174 results about "Butler matrix" patented technology

A transmitter is provided for simultaneously transmitting a plurality of signals in a plurality of directive beams to corresponding destination stations, each destination station located in a separate fan within a service area. The transmitter includes a plurality of beamformers, each beamformer receiving one of the signals to be transmitted to an associated fan, each of the beamformers having a plurality of outputs for each different signal to be transmitted. A plurality of Butler matrices each receive one of the plurality of outputs from the plurality of beamformers for each different signal to be transmitted, each Butler matrix having a plurality of outputs in phased relationship to one another, wherein each of the signals to be transmitted is simultaneously provided across the outputs of each Butler matrix in a phased relationship. An antenna is provided with an aperture within which a two-dimensional array of antenna elements are disposed, wherein equal fractions of adjacent antenna elements are connected to the outputs of each Butler matrix, and wherein each of the plurality of signals are simultaneously transmitted by the entire two-dimensional array of antenna elements. Each of the plurality of beamformers receives steering control signals for steering the direction of each beam within its respective fan.

A multibeam antenna for forming multiple beams includes an antenna array and a Butler-matrix feeder circuit. The antenna array is composed of 2.sup.n main antenna elements and a group of 2.sup.n or less auxiliary antenna elements placed at either one or both sides of the main antenna elements. Antenna power is supplied to the antenna array from the Butler-matrix feeder circuit and is distributed to all the antenna elements with higher power to the elements located in the middle of the array and lower power to the elements located at sides of the array. Phase of the power supplied to the main antenna elements is shifted by 180-degree, and the phase-shifted power is distributed to predetermined auxiliary antenna elements. Thus, sidelobes associated with antenna beams are reduced and the beam directivity is improved.

Examples of the present invention include a radar apparatus comprising a substrate, an antenna disposed on a first side of the substrate, a Butler matrix supported by same the substrate, output ports of the Butler matrix being electrically connected with a group of radiative elements; and input ports configured to be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit may be supported proximate or adjacent the substrate.

A radar apparatus comprises a substrate having first and second sides, an antenna including radiative elements disposed on the first side of the substrate, a Butler matrix supported by the substrate having input and output ports, where each output port of the Butler matrix is electrically connected to a group of radiative elements, and input connections between a radio-frequency (RF) circuit and the input ports of the Butler matrix. The RF circuit may be supported by the second side of the substrate.

The coupling circuit described herein comprises passive analog components for coupling a transceiver to an antenna, such as an antenna array. The coupling circuit transforms an input signal into an appropriate format for each element of the antenna array. The coupling circuit comprises a coupling network having a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs. The inputs provide quadriphase versions of at least one input signal. In one embodiment, the coupling circuit performs a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the input signal. In another embodiment, the coupling circuit performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the input signal. In still another embodiment, the FFT performed by the coupling circuit implements a Butler matrix.

The invention is suitable for the field of antennae, and provides an electric tilt antenna and a base station. The electric tilt antenna comprises an antenna reflector used for adjusting wave beams, a phase shift network of an unequal-amplitude Butler matrix used for shifting the wave beams to form two wave beams having a preset included angle, and an assembly, wherein the antenna reflector, the phase shift network and the assembly are parallelly arranged from top to bottom and fixedly connected together through supports; the upper surface of the antenna reflector is provided with four rows of bipolar radiation units used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves; and the assembly comprises a feed network with phase shift function and a transmission structure used for adjustingan electronic down tilt, which are connected together. The phase shift network of the unequal-amplitude Butler matrix shifts the wave beams to generate two independent wave beams having the preset included angle, so that a single sector can be upgraded into two sectors under the condition of not obviously influencing adjacent base stations; therefore, the aims of widening a coverage area and expanding capacity are fulfilled.

A short slot directional coupler includes a dielectric substrate having both surfaces each covered by a metal film, a first via-hole string and a second via-hole string, each of which has via-holes penetrating through the substrate, and formed so that a distance between the first via-hole string and the second via-hole string is narrow at a center of a length direction of the string and wider along directions of both ends of the string, and a pair of third via-hole strings each having via-holes penetrating through the substrate, and formed between parts adjacent to both ends of the first via-hole string and parts adjacent to both ends of the second via-hole string to form a first post-wall waveguide along with the first via-hole string and a second post-wall waveguide along with the second via-hole string.

