The invention discloses a direct measurement device for the unsteady state force of a loading and fixing particle swarm of a shock wave. A high-pressure air source is connected with a shock wave pipe, small holes distributed in an equational manner are processed at a same radial section of a test section, one end of a wire penetrates through the small holes for connecting particle models in series to form a spherical array model which is fixed in the holes of the test section, a fixed base is arranged below the test section, four connecting rods penetrate through an upper cover plate of the fixed base so that a cage-shaped support top cover and a cage-shaped support bottom cover are fixedly connected with each other, one end of a pressure sensor penetrates through the upper cover plate of the fixed base to the cage-shaped support bottom cover, oil is filled among inner holes of the bottom cover, the pressure sensor is connected with a high-speed data collection system, the other end of the wire penetrates through a central hole of the cage-shaped support top cover to be fixed, and a probe of a dynamic dynamometer is connected with one end of the wire by another wire and a ring buckle. The device can be used for directly measuring the unsteady state force of the loading and fixing particle swarm of the shock wave, so that the researches on an interaction mechanism of the shock wave and the particle swarm and two-phase stream features induced by the shock wave are developed.