41 results about "Lange coupler" patented technology

The present invnetion relates to a HEMT-HBT Doherty microwave amplifier and more particularly to a microwave amplifier configured as a Doherty amplifier. The amplifier includes a carrier amplifier, a peak amplifier, a Lange coupler at the input of the amplifiers and quarter wave amplifier at the output of the amplifiers. In order to further increase the efficiency, the Doherty amplifier is formed from HEMT / HBT technology to take advantage of the low-noise performance of HEMTs and the high-linearity of HBTs to form a relatively efficient amplifier that functions as a low-noise amplifier at low power levels and automatically switches to high-power amplification for relatively high-impact RF power levels.

The invention discloses a simulated reflection type I-Q vector modulation circuit based on a GaAs (Generally accepted Auditing standards) HBT (Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor) device, mainly solving the problems of large chip-occupied area ratio and high cost of the traditional modulation circuit and comprising a 3-dB Lange coupler (1), two simulated reflection type attenuators (6, 7) and a 3-dB Wilkinson power combiner (10), wherein the straight-through port of the 3-dB Lange coupler is outputted to one input end of the power combiner (10) after directly subjected to phase shift by the first attenuator (6), and the coupling port of the 3-dB Lange coupler is outputted to the other input end of the power combiner (10) after directly subjected to phase shift by the second attenuator (7), wherein the collector electrodes of a gallium arsenide hetero-junction bipolar transistor of each simulated reflection type attenuator are respectively connected with resistors R3 and R4 in parallel for reducing a reflection factor gamma when Vb is equal to 0, and the transmission electrodes of the gallium arsenide hetero-junction bipolar transistors are respectively connected with inductors L1 and L2 in series for offsetting a parasitic effect generated by the HNT device. The invention can be used for generating I-Q modulation signals or carrying out frequency conversion.

The invention relates to a predistorsion linearizer for a power amplifier operating in the microwave range, the linearizer comprising means for conferring gain and phase predistorsion which compensate the gain and phase non-linearities of the corresponding amplifier, in particular an amplifier of the electronic tube type. The linearizer is characterized in that it comprises: a "linear" first path comprising a Lange coupler having each of its two accesses grounded via a respective passive element, and a "non-linear" second path comprising a Lange coupler having each of its two accesses grounded via a respective active element, the addition of a transmission line of variable length in at least one of the two paths enabling the (non-constant) frequency response of the linearizer to be adjusted in order to compensate the response of the amplifier that is to be linearized.

A system and method for the fabrication of high reliability high performance Lange couplers (optionally including capacitors (1011), inductors (1012), multi-layer interconnects (1013), and resistors (1014)) on various thin film hybrid substrate surfaces (0501) is disclosed. The disclosed Lange coupler method first employs a thin metal layer (0502) deposited and patterned on the substrate (0501). This thin patterned layer (0502) is used to provide both lower electrodes for capacitor structures (0603) and interconnects (0604) between upper electrode components. Next, a dielectric layer (0705) is deposited over the thin patterned layer (0502) and the dielectric layer (0705) is patterned to open contact holes (0806) to the thin patterned layer. The upper electrode layers (0907, 0908, 1009, 1010) are then deposited and patterned on top of the dielectric (0705). The resulting Lange coupler structure has significantly improved electrical performance over the prior art, while incorporating overall structural integrity superior to that of the prior art.

The invention discloses a broadband balance power amplifier based on GaN. The broadband balance power amplifier based on the GaN comprises a Lange coupler, a microstrip transmission line, a Banding metal wire, a filter inductor, a stabilizing resistor and a wide band gap GaN-based HEMT. A biasing circuit of the power amplifier comprises a T-shaped connector, the microstrip transmission line, the filter inductor, the stabilizing resistor and the GaN-based HEMT, the GaN-based HEMT (H) is an HEMT pipe core with the type of NRF01-02a, and a four-line 3dB coupling Lange coupler with the characteristic impedance of 50 ohms is selected and used as the Lange coupler. The broadband balance power amplifier based on the GaN is simple in structure and low in cost, the Lange coupler is adopted for constructing the structure of the balance power amplifier, a multi-section impedance matching technology is adopted for designing an input / output matching network, the power amplifier broadband characteristics are achieved, and within the 115-315 GHz frequency band, the power amplifier linear gain is larger than 12 dB, and the saturation output power is larger than 8 W.

