The invention discloses a heat map visualization method through reverse rendering. With a single pixel point of a window as an analysis point, the distribution of adjacent data points of the single pixel point is analyzed according to an influence power superposition mode suitable for current analysis, and an influence power image is calculated and mapped to a gray level image; according to the whole distribution law of the gray level image, a graded color grading threshold is divided and obtained, the color gradient of the heat map is acquired in the adaptive mode, and the heat map is obtained through coloring. The actual geographical and spatial distribution condition of the data is thoroughly considered, influences from the map scale are little, the data features can be expressed more stably, and the data visualization effects are good. First calculation and then rendering are carried out according to the screen pixel point, influence power superposition does not depend on a renderer, different influence power superposition models can be set according to different requirements, and the method is more suitable for geographical and spatial POI analysis.