34 results about "Growth kinetic" patented technology

Methods of refining the grain size of a titanium alloy workpiece include beta annealing the workpiece, cooling the beta annealed workpiece to a temperature below the beta transus temperature of the titanium alloy, and high strain rate multi-axis forging the workpiece. High strain rate multi-axis forging is employed until a total strain of at least 1 is achieved in the titanium alloy workpiece, or until a total strain of at least 1 and up to 3.5 is achieved in the titanium alloy workpiece. The titanium alloy of the workpiece may comprise at least one of grain pinning alloying additions and beta stabilizing content effective to decrease alpha phase precipitation and growth kinetics.

This invention relates to the metabolic evolution of a microbial organism previously optimized for producing an organic acid in commercially significant quantities under fermentative conditions using a hexose sugar as sole source of carbon in a minimal mineral medium. As a result of this metabolic evolution, the microbial organism acquires the ability to use pentose sugars derived from cellulosic materials for its growth while retaining the original growth kinetics, the rate of organic acid production and the ability to use hexose sugars as a source of carbon. This invention also discloses the genetic change in the microorganism that confers the ability to use both the hexose and pentose sugars simultaneously in the production of commercially significant quantities of organic acids.

Genotype 7a has been identified recently, thus not much is known about the biology of this new, major HCV genotype. The present inventors developed hepatitis C virus 7a / 2a intergenotypic recombinants in which the JFH1 structural genes (Core, E1 and E2), p7 and the complete NS2 were replaced by the corresponding genes of the genotype 7a strain QC69 and characterized them in Huh7.5 cells. Sequence analysis of 7a / JFH1 recombinants recovered after viral passage in Huh7.5 cells following 4 independent transfection experiments revealed adaptive mutations in Core, E2, NS2, NS5A and NS5B. In reverse genetic studies the importance of these mutations for improved growth kinetics was shown. Adapted 7a / JFH1 viruses showed growth kinetics, infectivity and RNA titers comparable to a previously developed 3a / JFH1 reference virus. Conclusion: The developed 7a / JFH1 viruses provide a robust in vitro tool for research in HCV genotype 7, including vaccine studies and functional analyses.

The present inventors developed hepatitis C virus recombinants expressing NS5A from genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a or 7a in the context of a genotype 2a backbone. Additional recombinants express NS5A and the structural proteins (Core, E1 and E2), p7 and NS2 from genotype 1a, 1b, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a or 7a in the genotype 2a backbone. Sequence analysis of the recombinants recovered after viral passage in Huh7.5 cells revealed adaptive mutations in NS5A and / or NS3. The importance of these mutations for improved growth kinetics was shown in reverse genetic studies.

A robust and genetically stable cell culture system for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genotype 3a is provided. A genotype 3a / 2a (S52 / JFH1) recombinant containing the structural genes (Core, E1, E2), p7 and NS2 of strain S52 was constructed and characterized in Huh7.5 cells. S52 / JFH1 and J6 / JFH viruses passaged in cell culture had comparable growth kinetics and yielded similar peak HCV RNA titers and infectivity titers. Direct genome sequencing of cell culture derived S52 / JFH1 viruses identified putative adaptive mutations in Core, E2, p7, NS3, and NS5A; clonal analysis revealed that all genomes analyzed exhibited different combinations of these mutations. Finally, viruses resulting from transfection with RNA transcripts of five S52 / JFH1 recombinants containing these combinations of putative adaptive mutations performed as efficiently as J6 / JFH viruses in Huh7.5 cells and were all genetically stable after viral passage.

A method of sputter depositing dielectric thin films may comprise: providing a substrate on a substrate pedestal in a process chamber, the substrate being positioned facing a sputter target; simultaneously applying a first RF frequency from a first power supply and a second RF frequency from a second power supply to the sputter target; and forming a plasma in the process chamber between the substrate and the sputter target, for sputtering the target. The first RF frequency is less than the second RF frequency, the first RF frequency is chosen to control the ion energy of the plasma and the second RF frequency is chosen to control the ion density of the plasma. The self-bias of surfaces within said process chamber may be selected; and this is enabled by connecting a blocking capacitor between the substrate pedestal and ground.

