626 results about "Hydraulic structure" patented technology

An asymmetric tetrahedral vortex generator that provides for control of three-dimensional flow separation over an underlying surface by bringing high momentum outer region flow to the wall of the structure using the generated vortex. The energized near-wall flow remains attached to the structure surface significantly further downstream. The device produces a swirling flow with one stream-wise rotation direction which migrates span-wise. When optimized, the device produces very low base drag on structures by keeping flow attached on the leeside surface thereof. This device can: on hydraulic structures, prevent local scour, deflect debris, and reduce drag; improve heat transfer between a flow and an adjacent surface, i.e., heat exchanger or an air conditioner; reduce drag, flow separation, and associated acoustic noise on airfoils, hydrofoils, cars, boats, submarines, rotors, etc. during subsonic or supersonic conditions; and, reduce radar signatures by using faceted edges with angles amenable to stealth technologies.

The invention discloses a three-dimension design cooperative working method used for hydraulic and hydro-power engineering. The method includes respectively building a foundation database corresponding to an attribute base, a model base and a graphic image base on the base that data collection, transmission and storage are conducted on terrain and geological base data of the existing engineering area, building a three-dimension geological detailed model of the hydraulic and hydro-power engineering scale through the foundation database corresponding to the attribute base, the model base and the graphic image base, utilizing the three-dimension geological detailed model as the core and utilizing the attribute base, the model base, the graphic image base to correlate geological prospecting, geological mapping and analysis, hydraulic structure three-dimension modeling and scheme analysis, construction organization scheme design and an optimization analysis method. The method achieves three-dimension integrated environment and cooperation analysis of geology- water project- construction cooperative design and analysis of hydraulic and hydro-power engineering by a geology- dam engineering, geology- underground construction and geology- slope engineering three-dimension visualization cooperative analysis method.

The invention discloses a closed-type rotary hydraulic system for a crane. The system comprises a closed-type hydraulic pump (10) and a rotary motor (20), wherein an oil outlet of the closed-type hydraulic pump (10) is connected with an oil inlet of the rotary motor (20); and an oil outlet of the rotary motor (20) is connected with an oil inlet of the closed-type hydraulic pump (10). The system is characterized by further comprising a buffering damper (30), and the buffering damper (30) is connected in parallel with the rotary motor (20) on a hydraulic oil line. The system has very reliable stability in the starting, stopping and rotating processes, and also has a smaller hydraulic structure. The invention also discloses a crane which is provided with the closed-type rotary hydraulic system.

The invention discloses a designing method for hydraulic power of a space guide-blade centrifugal pump. An impeller hydraulic structure comprises a front cover plate, blades and a rear cover plate. The method comprises the following steps: (1) according to a given impeller geometric parameter as well as the flow rate, lift and rotation velocity value, solving a calculation method of the space guide-blade shaft surface hydraulic design parameters and a control algorithm of a guide-blade shaft surface shape and blade mold-line bezier curve on the basis of a binary flow theory; carrying out the hydraulic optimization design for space guide blades according to the method; (2) controlling streamlines on the upper cover plate shaft surface and streamlines on the shaft surface of the lower cover plate of the space blades by adopting a ternary Bezier curve equation, and adjusting the shaft surface streamlines on the basis of the variation rule of a guide-blade shaft surface flowing area; (3) controlling the vane mold-line arrangement angle distribution principle of the space blades by adopting a quartic Bezier curve equation; (4) adopting the data obtained in the steps (1) to (3) as dimensional parameters of the centrifugal pump space blades, and manufacturing the centrifugal pump space blades meeting the design requirement. The designed space blade can reduce the hydraulic loss in the vanes, improve the flowing situation inside the blade and improve the operation stability and hydraulic efficiency of the centrifugal pump.

