An active sensor a method for optical illumination and detection provides low cost and high-speed
optical scanning of bio-arrays,
DNA samples / chips, semiconductors, micro-electromechanical systems and other samples requiring inspection or measurement. A plurality of illumination sources forming a parallel multi-
pixel array is used to illuminate one or more samples via an imaging
system or by placement in close proximity to the samples. The array may be a
line array or a two-dimensional array. A plurality of detectors is integrated within the multi-pixel illumination array or provided in a separate array, each
detector for detecting optical properties of the sample that results from illumination by one or more associated illumination sources. One
detector may be associated with multiple illuminators or one illuminator may be associated with multiple detectors. Filters may be integrated within the illumination path and / or detection paths to provide
wavelength and / or polarization discrimination capability and microlenses may also be incorporated within the illumination path and / or detection paths to provide focusing or imaging. The illumination sources may be provided by TFT-LCD devices,
diode emitters, organic LEDs (OLEDs), vertical cavity emitting lasers (VCELs) or other light sources that may be integrated to form a high-density illumination matrix. The detectors may be PIN photo-diodes or other suitable detectors that are capable of integration within the illumination matrix.