The invention belongs to the field of molecular biology, and discloses a barcode preparation method used for individual animal identity identification and / or meat product tracing and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps of selecting single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites with high heterozygosity on an animal to be identified or a meat product genome DNA to be traced and combining the SNP sites into an SNP barcode, and then using ten Arabic numbers 0-9 to randomly and uniquely replace the ten SNP gene types: A / A, T / T, G / G, C / C, A / T, A / G, A / C, T / G, T / C and G / C in the SNP barcode, forming corresponding numerical barcodes, and realizing correspondence of individual animal identities and barcodes one by one. According to the method provided by the invention, as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer is designed, the SNP sites with high heterozygosity can be obtained, and the sites can be used for preparing the SNP barcode and / or corresponding numerical barcode used for identifying the individual animal identity and / or tracing the meat product, thereby realizing individual animal identity identification and meat product tracing.