A mm-wave antenna apparatus with beam steering function that includes: a Butler Matrix feeding network; a plurality of power combiners, each power combiner having one input and N outputs, configured to apply equal phase and power to a phase distributed output signal generated by the Butler Matrix feeding network and to generate N processed signals; and a plurality of millimeter wave switched beam planar antenna arrays having at least 1.5 GHz of bandwidth and located on a top low loss dielectric substrate, each antenna array of N elements, configured to obtain direct and narrow width beams from the N processed signals combined by each power combiner.

A short slot directional coupler includes a dielectric substrate having both surfaces each covered by a metal film, a first via-hole string and a second via-hole string, each of which has via-holes penetrating through the substrate, and formed so that a distance between the first via-hole string and the second via-hole string is narrow at a center of a length direction of the string and wider along directions of both ends of the string, and a pair of third via-hole strings each having via-holes penetrating through the substrate, and formed between parts adjacent to both ends of the first via-hole string and parts adjacent to both ends of the second via-hole string to form a first post-wall waveguide along with the first via-hole string and a second post-wall waveguide along with the second via-hole string.

The invention discloses a Butler matrix structure for a beam-forming network, which is provided with a plurality of wave beam ports and a plurality of antenna array ports, wherein the plurality of wave beam ports are used for receiving corresponding input radio frequency signals; the plurality of antenna array ports are used for outputting coherent signals to a plurality of corresponding antenna array units; the plurality of wave beam ports for receiving the corresponding input radio frequency signals correspond to at least one antenna wave beam pattern responding to the corresponding input radio frequency signals; and the plurality of wave beam ports and the plurality of antenna array ports are mutually connected by a network in between consisting of a plurality of coupling power divider units and a plurality of phase shifter units. The structure is etched on a three-layer printed circuit board and has the advantages of small volume, wide bandwidth range, excellent consistency and stability, high insulation and the like.

The invention relates to a driving anti-collision radar device for an automobile. The driving anti-collision radar device comprises an antenna array, a Butler matrix multi-beam feedback distribution / synthesizer, a millimeter wave receiving and transmitting assembly, a waveform generator, an intermediate-frequency amplification circuit, a signal processing circuit, a display and alarm module and a power supply module. The waveform generator generates modulation voltage, outputs the modulation voltage to the millimeter wave receiving and transmitting assembly, generates a transmitting signal, and outputs the transmitting signal to the Butler matrix multi-beam feedback distribution / synthesizer for beam forming; and the transmitting signal is radiated by the antenna array, reflection echoes are transmitted to the Butler matrix multi-beam feedback distribution / synthesizer by the antenna array for signal synthesis, an intermediate-frequency beat signal is output by down conversion, the intermediate-frequency amplification circuit amplifies the intermediate-frequency beat signal, and the intermediate-frequency beat signal is input to the signal processing circuit for sampling, analyzing, processing, displaying and prewarning. The device is high in beam switching speed, low in cost, high in reliability, large in search area, and strong in anti-jamming performance, and can be widely applied to the fields of various complex industrial fields and driving safety of automobiles.

An antenna system, including: a TRX array module, an antenna element array module, a feeding network module and a Butler matrix module, is provided. The TRX array module includes multiple active TRX submodules and is configured to generate transmission signals that have undergone digital beam forming. The antenna element array module includes multiple antenna elements and is configured to transmit the transmission signals. The feeding network module is configured to form a vertical beam characteristic of the antenna element array module before the antenna element array module transmits the transmission signals. The Butler matrix module is configured to form a horizontal beam characteristic of the antenna element array module before the antenna element array module transmits the transmission signals. The antenna system reduces the feeder loss, reduces the labor and equipment costs, and enables the vertical and horizontal beam characteristics of the antenna to be adjusted more conveniently.