A system and method for the fabrication of high reliability high performance Lange couplers (optionally including capacitors (1011), inductors (1012), multi-layer interconnects (1013), and resistors (1014)) on various thin film hybrid substrate surfaces (0501) is disclosed. The disclosed Lange coupler method first employs a thin metal layer (0502) deposited and patterned on the substrate (0501). This thin patterned layer (0502) is used to provide both lower electrodes for capacitor structures (0603) and interconnects (0604) between upper electrode components. Next, a dielectric layer (0705) is deposited over the thin patterned layer (0502) and the dielectric layer (0705) is patterned to open contact holes (0806) to the thin patterned layer. The upper electrode layers (0907, 0908, 1009, 1010) are then deposited and patterned on top of the dielectric (0705). The resulting Lange coupler structure has significantly improved electrical performance over the prior art, while incorporating overall structural integrity superior to that of the prior art.

The invention discloses an ultra wide band high-linearity active phase shifter. The ultra wide band high-linearity active phase shifter comprises a Lange coupler, ultra wide band amplifiers, a vector synthesis amplifier, an active Balun and a digital analog converter. The ultra wide band high-linearity active phase shifter is characterized in that a radio frequency signal is inputted into the Lange coupler, the Lange coupler generates an I-route signal and a Q-route signal, the wide band of the I-route signal and the wide band of the Q-route signal are orthogonal, the I-route signal and the Q-route signal are outputted into the I-route ultra wide band amplifier and the Q-route ultra wide band amplifier respectively, the I-route ultra wide band amplifier and the Q-route ultra wide band amplifier amplify the I-route signal outputted by the Lange coupler and the Q-route signal outputted by the Lange coupler respectively to generate four routes of orthogonal signals with the equal amplitude, and the four routes of orthogonal signals with the equal amplitude are outputted to the vector synthesis amplifier, the vector synthesis amplifier receives a phase and amplitude control signal outputted by the digital analog converter and a quadrant selection control signal outputted by the digital analog converter, conducts signal synthesis, phase selection and quadrant selection on the four routes of orthogonal signals which have the equal amplitude and are outputted by the I-route ultra wide band amplifier and the Q-route ultra wide band amplifier, and then outputs an I-route phase shifting signal and a Q-route phase shifting signal to the active Balun, and the active Balun conducts impedance matching on the phase shifting signals and outputs the phase shifting signals.

The invention relates to a predistorsion linearizer for a power amplifier operating in the microwave range, the linearizer comprising means for conferring gain and phase predistorsion which compensate the gain and phase non-linearities of the corresponding amplifier, in particular an amplifier of the electronic tube type. The linearizer is characterized in that it comprises: a "linear" first path comprising a Lange coupler having each of its two accesses grounded via a respective passive element, and a "non-linear" second path comprising a Lange coupler having each of its two accesses grounded via a respective active element, the addition of a transmission line of variable length in at least one of the two paths enabling the (non-constant) frequency response of the linearizer to be adjusted in order to compensate the response of the amplifier that is to be linearized.

A phase shifter for altering the phase of a radio frequency signal is disclosed herein. A Lange coupler is used having reflective ports that are coupled to artificial transmission lines. The artificial transmission lines provide a reflection transmission path, the length of which can be determined by digital control lines. Transistors placed along the length of the central trace provide independent paths to ground that serve to shorten the electrical length of the ATL. Accordingly, by selectively turning the transistors on / off, the electrical length of the ATL can be selected and thus the amount of phase delay introduced by the phase shifter.