The invention discloses a hydraulic structure seepage property distributed optical fiber sensing integrated system and a method. The system comprises a special optical fiber for seepage measurement, an optical fiber calibration device, an optical fiber laying device, and a seepage property identification device. After the optical fiber calibration device calibrates the special optical fiber for seepage measurement on site, the special optical fiber for seepage measurement is laid and tested with the aid of the optical fiber laying device, and the special optical fiber for seepage measurement is connected to the seepage property identification device for information collection, processing and analysis after successful test. By adopting the system and the method, a long optical fiber can be calibrated efficiently, and the bending curvature of the long optical fiber can be controlled and measured reliably. By combining the special optical fiber for seepage measurement with a self-controlled heat source and a seepage property identification technology based on femtosecond pulse, the seepage property of a hydraulic structure can be sensed with high precision and high spatial resolution, at high sensing speed and at long distance.

The invention discloses a hydraulic structure, which comprises a soil foundation and a water body impermeable and ventilated structure supported by the soil foundation, wherein the water body impermeable and ventilated structure comprises a waterproof ventilated particle layer which is positioned on the soil foundation and has the waterproof ventilated particle diameter of 20 to 3,500 microns, the compactedness of over 90 percent and the thickness of at least 1cm. The impermeable and ventilated structure of the hydraulic structure prevents water leakage depending on the principle of enhancingthe surface tension of the water so as to fulfill the aim of impermeability, and simultaneously reduces the surface tension of gas so as to make the gas easily pass through the waterproof ventilated particle layer. Therefore, the impermeable and ventilated structure has dual functions of impermeability and ventilation. Because the waterproof ventilated particle layer consists of impermeable particles, the hydraulic structure has liquidity, can automatically repair the soil foundation or cracks caused by crustal movement, can be communicated with atmosphere and can effectively improve the ecological environment of the water body.

The invention relates to a land airship which is composed of a machine casing, a steering rudder, guardrails, tires, a landing rack, a water wheel drive, an automobile assembly, an engine arranged in the machine casing, a navigation and control system and a weapon attack system. A rotor wing sternpost rudder is not needed, angle adjustment blades are arranged in the tires, blade angles can be closed, the land airship can drive on roads, and the land airship can vertical take off by increasing the blade angles to improve rotating speed. The land airship can be of a hydraulic structure or mechanical structure. The engine is connected onto the tires, the landing rack and the water wheel drive through a hydraulic transmission system or a mechanical transmission system. The control system adjusts automobile direction, tire folding, tire front flying inclination angles, tire inner blade angles and landing rack stretching and contracting through a servo motor control hydraulic system in sensing and numerical control mode. A continuous voyage emergency landing emergency hedge appliance is arranged in the land airship. The land airship has the advantages of being small in volume in taking off and simple in structure and capable of finishing vertical take-off and landing on roads and narrow spaces in courtyards, is three-purpose and can timely cope with various driving conditions in the sea, in the land and in the air.

The invention discloses a hydraulic structure, and a base seepage condition distributed optical fiber identification system and a method thereof. The system comprises a specially-produced self-controlled heat source seepage single-mode optical fiber, an optical path coupler and a synchronous controller, the synchronous controller is connected with a mode locked laser, a polarization beam splitter, an isolator, a grating pair, a diffraction grating, a reflector, a beam splitter, a nonlinear crystal, a spectrometer and a Michelson interferometer, the output end of the Michelson interferometer is connected with the optical path coupler, the output end of the optical path coupler is connected with a detector and a second optical splitter respectively, the detector is connected with a digital signal processor, the second optical splitter is connected with the digital signal processor through an amplification circuit, and the digital signal processor is connected with the synchronous controller and a gatherer respectively. The system and the method have the advantages of high precision, high spatial resolution, high sensing speed, long distance monitoring, and realization of the flowing and automation of monitoring and condition identification of the hydraulic structure in bad environment and the base seepage thereof.