The invention discloses a dual-polarization three-beam antenna and a feed network device thereof. The dual-polarization three-beam antenna comprises a metal substrate, at least four rows of antenna arrays, first polarization power dividers, second polarization powder dividers, a first polarization Butler matrix feed network and a second polarization Butler matrix feed network, wherein the numbers of the first polarization power dividers and the second polarization power dividers are the same with the number of the antenna arrays, each polarization Butler matrix feed network comprises a Butler matrix and a power divider, and the Butler matrix comprises a first electric bridge, a second electric bridge, a third electric bridge, a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter. The antenna structure can form three fixedly-oriented dual-polarization wave beams in a horizontal direction and form a fixedly-oriented dual-polarization wave beam in a vertical direction, an overlapping region among the three wave beams in the horizontal direction is small, the number of device RRU can be increased, and thus, the data capacity is increased. In the dual-polarization three-beam antenna, the data capacity of the antenna is increased, the dual-polarization three-beam antenna has the advantages of good interference resistant effects, stable performance, simplicity in structure and light weight, and is easy to install, the cost can be effectively reduced, and the demand of a stadium or a large-area coverage region is met.

An amplifier system includes a power divider for dividing an input RF signal into M RF signals of equal power and phase. The system has M low power selectable phase shifters each for phase shifting one of the M RF signals. M high power amplifiers are coupled to respective ones of the phase shifters. The system includes an M×N power distribution network having M input ports and N output ports, such as a Butler matrix. The M high power amplifiers are connected to a respective one of the M input ports of the distribution network. The phase of the M phase shifters may be adjusted to obtain a maximum output at the desired output with all the other outputs nulled.

In an exemplary embodiment, a monolithic active solution is configured to generate the fixed spatial beams of a Butler matrix operation or a Blass matrix operation. The exemplary Butler matrix comprises active RF hybrids and vector generators, and is designed for broadband performance in an ultra-compact size, which is size independent of the operating frequency. Furthermore, an exemplary Blass matrix comprises vector generators, active power combiners, and active power splitters. The Blass matrix is designed for broadband performance in an ultra-compact size, which is size independent of the operating frequency. Both the exemplary Butler matrix and exemplary Blass matrix may be configured generate steerable beams. Advantages of both the exemplary Butler matrix and exemplary Blass matrix include that they have neutral or slight positive power gain rather than high losses, and have ultra broadband range which enables operation over multiple frequency bands.

The present invention provides a reduced or compact sized Butler matrix with improved performance for use in beam forming antennas and beam forming networks (BFN) applications. The reduced or compact size of the Butler matrix is enabled by shorter transmission lines between the hybrid elements as a result of using multi-layer support surfaces with substantially parallel and overlapping hybrid elements disposed thereon. Moreover, the conductive through traces of the hybrid elements have inwardly projecting and mutually approaching portions, thereby decreasing the distance between the inputs and outputs of the hybrid elements and thus reducing the size of the Butler matrix. Comparing to antennas implemented using traditional Butler matrices, antennas incorporating the present matrix can approximately reduce effective antenna area by half in bi-sector array applications, and are more suitable for complex beam forming antennas such as downtilt antennas or arrays.

The invention relates to a 3*3 Butler matrix. The 3*3 Butler matrix includes a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a first fixed phase shifter, a second fixed phase shifter and a third fixed phase shifter. The invention also relates to a 5*6 Butler matrix. The 5*6 Butler matrix includes a first 3*3 Butler matrix, a second 3*3 Butler matrix, a fourth directional coupler, a fifth directional coupler, a power divider, a fourth fixed phase shifter and a fifth fixed phase shifter. The 3*3 Butler matrix and the 5*6 Butler matrix provided by the present invention are advantageous in small size, wide frequency band, low loss, high isolation and stable performance, bright application prospect and great value. With the 3*3 Butler matrix and the 5*6 Butler matrix adopted, blank in specific technical schemes can be filled.

The invention relates to a dual-polarization three-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station, which comprises a metal floor board, at least three lines of mutually parallel linear aerial arrays, at least three first power dividers, at least three second power dividers, a first Butler matrix feed network and a second Butler matrix feed network. Each line of linear aerial arrays is composed of at least two same aerial radiation units. The antenna structure of the dual-polarization three-beam antenna can form three dual-polarization beams with fixed directing in the horizontal direction and a single dual-polarization beam with the fixed directing in the vertical direction, and interference between the three beams in the horizontal direction is small. The three-beam antenna made by using the technical scheme of the dual-polarization three-beam antenna is good in anti-interference effect, stable in performance, large in signal capacity, easy to install and capable of effectively reducing cost, and well meets user requirements.