The invention discloses a micro-strip multi-directional power divider / combiner based on flexible connection. The micro-strip multi-directional power divider / combiner comprises a cavity and a micro strip. The cavity comprises an upper cavity body and a lower cavity body, an upper surface power dividing network is arranged in the upper cavity body, a lower surface power combining network is arranged in the lower cavity body. The upper surface power dividing network comprises an upper cavity circuit, and the lower surface power combining network comprises a lower cavity circuit. The micro strip comprises an upper cavity circuit input micro strip body, an upper cavity circuit output micro strip body, a lower cavity circuit input micro strip body and a lower cavity circuit output micro strip body. The upper cavity circuit comprises an upper cavity input connector, a 16-circuit power divider, a power amplifier chip and a Lange coupler, wherein the upper cavity input connector, the 16-circuit power divider, the power amplifier chip and the Lange coupler are sequentially connected. The lower cavity circuit comprises a lower cavity output connector and an 8-circuit power divider, wherein the lower cavity output connector is connected with the 8-circuit power divider. The upper cavity circuit is connected with the lower cavity circuit through a flexible cable. The micro-strip multi-directional power divider / combiner has a wider working band and higher power dividing / combining efficiency, and is small in size, large in heat dissipation area, low in machining accuracy and easy to assemble.

The invention discloses a microwave and millimeter wave monolithic integration power amplifier, which comprises an input Lange coupler, an output Lange coupler, a first amplification branch connected to the through output end of the input Lange coupler and the through input end of the output Lange coupler, and a second amplification branch connected to the coupling output end of the input Lange coupler and the coupling input end of the output Lange coupler; the first amplification branch and the second amplification branch comprise the same three stages of amplifier circuits; the three stages of amplifier circuits include a first-stage amplifier circuit, a second-stage amplifier circuit and a third-stage amplifier circuit which are connected in sequence. The microwave and millimeter wave monolithic integration power amplifier has high gain (greater than 19 dB) and high output power (greater than 36 dBm), and is stable under the rated work conditions, and can be widely applied to all kinds of electronic fields, radars and wireless communication systems.

The invention discloses a miniaturized Lange type numerical control monolithic integrated phase shifter. The phase shifter comprises a Lange coupler and a reflection type phase shift circuit, whereinthe Lange coupler adopts a coupling line broadside coupling mode for coupling, the coupling line forms an annular structure, the reflection type phase shift circuit comprises an inductive load circuitand a capacitive load circuit, the inductive load circuit comprises an inductor, a first transistor and a resistor, the inductor and the first transistor are connected in series, and the first transistor and the resistor are connected in parallel; the capacitive load circuit comprises a capacitor and a second transistor, the capacitor is connected with the second transistor in series, and the second transistor is grounded; the invention provides a miniaturized Lange type numerical control monolithic integrated phase shifter to solve the problems that in a complex phased array circuit, the area is too large due to part of phase shifter structures, and the length-width ratio of a layout is too large, so that integration is not easy.

The invention relates to a jumper structure of a Lange coupler, which substantially comprises an input port, a throughway port, a coupling port and an isolate port. The input port, the throughway port, the coupling port and the isolate port are respectively connected with a copper wire; a jumper used for connecting is arranged between the copper wires; a bonding pad is arranged at the joint of the jumper and the copper wire. The Lange coupler jumper can be realized by the following method and steps: a printed plate is arranged according to the junction of the input port, the throughway port, the coupling port and the isolate port and is assembled in a circuit box; the bonding pad is arranged at the positions where the jumper is required, the jumper is welded on a circuit printed board by an electric iron. The jumper structure has the advantages that the adoption of the copper wire taking the place of a spun gold and the bonding pad jumper structure can realize the Lange coupler manufactured by an ordinary printed plate process, which gains better effect; the jumper also has the advantages of excellent electrical properties, simple structure, simple implement method, comparatively small volume, good anti-vibration effect and good high and low temperature indexes and so on.