The present invention comprises a method for fabricating hafnia film comprising the steps of providing a substrate having a surface that allows formation of a self-assembled monolayer thereon via covalent bonding; providing an aqueous solution that provides homogeneous hafnium ionic complexes and hafnium nanoclusters wherein the aqueous solution is capable of undergoing homogeneous precipitation under controlled conditions for a desired period of time at a controlled temperature and controlled solution acidity for desired nanocluster nucleation and growth kinetics, desired nanocluster size, desired growth rate of film thickness and desired film surface characteristics. The method further comprising forming the self-assembled monolayer on the surface of the substrate wherein the self-assembled monolayer comprises a plurality of hydrocarbon chains cross-linked together along the surface of the substrate, the hydrocarbon chains being uniformly spaced from one another and wherein each of the hydrocarbon chains having a functional anchoring group at a first end of the chain covalently bonded with the surface of the substrate and each of the hydrocarbon chains having a functional terminating group projected away from the surface wherein the functional terminating group provides a bonding site for the hafnium film to grow; and exposing the substrate to the aqueous solution for a desired period of time at a controlled temperature wherein the hafnium ionic complexes and the hafnium nanoclusters are deposited on the bonding site of the functional terminating group thereby forming the hafnia film wherein the hafnium bonded to the hydrocarbons and to one another provide a uniform ordered arrangement defined by the uniform arrangement of the hydrocarbons.

The invention discloses a hole-creating corrosion method for controlling a length and consistency of an aluminium foil tunnel hole. The method comprises steps of pretreatment, hoe-creating corrosion, hole-expanding corrosion, and post treatment. The invention mainly relates to the hole-creating corrosion technology. A tunnel hole growth kinetic curve of an aluminium foil in any hole-creating corrosion system and an anode maximum passivation current density of a hole-creating aluminium foil are tested; according to a needed tunnel hole length, corrosion time for each electrification, a lowest corrosion current density, and a current attenuation waveform are determined; and then an on-off hole-creating corrosion current waveform for controlling a length and consistency of a tunnel hole in a corresponding hole-creating corrosion system is obtained and electrifying corrosion is carried out by using the current waveform. According to the invention, the method is suitable for different hole-creating corrosion systems; corrosion in an aluminium foil can be carried out to obtain tunnel holes having different lengths and good length consistency. Meanwhile, tunnel holes with proper lengths can be formed according to aluminium foil corrosion with different thicknesses, so that the electrostatic specific volume of the aluminium foil can be improved effectively. The corrosion technology is suitable for a multi-V corrosion process; and compared with the one-time electrifying corrosion technology, the corrosion technology enables the production efficiency of the industrial aluminium foil corrosion to be improved obviously.

The invention provides a method for preparing recombination live vector vaccines for diseases of canid and / or feline based on an RNA (ribose nucleic acid) virus rescuing technique, which is characterized in that a recombination virus expression vector capable of expressing main protective antigens of diseases of the canid and / or the feline based on a reverse genetic manipulation system is established. A rabies virus is conjunctly transfected by the expression vector and assistant plasmids to copy a permissive host cell to rescue the recombination virus, so that multivalent live vector vaccines are prepared. The growth curve of the virus presents that the rescued maternal virus has no obvious difference from the growth kinetic of the recombination virus which expresses the protective antigen genes of main disease pathogens of the canid and / or the feline, and a foundation is established for successfully preparing gene recombination live vector vaccines of main diseases of the canid and / or the feline.

The present invention provides a numerical simulation method for improving the quality of fused molten magnesium lumps and relates to the technical field of quality optimization of fused magnesium products. The method comprises: establishing a macro-micro unified model that couples macro-heat transfer, micro-nucleation and growth kinetics; then using PROCAST software to carry out numerical simulation on the temperature field and microstructure in the process of cooling and solidifying the fused magnesium; carrying out visualization processing and result analysis and discussion on the lump overall temperature field change and the grain growth process; and analyzing the degree of undercooling of the influence trend on the microstructure of the fused molten magnesium lumps. According to the method provided by the present invention, mathematical and physical modeling and numerical simulation are carried out on the heat exchange and the microstructure formation process in the process of cooling and solidifying the fused magnesium lump, and through the control of parameters such as heat exchange conditions and the like, the organization formation is understood and controlled on the solidification rule, so that preparation is made for produce the high-grade periclase, the number of experiments is effectively reduced, manpower and material resources are saved, and the periclase product quality in actual production is improved.