A novel implementation of a planar 4x4 RF Butler matrix layout is disclosed that permits, by moving the beam ports to the interior of the layout, for combining beam ports that are not disposed on the same side of the layout without the imposition of long delay times or crossover points. The implementation admits of using microstrip and / or stripline technologies.

The invention provides a device for realizing millimeter-wave-radar wide-area long-distance target detection and a detection method. The device comprises an antenna array, an antenna array controller,a millimeter wave processing component and a signal control component. The antenna array is controlled by the antenna array controller. The millimeter wave processing component is connected to the antenna array through the antenna array controller. The signal control component is connected to the millimeter wave processing component. The radiation direction angles of the different array elementsof the antenna array are different. The antenna array controller is used to start a target array element corresponding to a current time sequence in the antenna array according to a preset time sequence. In the invention, through controlling the distance between adjacent radiation units, the antenna array capable of emitting wave beams with different directions is realized, and the structure of the acquired antenna array is light and compact; and simultaneously, a complex Butler matrix network, a radio frequency phase shifter and an amplifier can be prevented from using, which is good for designing and realizing.

A Butler Doherty power amplifier suitable for wireless communications systems comprising of a Butler matrix network and a Doherty power amplifying stage, is disclosed. The Butler matrix network which consists of an input processing stage comprising a first hybrid or coupler, a first phase difference setting stage, a second hybrid or coupler, and a second phase difference setting stage, a plurality of power amplifier driver stages, a third hybrid or coupler and a plurality of phase setting stages is capable of accepting an RF input signal, maintaining equal power sharing in a plurality of power amplifier driver stages and supplying the Doherty power amplifying stage with independently controlled drive signals. The Doherty power amplifying stage which consists of a carrier power amplifier with an associated matching network, a peaking power amplifier with an associated matching network, a plurality of phase setting stages and Doherty combining network, is capable of accepting drive signals from the Butler splitting stage, amplifying these signals with high efficiency under Doherty operation and providing the resultant signal to an output load. The Butler matrix network facilitates the optimal distribution of power to the constituent stages of the Doherty amplifier such that optimum linearity and efficiency is maintained for high peak to average ratio RF signals.

The invention relates to a high-power synthesizer for a light satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR). A signal is input to a power divider (in a case of a single feed source, the signal is directly input to an electronic switch), the signal is output to a certain port of an input Butler matrix by the electronic switch, the input Butler matrix is used for performing power division on the signal according to a certain phase relation, the signal is output to a phase shifter group for phase error compensation, the signal is output to a pulse power amplifier group for power amplification after being subjected to phase error compensation by the phase shifter group, the pulse power amplifier group outputs the signal to an output Butler matrix, the output Butler matrix is used for synthesizing the signal to a corresponding output port according to the selective relation of the previous electronic switch, and finally the signal passes through a circulator and then enters an antenna feed source to form corresponding emission wave beams. By adopting the technology disclosed by the invention, the development bottleneck of aerospace high-power pulse power amplification and the on-orbit failure risk of a high-power electronic switch can be avoided, the high-power synthesizer is simple to implement and is high in reliability, and moreover, the wave control function of antenna wave beam switching can be achieved.

The invention provides a dual-polarization eight-wave-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station. The dual-polarization eight-wave-beam antenna comprises an antenna array, a Butler matrix power feed network, a power divider group and a metal substrate. The antenna array is located on the upper face of the metal substrate, and the Butler matrix power feed network and power dividers are located below the metal substrate. Eight narrow wave beams with fixed directivity are formed on the antenna in a horizontal direction, interferences among the eight wave beams are low, and each wave beam has two polarization manners. The antenna disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of high capacity, broad frequency band, low side band and wide radiation range. According to the invention, the defects that a fixed wide wave beam is commonly adopted for the antenna of the traditional mobile communication base station, space diversity is needed, the anti-jamming capacity is poor and the like are overcome, and the communication capacity of the mobile communication base station is improved.

A broadband butler matrix device includes a 90° branch-line hybrid coupler having an input terminal provided at one side thereof and configured to receive an input signal through the input terminal, and distribute and output the received signal such that the distributed signals have a phase difference of 90°. Further, the broadband butler matrix device includes a 45° broadband phase shifter configured to change the phases of the signals outputted through the 90° branch-line hybrid coupler, using an open and short stub having an electrical length of 45°.

