forms that simulate military munitions being exploded and that contain features that enhance the sound of the explosion and the appearance of smoke and attendant percussion. Such device can be controlled by many different means including electronic remote control.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a migration and propagation evaluation model of a radioactive substance. The method comprises the following steps of S1. determining necessary source items to obtain a total mass of the source items released in the environment in all kinds of release types, and a condition that the total mass changes over time; S2. dividing a source item releasing process into a plurality of smoke plume sections; S3. computing the proportion of each source item released in the environment in each smoke plume section, merging and grouping the source items into a plurality of nuclide groups according to the physicochemical properties, and computing the proportion of each nuclide group according to a ratio of compounds in each source item; S4. dividing an environmental space which needs evaluation into a plurality of space units at varying distances from a smoke plume release point; S5. computing the concentration of each source item in the air space and the concentration of each source item deposited on the ground according to a smoke plume diffusion mode with a changeable wind direction; and S6. displaying a name of each source item, a spatial distance between the smoke plume and the smoke plume release point, and the proportion of residual substances of each source item in the smoke plume after dry and wet deposition. According to the method, modelling is accurate, the accuracy is improved, and the influence of the radioactive substance on the environment is scientifically predicted and coped.

Gas Projection Device that can take many external forms that simulate military munitions being exploded and that contain features that enhance the sound of the explosion and the appearance of smoke and attendant percussion. Such device can be controlled by many different means including electronic remote control.

The invention discloses a fusion positioning technology based on binocular recognition and electronic nose network gas detection, and belongs to the field of gas leakage source positioning detection. The method includes the following steps that an electronic nose network fuses concentration information of all nodes according to a smoke plume model at first, and the position of a gas source is determined preliminarily; meanwhile, depth information is obtained by corresponding point parallax error values of two images through dual cameras, and the position of the gas source is obtained through a three-dimensional contour of environment; after a center machine receives smell positioning information and visual positioning information, the smell positioning information and the visual positioning information are fused on the basis of given parameters; corresponding error covariance matrixes are established on the basis of partial estimation of a vision sensor and a smell sensor to obtain a total mean square error quadratic function, a weighting factor corresponding to the minimum total mean square error is figured out through a multivariate function extreme value theory, an optimal self-adaptive weight fusion algorithm model is established, and the accurate position information is worked out. The method combines smell positioning and vision positioning, positioning errors of the gas leakage source are effectively reduced, and precision and reliability of gas source positioning are improved.

The invention discloses a Lagrange puff atmospheric diffusion simulation method in nuclear accident off-site consequence evaluation. A Lagrange mesoscale atmospheric diffusion puff mode is used for calculating the concentration and the dosage of gaseous radioactive materials in each grid point of an evaluation area, and a land-surface and inhomogeneous unstable change meteorological condition of a medium complex degree can be favorably processed. On an appointed grid, one series of Gaussian puff is released to simulate the change of nuclide along with time, and the accident situations of a plurality of releasing points can be simulated in the same time period. The method cites the calculation of aspects including diffusion parameters related to stability, plume rise, thermal inversion layers, ground reflection, dry and wet source item depletion and the like; and under a complex topographic condition, puff division is adopted to process a puff furcation problem, and a mesoscale simulation result more approaches to a practical environment condition. By use of the method, the instantaneous concentration of the nuclide in near ground air, time integral air concentration, ground deposition concentration, smoke plume, the [Gamma] dosage rate of ground deposition and the like can be calculated.

The invention provides a ship emission detection method and system based on a flight platform. The detection method comprises the following steps of providing a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is installed with an infrared camera, a laser range finder and a gas sensor module; making the infrared camera scan a ship, and determining a chimney position of thetarget ship and a direction of emitted smoke plume according to a scanned image; making the laser range finder measure a flight separation distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and a ship chimney, and controlling the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the flight separation distance; and making the gas sensor module measure a gas pollutant concentration of the emitted smoke plume in real time, and determining whether ship emission is qualified according to the gas pollutant concentration. The detection system comprises the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and a groundcontrol center. By using the ship emission detection method and system, fast on-line detection of non-contact ship emission is realized, and the method and the system are efficient and reliable, and have good technical effects.