The invention provides a 3dB Lange coupler for bearing 1,000W and a fabrication method thereof. The 3dB Lange coupler comprises a substrate, wherein an input port, a coupling port, a direct-through port, an isolation port, a plurality of finger-shaped microstrip lines and a plurality of bonding alloy wires are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of finger-shaped microstrip lines are connectedamong the ports, the bonding alloy wires are connected among the finger-shaped microstrip lines, the length L1 between an outer side of the isolation port and an outer side of the input port is 8.634millimeters, the width W1 between an output side of the input port and an outer side of the coupling port is 2.518 millimeters, the height H of the substrate is 1 millimeter, the widths W of the finger-shaped microstrip lines are all 0.100 millimeter, and the distance W4 between adjacent finger-shaped microstrip lines is 0.084 millimeter. The 3dB Lange coupler for bearing 1,000W is small in sizeand can bear 1,000W input power with wide pulse width being 3ms and large duty ratio being 30%.

A Lange coupler having a first plurality of lines on a first level and a second plurality of lines on a second level. At least one line on the first level is cross-coupled to a respective line on the second level via electromagnetic waves traveling through the first and second plurality of lines. The first and second plurality of lines may be made of metal, and the first level may be higher than the second level. A substrate may be provided into which the first and second plurality of lines are etched so as to define an on-chip Lange coupler.

One embodiment of the invention discloses a broadband six-bit MMIC numerical control phase shifter. The phase shifter comprises a 5.625-degree phase shifting unit, a 11.25-degree phase shifting unit, a 22.5-degree phase shifting unit, a 45-degree phase shifting unit, a 90-degree phase shifting unit and a 180-degree phase shifting unit. The 5.625-degree phase shift unit adopts a series inductance parallel switch structure; the 11.25-degree phase shift unit, the 22.5-degree phase shift unit and the 45-degree phase shift unit adopt T-shaped phase shifter structures; the 90-degree phase shift unit adopts a reflection type structure composed of a Lange coupler and a reflection terminal; and the 180-degree phase shift unit adopts a structure of a balanced-unbalanced converter and a single-pole double-throw switch.

The invention discloses a quadrature mixer circuit, which comprises a power divider module, a Lange coupler module and a double-balanced mixer module, wherein the power divider module converts a radiofrequency input signal into a first radio frequency signal and a second radio frequency signal which have the equal amplitude and the same phase; the Lange coupler converts a local oscillator input signal into a first local oscillator signal and a second local oscillator signal which are equal in amplitude and orthogonal; and the double-balanced mixer module receives the radio frequency signal and the local oscillator signal and outputs four intermediate frequency signals with phase differences of 90 degrees.

The invention discloses a wideband intermatch power amplifier. The wideband intermatch power amplifier comprises an input port, Lange couplers, bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuits, stabilizing networks, power chips and an output port, wherein the input port is connected with a first port of the first Lange coupler; a third port and a fourth port of the first Lange coupler are respectively connected with inputs of the first bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuit and the third bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuit; the input terminal of the first bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuit is connected with the input of the first stabilizing network; the output of the first stabilizing network is connected with a first terminal of the first power chip; a second terminal of the first power chip is connected with the input of the third bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuit; the output of the third bandpass filtering impedance transforming circuit is connected with a first port of the second Lange coupler. The wideband intermatch power amplifier can draw both wide band and high gain indicators into consideration, utilizes the Lange couplers for power synthesis, improves the input and output standing waves and facilitates front-and-back-stage multi-tube cascade application.

The invention provides a microstrip type Lange coupler, and the coupler comprises a substrate, a first short finger line, a first long finger line, a second short finger line, a second long finger line and a first inductor, wherein the two ends of the second short finger line are connected with the two ends of the first short finger line respectively, and the first long finger line is located between the first short finger line and the second short finger line; the two ends of the second long finger line are connected with the two ends of the first long finger line respectively, and the secondlong finger line is located on the side, away from the first long finger line, of the second short finger line. The substrate is provided with an input port, a straight-through port, a coupling portand an isolation port. The first inductor is connected with the first short finger line and the input port. According to the microstrip type Lange coupler, the first inductor is connected with the first short finger line and the input port, so that the return loss of returning to the input port from the straight-through port, the coupling port and the isolation port can be reduced; moreover, the length of the microstrip line can be reduced, so that the size of the microstrip type Lange coupler can be reduced.