The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna with the radiation pattern reconfigurable. The antenna with the radiation pattern reconfigurable comprises a Butler matrix module, a phase shift feed network module and an antenna oscillator array; the Butler matrix module is electrically connected with the phase shift feed network module, and the Butler matrix module or the phase shift feed network module is electrically connected with the antenna oscillator array, wherein the Butler matrix module is used for outputting multipath feed signals; the phase shift feed network module is used for regulating the phase of each path of feed signals in the multipath feed signals; the multipath feed signals with the phase adjustable feed a plurality of antenna oscillator units, the beam width of the antenna radiation pattern varies with the phase of the multipath feed signals, and the inclined angle of the antenna radiation pattern varies with the phase of the multipath feed signals. By means of the antenna with the radiation pattern reconfigurable, the antenna can adapt to a building with a complicated layout, and the building can be effectively covered.

An antenna has multiple antenna elements, with a beam forming Butler matrix, having antenna ports and input / output ports, with each of said antenna elements being connected to a respective port of the beam forming Butler matrix. Transceiver circuitry is connected to each of the input / output ports of the beam forming matrix by means of respective distinct transmit and receive paths and a respective duplexer. Individually controllable gain control elements are located in each of the transmit and receive paths. These can be controlled in response to signal strength measurements made by the antenna.

The invention discloses a broadband three-wave-beam array antenna. The broadband three-wave-beam array antenna comprises a metal reflecting plate, a radiation unit array, a plurality of phase compensating circuits, a plurality of beam forming networks and 3x3 Butler matrix circuits, wherein the radiation unit array comprises M subarrays; each subarray comprises N radiation units which are arranged along a horizontal direction; at least one subarray is deviated in the horizontal direction; the plurality of phase compensating circuits are used for performing phase compensation on the subarrays deviated in the horizontal direction; the plurality of beam forming networks comprise two 3x3 Butler matrix circuits and two power distribution networks; and the 3x3 Butler matrix circuits comprise first input ports for forming first wave beams, second input ports for forming second wave beams, and third input ports for forming third wave beams. A scheme in which the radiation units in different lines are deviated in the horizontal direction according to a certain rule is adopted, and certain phase compensation is added for the deviated radiation units in a feed network to restrain grating lobes.

The invention discloses an interwoven and polarized multi-beam antenna, comprising at least one dual-polarized antenna element, a first Butler matrix and a second Butler matrix; the dual-polarized antenna element comprises a positive 45-degree polarized first antenna element and a negative 45-degree polarized second antenna element; the first Butler matrix is connected with the first antenna element, so that the first antenna element transmits first target beams; and the second Butler matrix is connected with the second antenna element, so that the second antenna element transmits second target beams. The first target beams and the second target beams are staggered, and the polarization characteristics of any two adjacent first target beams and second target beams are different, so that the complexity, loss and cost of realizing the Butler matrixes can be reduced effectively, and the interferences between adjacent multiplex beams can be reduced effectively.

The invention provides a novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network and belongs to the field of microwave engineering. The Butler matrix feed network is arranged between the wave beam port of wave beam forming equipment and the antenna port of an antenna array and is realized through a micro-strip circuit manner; the Butler matrix feed network is machined on double-faced copper-plated PCBs (Printed Circuit Board); the PCBs are stuck together back to back and are symmetrically placed up and down; three 3-decibel 90-degree directional couplers are arranged on one PCB and residual one coupler is arranged on the other PCB; and vertical metal through holes are machined on the PCBs to replace a jumper in a traditional structure, so as to realize signal transmission between the two layers of the PCBs. According to the novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network, the structure of the Butler matrix feed network is greatly simplified and the volume is reduced; and a broadband Schiffman phase shifter is matched with three branched branch wire directional couplers to expand the bandwidth of a Butler matrix, so that the relative bandwidth of the feed network is more than 25%.

The invention relates to a receive (or send) antenna for a geosynchronous satellite of a telecommunications system intended to cover a territory divided into areas, the beam intended for each area being defined by a plurality of radiating elements, or sources, disposed in the vicinity of the focal plane of a reflector. The antenna includes at least one first matrix each input of which is connected to a radiating element and each output (or input) of which is connected to a corresponding input of an inverse Butler matrix by an amplifier and a phase-shifter. The phase-shifters move the areas or correct pointing errors.