A reusable perforated steel cylinder device with detachable lid that may be filled with pecan nutshells or other natural food-grade organic substances that become volatized through a pyrolitic action induced by heated air to create a flavoring smoke plume within a gas grill chamber that adsorbs onto target food items is disclosed. This design improves generation of flavoring smoke in a grill chamber due to its universal distribution of perforations, and cylindrical shape which allows the ease of smoke passage from any orientation, eases handling with standard barbecue utensils for adjustment and placement, allows rapid pyrolization initiation for improved performance and convenience at standard grill cooking temperatures, and has enhanced oxygen regulation properties through the design selection of the percentage of open surface area (at least 40%) of the assembly and allows rapid soak and drain of contents without loss.

The invention discloses an outside-tower condensed heat-medium smoke plume elimination system for flue gas, and relates to a smoke plume elimination system for desulfurized flue gas. The outside-towercondensed heat-medium smoke plume elimination system comprises a desulfurizing tower, a heat medium water closed cycle and a plate type flue gas condenser, wherein the heat medium water closed circleconsists of a temperature lowering section heat exchanger and a temperature raising section heat exchanger. Raw flue gas is cooled by heat medium water through the temperature lowering section heat exchanger and then enters the desulfurizing tower; desulfurized flue gas is cooled and dehumidified through the flue gas condenser, then enters the temperature raising section heat exchanger, and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney after being heated by the heat medium water; through the condensation, on purified flue gas, of the flue gas condenser, the reduction of the moisture content of the flue gas and the reduction of the smoke plume elimination heat load of the flue gas are realized; the purified flue gas is heated by utilizing the heat of the raw flue gas; the degree of superheat of the dehumidified flue gas is further improved; the elimination of a smoke plume and the abatement of the emissions of mill dust and water vapor are realized; as the flue gas condenser is arranged outside the system, condensed fluid separated out by the water vapor in the flue gas is discharged outside the system, and the influence cannot be generated to the water balance in the desulfurizing tower.

The invention discloses a method for a robot to initiatively search and position a smell source. The method comprises steps that firstly a used all-directional moving robot for searching and positioning a smell source is designed; an included angle between 90 degrees to 180 degrees is formed between a smoke plume finding stage robot and the robot runs along the upper wind direction; when the wind speed is smaller than a set threshold value, the robot carries out comprehensive searching based on the Z-shaped traversing method and changes the running direction when meeting a boundary; the smoke plume finding stage robot carries out swinging movement in variable step sizes and variable angles; by combining 360-degree all-directional rotation movement of the robot body, if gas is not detected, the robot carries out forward spiral-line movement in the clockwise direction; the robot body carries out 360-degree all-directional rotation movement; at a smell source positioning stage, a laser range finding sensor and a gas sensor carried by the robot are used for measuring gas concentration around a suspicious smell source so as to carry out gas source judgment, and finally the positioning is finished. Compared with the traditional smell source searching method, the provided method has high practicability and robustness.

The invention discloses an underground nuclear power station smoke plume contingency planning zone division method. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an underground nuclear power station characteristic database, scientifically selecting an initial event of an accident to improve the credibility of a computing method; establishing a cavern group structure database to put forward a natural rock shielding layer leakage assessment method; establishing a nuclear power plant environment factor database to improve atmospheric dispersion simulation accuracy. The disadvantage of the traditional smoke plume contingency planning zone is improved by use of the method disclosed by the invention, and a new necessary computing flow is put forward; the inner zone radius, the outer zone radius and the boundary shape of the underground nuclear power station smoke plume contingency planning zone can be accurately and scientifically assessed, and an important evidence is provided for the nuclear contingency planning of the underground nuclear power. The difficulty and cost of the nuclear contingency are minimized while guaranteeing the public security.