The invention discloses a production technology of a Lange coupler. The production technology comprises a leader line widening electroplating technology and a leader line gold wire pressure point bonding technology, wherein the leader line widening electroplating technology comprises the following steps: firstly electroplating leader lines on a clean ceramic substrate, then widening electroplating at the gold wire pressure point positions of the leader lines, carrying out gold wire lead bonding at widened leader line positions, and enabling gold wire pressure points to be fixedly connected with corresponding gold lines of the Lange coupler by regulating and controlling the bonding parameters such as pressure, temperature and time. The production technology is simple in technology, low in cost and high in welding reliability, the microwave characteristics of the Lange coupler are adjusted by controlling the quantity of gold wires and the bridging arch rise of gold wires, the Lange coupler manufactured by using process combination parameters is used for amplifier design, the Lange coupler can work under the condition of 50 W stably, the input and output standing wave within 6 to 18 GHz is smaller than 1.4 dB, the in-band loss is smaller than 0.35 dB, and the production technology has excellent index performances.

The invention discloses a noise coefficient auxiliary measuring apparatus including a circuit board which includes a low-frequency radio frequency input interface, a low-frequency radio frequency output interface, a high-frequency radio frequency input interface, a high-frequency radio frequency output interface, a cathode power supply interface, an anode power supply interface, and a ground interface. The low-frequency radio frequency input interface and the low-frequency radio frequency output interface are connected with first lange couplers, two first branches are connected between the two first lange couplers, and each first branch includes a first low-noise HEMT tube and a first coupling circuit. The high-frequency radio frequency input interface and the high-frequency radio frequency output interface are connected with second lange couplers, two second branches are connected between the two second lange couplers, and each second branch includes a second low-noise HEMT tube and a second coupling circuit. The measuring apparatus improves the accuracy of the noise coefficient of a low-noise and low-gain radio frequency receiving system by means of a spectrum analyzer and a noise source, and realizes the low-cost and high-accuracy measurement of noise coefficients.

The patent relates to asymmetrically biased high linerrity balanced amplifier,and more particularly to a microwave amplifier configured as a Doherty amplifier. In particular, the amplifier includes a carrier amplifier, a peak amplifier, a Lange coupler at the input of the amplifiers and quarter wave amplifier at the output of the amplifiers. In order to improve isolation between the amplifiers to minimize the dependence of each amplifier's inter-modulation (IM) performance on the others, matching networks are provided, coupled to the output of the amplifiers. In addition, the microwave power amplifier includes electronic tuning which allows for improved inter-modulation distortion over a wide input power dynamic range, which allows the IM performance of the microwave amplifier to be adjusted for the operating frequency of the amplifier.

A phase shifter for altering the phase of a radio frequency signal is disclosed herein. A Lange coupler is used having reflective ports that are coupled to artificial transmission lines. The artificial transmission lines provide a reflection transmission path, the length of which can be determined by digital control lines. Transistors placed along the length of the central trace provide independent paths to ground that serve to shorten the electrical length of the ATL. Accordingly, by selectively turning the transistors on / off, the electrical length of the ATL can be selected and thus the amount of phase delay introduced by the phase shifter.

The invention provides a 3*3 Butler matrix. The matrix comprises a first Lange coupler, a second Lange coupler, a third Lange coupler and several short circuit branches. Through cascade connection ofthe multiple Lange couplers and a microstrip line, a stable 120 degree phase difference in a three-beam antenna matrix can be realized, an implementation mode of the microstrip line is low in cost, and is good in stability, batch welding is convenient and a radio frequency cable is easily connected to form a complete machine. Besides, a Lange bridge is innovatively adopted to replace a branch linecoupler scheme, characteristics of a small size, an ultra-wide band and high isolation are possessed, and the matrix adapts to a development trend of miniaturization and wideband of a base station antenna, and has a very high application prospect and a use value.