The invention discloses a permanent beam template made of a fiber woven mesh reinforced cement based composite material and a method for manufacturing the permanent beam template. Sections of the template are concave, and grooves are formed inside the sections. The permanent beam templates serve as beam templates in the beam pouring stage of structures such as industrial and civil building structures, hydraulic structures and harbor structures and also serve as protecting plates and outer protecting layers for the structures after pouring forming to bear partial loads. The template is made of the non-metallic fiber woven mesh reinforced cement based composite material, a steel wire mesh reinforced cement based composite material and the like, and the permanent beam template has the advantages of being simple to manufacture, convenient to use, high in durability and good in cracking control performance.

The invention relates to a low resistance hydraulic cavitation structure with a microchannel heat exchange enhancing function. The low resistance hydrodynamic cavitation structure mainly comprises a substrate flat plate, wherein a plurality of cooling microchannels are uniformly arranged on the substrate flat plate in parallel, and one end of each cooling microchannel is an inlet; the other end of each cooling microchannel is an outlet, and the inlet is provided with a flow distribution cavity; the outlet is provided with a liquid collection cavity, and a converging-diverging hydraulic structure for inducing a cavitation phenomenon is arranged in each cooling microchannel between the flow distribution cavity and the liquid collection cavity; the ratio of the length of the throat section of the converging-diverging hydraulic structure to the width of each cooling microchannel is 0.1 to 1, the taper angle of the inlet of the converging section of the converging-diverging hydraulic structure is 15 degrees to 45 degrees, and the taper angle of an outlet of the diverging section of the converging-diverging hydraulic structure is 15 degrees to 90 degrees. The low resistance hydraulic cavitation structure provided by the invention has the advantages of enhancing microchannel heat exchange, reducing the loss of flow resistance of liquid, and reducing the additional pump power input caused by inducing cavitation.

The present invention relates to a rotary-drum hydraulic-impact abrasion testing machine, which is used to process an abrasion test and a damage simulation for a plurality of hydraulics structures and comprises: a rotary-drum supporting framework, a rotary-drum and a plurality of sample fixing assembly. The sample fixing assembly at least comprises a housing, a first spacer and a plurality of first studs. In which, there are a plurality of sample openings formed on the side wall of the rotary-drum for respectively accommodating the hydraulics structure samples, and each sample opening is disposed with a long blocking plate and a short blocking plate on the two sides thereof. In the present invention, the rotary-drum hydraulic-impact abrasion testing machine is used to simultaneously execute the abrasion test and the damage simulation for multi hydraulics structures precisely.

The invention discloses a deformation monitoring and state early-warning method for a hydraulic structure of a sluice station, thereby determining operation state of the hydraulic structure, performing real-time early warning on unsafe states and ensuring safe operation of water conservancy project. The method particularly comprises the steps of a step of selecting an engineering monitoring point; a step of acquiring monitoring information; a step of analyzing and comparing monitoring information; a step of processing an analysis result; and a step of performing state early-warning. The deformation monitoring and state early-warning method can realize functions such as issuing monitoring information and data analysis result and engineering state early-warning; real-time analysis is performed on the safety of a sluice and a pump station building so that personnel masters the deformation amount of the building in time and analyzes the change trend; furthermore a suggestion is brought forward for engineering management, engineering inspection and engineering maintenance, thereby ensuring safe operation of engineering equipment; and furthermore the personnel monitors the engineering state of the sluice station by means of terminal equipment, thereby facilitating management operation for the sluice station and improving operation efficiency.