An improved analyzer and method of analyzing the content of carbon-containing particles in samples filtered from an air stream is presented. The air stream may be, for example and without limitation, ambient air impacted by pollution; air breathed in an occupational situation such as the atmosphere in a factory or mine; or a combustion exhaust stream such as an engine tailpipe, a chimney, or a smoke plume. The analyzer may operate without the use of bottled gases, such as unfiltered air, and may be operated to provide a very large dynamic range.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring the smoke of a forest fire. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring the reflectivity and brightness temperature value of spectroscopic data, which is pre-processed, of a plurality of channels of a moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), wherein the channels are in one-to-one correspondencewith wave bands to be processed; extracting a target wave band according to the reflectivity and the brightness temperature value; clustering the reflectivity of the target wave band by using a k-means clustering algorithm, and determining an aerosol pixel in the target wave band; obtaining a Fisher classifier by using the aerosol pixel which corresponds to a smoke plume region as a training sample; and removing a cloud interference pixel by using the Fisher classifier to obtain a smoke pixel. With the obtained aerosol pixel, the problem of leaked determination for thin smoke which is spread in cloud and rain regions in the prior art is solved, the cloud pixel which interferes with the smoke pixel is removed by the Fisher classifier, interference of a water body pixel is discriminated andthen removed by using a spectrum threshold value, monitoring accuracy is improved, and requirements on smoke monitoring under the influence of different weather conditions and seasonal climates can be met.

The invention relates to an odor source location method based on a firework algorithm. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1), smoke plume finding and tracking: on the basis of an explosion mechanism of the firework algorithm, fireworks are exploded to generate sparks with a certain range (the explosion radius R), and each explosion comprises a location updating stage and a concentration information updating stage; 2) odor source determination: a firework explosion process is repeated, when an odor concentration valve C(Xi) of the current firework is detected to be larger than a preset threshold value C_max or the number of actual running iterations of the algorithm is larger than a set parameter it8a_max, the algorithm is stopped, and the final location of a robot is determined to be an odor source. With the adoption of the method, the functions of finding the smoke plume, tracking the smoke plume and locating the odor source are realized without wind direction information reference, and correction is carried out on the basis of an original firework algorithm explosion radius formula, so that the robot is effectively prevented from being in a local optimum state, the odor source can be located accurately and quickly and the search efficiency is improved greatly.

The invention is an aerosol search and rescue (SAR) grenade. A smoke signal is produced that is comparable to the smoke signal produced by a pyrotechnic grenade. An aspirating provides a propellant gas / air mixture to a reservoir of smoke material. A container configuration and gravity operated valve provide for a smoke plume only in the upward direction. The smoke grenade is useful in life rafts. It is also useful in inland areas posing a risk of fire.

The invention provides a source item release inversion and diffusion prediction method based on an integrated atmospheric diffusion model, and the method comprises the steps: 1, integrating three atmospheric diffusion models: CFD, Aermod and Calpuff, and enabling the three atmospheric diffusion models to be used for the analog calculation of different scales; 2, based on the concept of a smoke plume emergency planning area, carrying out modeling in advance by independently adopting three atmospheric diffusion models including CFD, Aerod and Calpuff for a near area, namely, an inner area of 5 km and an outer area of 10 km, of the nuclear power plant; 3, simultaneously storing various typical wind field calculations, various accident source items and release rules thereof, and concentrationchange rules monitored or simulated at feature positions in various accident scenes in a database; and step 4, when a radioactive leakage accident occurs, automatically inverting a release position and an accident type according to a concentration change rule at the characteristic position, quickly calculating a diffusion direction, a diffusion range and a severity degree of future pollution basedon real-time weather forecast information, assisting a decision maker to directionally issue an early warning in advance, and making an emergency response scheme.

The invention discloses a building outer face fire simulation apparatus, characterized by comprising: a multi-layer combustion chamber, a simulated side wall, a moving platform, an armored thermocouple probe, a heat radiation flux measuring instrument, a thermocouple patch, a glass frame, sunlight-controlled film-coated glass, simulated combustibles, a water-cooled heat flow meter, an axial fan, a DV camera, and a telescopic fireproof cornice. The multi-layer combustion chamber is formed by the lamination of two combustion chambers. The simulated side wall is combined with the wall faces with windows to form a U shaped structure. The telescopic fireproof cornice is arranged at the upper part of the lower-layer combustion chamber's windows. The apparatus of the invention can be used in the research on the fire spreading condition of the outer wall face of a high rise building under the action of an environmental wind, the research on the development characteristics of the fire flames and the smoke plume under the restrictive condition of the side wall as well as the characteristic rule of a secondary fire generated from the fire overflow at the outer side of the building into the upper layer combustion chamber, so as to provide reference to fire prevention designs for similar buildings.