The invention discloses a function-switchable ultra-wideband power feed network, comprising a first double-section ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider, a second double-section ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider, a third double-section ultra-wideband power divider, and a third double-section ultra-wideband power divider Wilkinson power divider, multimode resonator, reference phase shift line unit, first open-circuit Lange coupler, second open-circuit Lange coupler, first short-circuit Lange coupler, second short-circuit Lange coupler, first single-pole double-throw switch S1 and a second SPDT switch S2. The invention relates to the field of antenna communication. By rationally configuring each double-section ultra-wideband Wilkinson power splitter, open-circuit and short-circuit Lange couplers, multi-mode resonators and reference phase-shift line units, a dual-polarization feeder that can be flexibly switched is formed. The circuit structure of the electric or circularly polarized feeding network reduces the area occupied by the antenna feeding network, realizes the multi-function of the antenna and reduces the production cost.

The invention relates to a triad buoy antenna, which comprises a waterproof sealing structure body; the waterproof sealing structure body includes a pedestal, a beidou satellite communication antenna, 9 GHz antenna and a VHF antenna; wherein, the beidou satellite communication antenna and the 9 GHz antenna are arranged in the sealing structure body; the beidou satellite communication antenna adopts a multilayer microstrip antenna structure and realizes orthogonal feeding and transmitter and receiver isolation through a Lange coupler circuit; the 9 GHz antenna adopts a shaped microstrip array structure which is formed by the 6 pairs of two units microstrip patch antennas which are shaped in a bracket of a hexagonal prism; the VHF antenna reuses the pedestal and the bracket of a hexagonal prism as a radiator, one end of which is connected with a VHF matching network used for impedance matching. The beidou communication antenna, the 9 GHz antenna and the VHF antenna are used by being matched with the communication equipment arranged inside a buoy, thus realizing telecommunication, middle-range communication and short-range communication respectively.

The invention discloses a frequency multiplier. The frequency multiplier comprises a first Lange coupler, a first transmission circuit, a second transmission circuit, a second Lange coupler and a first filter circuit, wherein the first Lange coupler responds to input signals, so as to form a first transmission signal and a second transmission signal which have the same amplitude and phase difference; the first transmission circuit is connected with the first Lange coupler and used for receiving the first transmission signal from the first Lange coupler and conducting frequency doubling amplification and fundamental wave suppression on the first transmission signal; the second transmission circuit is connected with the first Lange coupler and used for receiving the second transmission signal from the first Lange coupler and conducting the frequency doubling amplification and the fundamental wave suppression on the second transmission signal; the second Lange coupler is connected with the first transmission circuit and the second transmission circuit and used for merging signals transmitted by the first transmission circuit and the second transmission circuit, so as to provide output signals with the third harmonic generation; the first filter circuit is connected to the second Lange coupler and used for further suppressing and filtering fundamental waves and outputting relatively pure triple frequency harmonic.

The invention discloses a single-balance absorption type amplitude limiter. The amplitude limiter comprises a lange coupler, a first-stage geminate transistor, a second-stage geminate transistor, a third-stage geminate transistor, a fourth-stage geminate transistor, a fifth-stage geminate transistor, a sixth-stage geminate transistor, an input port, an isolation output port, a coupling output port and a straight-through output port, wherein the input port is connected with the input port of the lange coupler through a microstrip line; the isolation port of the lange coupler is connected with the isolation output port through a microstrip line; a coupling port of the lange coupler is connected with the first-stage geminate transistor through a microstrip line; the first-stage geminate transistors are connected with the second-stage geminate transistors through microstrip lines; the second-stage geminate transistor is connected with the third-stage geminate transistor through a microstrip line; the third-stage geminate transistor is connected with the coupling output port through a microstrip line; a straight-through port of the lange coupler is connected with a fourth-stage geminate transistor through a microstrip line; the fourth-stage geminate transistor is connected with the fifth-stage geminate transistor through a microstrip line; the fifth-stage geminate transistor is connected with the sixth-stage geminate transistor through a microstrip line; and the sixth-stage geminate transistor is connected with the straight-through output port through the microstrip line.