The invention discloses a porous inflow hedging energy dissipation structure of a hydraulic structure. The hydraulic structure comprises an overflow dam and an absorption basin, wherein a water body flows through the top of the overflow dam; the absorption basin is arranged behind the overflow dam; the bottom of the absorption basin is connected with the overflow surface of the overflow dam; protective edge walls of the absorption basin are connected with edge walls of the overflow surface of the overflow dam; the top of the overflow dam is provided with multiple gate piers for dividing a water body flowing area into multiple holes, so that the water body is discharged into the absorption basin from the multiple holes; and the protective edge walls are symmetrically provided with steering edge wall sections at the downstream of the head part of a hydraulic jump by 50-80 m for narrowing an outlet of the absorption basin, so that the water current discharged from the holes of the overflow dam flows through the narrowed outlet of the absorption basin to realize the rising of the water surface in the absorption basin so as to achieve quick transition of the flowing state of the water current from rapid current to slow current. The structure has such advantages as prominent energy dissipation effect and low construction cost of the hydraulic structure.

The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring the leakage of a hydraulic structure body. The device comprises a plurality of leakage monitoring modules distributed in the hydraulic structure body, wherein each leakage monitoring module comprises first leakage monitoring units distributed up and down, second leakage monitoring units distributed left and right, and a telescopic support connected with the first leakage monitoring units and the second leakage monitoring units at the same time; leakage measuring optical fibers are distributed in the first leakage monitoring units and the second leakage monitoring units; the leakage condition of the hydraulic structure body is monitored through the leakage measuring optical fibers. The device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of no heating, distribution and synchronism, and has prominent advantages on the aspects of reducing the monitoring cost, promoting the monitoring precision and the engineering practicability and the like; according to the monitoring method disclosed by the invention, the leakage monitoring modules are flexibly arranged in the hydraulic structure body, and the position and direction of leaked water are obtained through the calibration of the optical fibers and the comparison of the leakage measuring optical fibers, so that the method is simple in operation and accurate in result.

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a quality inspection method of hydraulic structures based on BIM, comprising the following steps: a true three-dimensional real scene model of a plant area is established based on a tilt photography method of an unmanned aerial vehicle; lightweight 3D real-time model is imported into BIM cloud platform for color difference analysis, and the analysis results of concrete structure leakage and seepage flow are presented in BIM cloud platform; outputting analysis results containing actual coordinates and field images. Compared with that prior art, Its advantages are: Based on the tilt photography method of UAV, with the ability of fast collection, the real-time three-dimensional model of sewage treatmentplant area is established, which truly reflects the concrete structure status of the site, and the high-score image shows its texture. Compared with the traditional manual query method, it is more efficient, can query in a large range in a short time, and avoids the safety risk of manual query.

The invention discloses a two-way water blocking gate valve type working gate which comprises a plane gate, a hydraulic hoist and water stopping components, wherein the plane gate is inserted into a gate slot; the hydraulic hoist is used for driving the plane gate to move up and down along the gate slot; the water stopping components are arranged on a water sealing seat plate of the plane gate; hyperbolic tread simply supported wheels which are matched with the track of the gate slot in a rolling way are arranged on edge beams at two sides of the plane gate positioned at the downstream side; sliding blocks which are matched with the track of the gate slot in a sliding way are assembled on edge beams at two sides of the plane gate positioned at the upstream side; a top water stopping component and side water stopping components are arranged on the board surface at the downstream side of the plane gate; a bottom water stopping component is arranged at the bottom edge of the plane gate; and the end part of a piston rod of a hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged with a lifting lug at the top of the plane gate through a self-lubricating joint bearing. The invention solves the problem of blocking upstream water and downstream water sand by the working gate under the condition of higher content of tail water in silt-laden rivers, optimizes the arrangement of hydraulic structure, provides the convenience for later engineering operation, and simultaneously saves the cost.

The invention discloses a hydraulic design method for a double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller. The double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller structurally comprises a front cover plate, blades and a rear cover plate. The hydraulic design method comprises the steps that (1) the main hydraulic geometrical parameters of the double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller are worked out based on a velocity coefficient method; (2) the shapes of the axial surfaces of the blades are controlled based on a quadratic Bezier curve control algorithm; (3) the molded line installation angles of the blades are controlled based on a quartic Bezier curve control algorithm; (4) optimization design is conducted on the double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller based on a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) II; and (5) the double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller according with the given flow, the given lift, the given pump efficiency and the given rotating speed value is manufactured by using the data obtained in the step (1) to step (4) as the dimension parameters of the double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller. By the adoption of the double-blade non-block centrifugal impeller designed through the method, the flow capacity and the anti-twining capacity of the impeller can be improved, the internal flowing condition of the impeller is improved, and the operating stability and the hydraulic efficiency of the impeller are improved.