A simulated smoke generator method and apparatus is provided for generating a consistent smoke plume. By using a closed loop controller to maintain at least one property, affecting one or more characteristics of the oil, at a desired level, a consistent type of simulated smoke is generated.

The invention discloses a multi-robot cooperation odor source localization method based on an improved bacterial foraging algorithm. The method comprises the following steps: a smoke plume discovery stage, a smoke plume tracking stage and an odor source confirming stage; in the smoke plume discovery stage, when an odor smoke plume is not measured by robots, a whole work space is divided into a plurality of areas by utilizing a Voronoi diagram method, and each robot executes a random smoke plume search strategy in the own corresponding work area; in the smoke plume tracking stage, when the odor smoke plume is detected by the robots, next-search directions of the robots are determined through adoption of the improved bacterial foraging algorithm, and automatic tracking of an odor is achieved; and, in the odor source confirming stage, according to odor concentration values measured at positions where the robots locate and position change scopes of the robots, a position of an odor source is determined. Multi-robot distributed-type cooperation rapid localization of the odor source is achieved, odor source searching efficiency and odor source localization precision are substantially improved, and the multi-robot cooperation odor source localization method can be applied to occasions of harmful / poisonous gas detection, searching after a disaster, rescues after the disaster and the like.

The invention discloses a metro interchange station fire disaster smoke discharge simulation experiment device which consists of a metro interchange station body model and a smoke discharge system. A station hall layer smoke discharge mechanism is same as a first-floor-underground smoke discharge mechanism in structure, and each smoke discharge mechanism consists of more than three parallel smoke discharge units. Each smoke discharge unit includes more than two straight smoke pipes, more than two m-shaped smoke pipes or more than two n-shaped smoke pipes. A second-floor-underground smoke discharge mechanism comprises more than three L-shaped smoke pipes and more than two smoke pipes in shapes of Chinese characters 'feng'. Carbon monoxide concentration measurement probes, smoke flow speed measurement probes and thermocouples uniformly distributed in a station form a smoke plume flow characteristic parameter measuring mechanism. Fire disaster detection mechanisms are arranged on a ceiling of a metro tunnel. The special metro interchange station fire disaster smoke discharge simulation experiment device can be used for researching smoke optimization control schemes and fire detection characteristics when a metro interchange station fire disaster occurs.

The invention relates to a laser measurement method and a device for the light obscuration of inorganization-emission particulate smoke plume. The device disclosed by the invention is used for measuring the light intensity of a light source and the light intensity of a signal after passing through the smoke plume simultaneously, with less interference of environment and background light; and the light-emitting end and the light-receiving end of the device are integrated; the laser emitted by a laser device in the device disclosed by the invention is reflected via a reflector at first, and then divided into a transmitting light and a reflected light by a beam splitter; the transmitting light is detected by a light source signal detector, the reflected light is beam-expanded via an off-axis parabolic mirror and then penetrates through the to-be-measured particulate smoke plume, and then reflected back to the off-axis parabolic mirror via a corner reflector at the other side of the smoke plume; the reflected light is collected by the off-axis parabolic mirror and then received by another detector; and the signals received by the two detectors are converted by an analogue / digital converter and then output to a computer. The invention aims at providing an open-circuit type measurement device for light obscuration, which is compact in structure and strong in portability; and the device is suitable for rapid and continuous detection for the light obscuration of outdoor inorganization-emission particulate smoke plume.

A method for combusting oil from an oil-containing layer floating on water as from an oil spill or well leak. In the method, an oxygen-containing gas is passed through a conduit, the oxygen-containing gas from the conduit is introduced proximate the oil-containing layer floating on water, and oil from the oil-containing layer is combusted with the oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a flame. The oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen molar flow rate sufficient to decrease the opacity of a smoke plume from the combusting oil.