The invention discloses a crossed scraping-impacting composite drill bit belonging to the field of rock blasting tools for drilling equipment for oil and gas, mine engineering and building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology and the like. The crossed scraping-impacting composite drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a fixed cutting structure, a disc cutter cutting structure and a hydraulic structure, wherein the fixed cutting structure, the disc cutter cutting structure and the hydraulic structure are arranged on the drill bit body; the drill bit body is also provided with an impact cutting structure; and the impact cutting structure comprises a force transferring mechanism for transferring impact forces and impact cutting teeth, wherein the impact cutting teeth are solidified on a punch arranged at the tail end of the force transferring mechanism, and the punch can slide or slidingly impact relative to the drill bit body in the impact force transferring direction. Compared with a drill bit for blasting a rock in a cutting way, the crossed scraping-impacting composite drill bit is not only beneficial to the drilling of the cutting teeth of the drill bit to stratums and the increment of the rock blasting efficiency, but also beneficial to the retardance of the wear rate of the cutting teeth and particularly has remarkable technical advantages for higher-strength and stronger-abrasiveness stratums which are difficult to drill.

The invention discloses a process for repairing the surface wounds of concrete with basalt fiber plaster which is high strength and abrasion resistance. The repairing steps comprise firstly conducting chiseling, cleaning and curing moisture holding for the repair surface, and then brushing binding agent on the repair surface, then brushing basalt fiber plaster after slightly drying, and finally conducting the curing. The invention primarily proposes a process for repairing the large area wound such as surface concrete aging, carbonizing and peeling and cracking and the like on the hydraulic structure such as locks, dams and bridges and the like through preparing basalt fiber plaster which is high strength and abrasion resistance with chopped basalt fiber. The experiment shows that the surface concrete of hydraulic structure which is repaired has excellent mechanic property, impact abrasion resistance and excellent durability such as permeability resistance and anti-freezing, and favorable binding property, can meet the technical requirements of high speed sand inclusion current abrasion and corrosion resistance and ship attack and the like. And the repairing process has simple technology, low cost and excellent effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric and hydraulic engineering hydraulic structures, and particularly provides a high elastic die cushion type composite dam. The composite dam comprises a concrete face plate, a cushion layer area, a transition area, an upstream major stone pile area and a downstream minor stone pile area, wherein the concrete face plate, the cushion layer area, the transition area, the upstream major stone pile area and the downstream minor stone pile area are sequentially arranged from an upstream region to a downstream region; a high toe wall area is arranged at the bottom of the concrete face plate, the bottom of the cushion layer area and the bottom of the transition area; a lower compression area is arranged at the bottom of the upstream major stone pile area and the bottom of the downstream minor stone pile area; the lower compression area is arranged at the downstream position of the high toe wall area and below the crest level of the high toe wall area. The high toe wall area and the lower compression area are arranged, so that transformation and stress of a dam body and the concrete face plate are reduced, the standards of stone pile dams with 200 m level face plates are reached, and the technology for stone pile dams with 300 m level face plates is feasible, economical and safe.

The invention discloses a mutually-buckled type assembled anti-cracking impermeable permanent column template. Adjacent corner panels are buckled and are connected through an adhesive. The mutually-buckled type assembled anti-cracking impermeable permanent column template can be taken as a column template in a column pouring stage of structures, such as industrial and civil building structures, hydraulic structures, port structures and the like, and can be both taken as a protecting plate and an outer protecting layer of the structure after pouring molding, and can bear a part of load. According to the invention, the template can be made by the following different kinds of materials including a self-compaction ultra-high toughness cement based cementitious material (self-compaction UHTCC), a nonmetallic fiber woven net, a chopped fiber combined enhanced cement based composite material, a steel mesh chopped fiber combined enhanced cement based composite material and the like, and the mutually-buckled type assembled anti-cracking impermeable permanent column template has the characteristics of simple production, convenience for use, high durability, and capability of controlling crack developing.

The invention discloses an interlocking dismountable anti-cracking anti-seepage permanent beam template. A first corner panel and a second corner panel are connected by virtue of an adhesion agent in an interlocking manner. The beam template disclosed by the invention can be used as the beam template in a beam pouring stage of structures such as an industrial and civil building structure, a hydraulic structure and a seaport structure, is taken as a protective plate and an outer protective layer of the structure after pouring and moulding are carried out and bears a part of load. The beam template disclosed by the invention can be prepared from the following different types of materials: ultrahigh toughness cementitious composite (UHTCC), a non-metal fiber woven mesh short fiber combined reinforced cementitious composite and a steel wire mesh short fiber combined reinforced cementitious composite and has the characteristics of convenience in manufacturing, convenience in application, high durability and control over crack developing.

Disclosed is a manufactured three-dimensional convex-concave fairing with attached vortex generators, for hydraulic structures such as bridge piers and abutments, whose shape prevents the local scour problem around such hydraulic structures. The device is a conventionally made concrete or fiber-reinforced composite, or combination of both, vortex generator equipped hydrodynamic fairing that is fit or cast over an existing or new hydraulic structure around the base of the structure and above the footing. The vortex generators are positioned so as to energize decelerating near wall flow with higher-momentum outer layer flow. The result is a more steady, compact separation and wake and substantially mitigated scour inducing vortical flow.

The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering monitoring system based on three-dimensional display. The system comprises a power station control system, an upper computer, a cloud server and a terminal device. The power station control system comprises a power station data receiving management module, and a data acquisition device, a water regime monitoring module, an information query module, an alarm module and a display respectively communicated with the power station data receiving management module. A BIM model construction module is arranged in the power station data receiving management module and used for loading a BIM model of the hydraulic structure and BIM models of all monitoring instruments and reconstructing a three-dimensional BIM model of the hydraulic structure. A powerstation cluster control system and a platform management system are operated on the terminal device. The power station data receiving management module communicates with an upper computer. The upper computer is in communication with the cloud server, and the cloud server is in communication with the terminal device. By the adoption of the hydraulic monitoring system, the safety state of hydraulicstructures such as dams and workshops can be visually displayed.

The invention relates to a high-performance concrete of hydraulic structure. The invention consists of gelled material, aggregate, water and admixture, wherein, the dosage of the gelled material is 150 to 350 kg / m3 concrete, the admixture is efficient water reducing agent of the polyocarboxy acid series with a dosage of 0.5 to 4.5 percent of the total dosage of the gelled material. The ratio of the water and glue is 0.30 to 0.50. The invention has the steps as follows: adding the aggregate (sand and stone), the gelled material (concrete and fly ash), the water reducing agent and the water in a mixing machine, then stirring for 90 to 120 seconds so as to produce the high-performance concrete with hydro structure and surface density of 2400 to 2600 kg / m3. The high-performance concrete with hydro structure adopting the prescription and the method of the invention is characterized by much lower hydrous exotherm, higher cubage stability, much higher cracking resisting ability, high seeping resisting capacity, freezing resisting capacity, eroding resisting capacity and carbonization resisting capacity so as to satisfy the wearing capacity. Having high dosage of fly ash, the invention satisfies the requirement of sustainable development of the concrete technique.

The invention provides an air buffer device used for eliminating underwater near-distance explosion shock waves. The air buffer device comprises a counterweight, a gas ejector pipe, a maze type bubble channel and a flexible gasbag, wherein both the lower end and the upper end of the maze type bubble channel are open; the lower end of the maze type bubble channel is fixedly arranged on the gas ejector pipe, and the upper portion of the maze type bubble channel is connected with the flexible gasbag; the gas ejector pipe is connected with the counterweight; a gas ejecting hole of the gas ejector pipe is positioned inside the maze type bubble channel; and floating force, generated in water, of the flexible gasbag is greater than gravity, borne in water, of the maze type bubble channel. According to the air buffer device provided by the invention, air buffers which are staggered front and rear are formed in the vertical direction, and sudden change of wave impedance between an air medium and a surrounding water medium is utilized, so that a pressure peak value of shock waves can be attenuated by 90% or more, and therefore, safety of nearby hydraulic structures and other protected targets is protected, and the air buffer device has the advantages of being good in energy dissipation effect, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and the like.

A hidden hydraulic structure of a bike disc brake is integrally disposed with a bike body tube. The hidden hydraulic structure of the bike disc brake includes a base, a piston and a linking member. The base includes an oil circuit. The piston is located in the base for controlling a pressure of the oil circuit. The piston is actuated by the linking member. Wherein a shape of the base is corresponded to a shape of the bike body tube, and the base is connected with the bike body tube to form a portion of the bike body tube, thereby increasing strength of the bike body tube.

The invention relates to a large-sized adjustable container counterweight device comprising a base. A primary double-layer guide box with a sandwich structure and a plurality of secondary single-layer guide plates are arranged on the base, the secondary single-layer guide plates are at least partially accommodated in the sandwich structure in an adaptive way, the plurality of secondary single-layer guide plates are connected end to end so as to form an adjustable box body structure, and the base is also provided with double-stage oil cylinders matched with the primary double-layer guide box and the secondary single-layer guide plates. A container counterweight is employed to replace a traditional small counterweight block; a container counterweight filler can be sandy soil, can be obtained on site, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced through replacing a traditional cast iron counterweight with the container counterweight; when the container counterweight is not in use, the sandy soil is removed, only a container needs to be transported, and thus the transportation is convenient and the cost is reduced; and a certain pressure can be also applied by a hydraulic structure so as to compact the sandy soil, so that uniformity of the sandy soil in the container counterweight is ensured.

An apparatus which will be attached to a motorized vehicle such as a frontend loader having auxiliary hydraulic structure wherein the apparatus having a hydraulic motor 18 will be connected by flexible lines 58 to the auxiliary hydraulic structure. The floor covering removal apparatus will be mounted on the frontend of the frontend loader whereby an individual can angularly lower the floor covering removal apparatus blade 52 until the blade of the apparatus being forwardly mounted is in a position to scrape the floor removing carpet, tiles, and wood flooring as the motorized vehicle is operated. Optionally the hydraulic motor 18 of the floor covering removal apparatus can use the auxiliary hydraulic structure for advancing and retracting the blade 52 in rapid succession thereby providing a chopping action to the blade 52 of the floor covering removal apparatus while the apparatus performs the floor covering removal tasks. An alternate embodiment provides an enclosure 72 to the hydraulic motor.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic structures of hydraulic and hydropower engineering and particularly relates to a construction method of a 150m-300m high concrete faced rockfill dam with a cemented sand and gravel structure layer. The construction method of the 150m-300m high concrete faced rockfill dam with the cemented sand and gravel structure layer comprises the cemented sand and gravel structure layer arranged between a concrete face and a cushion area. According to the method, the cemented sand and gravel structure layer is additionally arranged between the concrete face and the cushion area to exert effects of secondary anti-seepage and support on the concrete face of the dam, and the deformation compatibility of the concrete face and the cemented sand and gravel dam is improved to solve the technical problems of collapse and damage of the concrete face of the dam caused by seepage deformation.