Biocompatible matrices or implants on which one or more specific
cell-interactive molecules (“biomolecules”) can be immobilized have been developed. The matrices allow for the independent control of ligand concentration and
matrix strength. In one embodiment, the matrix or
implant is modified with one or more moieties capable of complexing bioconjugates prepared from one or more biomolecules. Suitable moieties include phenyl
boronic acid complexing agents, such as
salicylhydroxamic acid, which can complex to one or more biomolecules containing one or more phenyl
boronic acid moieties. The biomolecules may be anchored to the matrix via a spacer molecule, which may allow for greater mobility of the biomolecules in
aqueous solution. In one embodiment, the matrix is a hydrogel material which has been doubly-derivatized, wherein ligand concentration and
matrix strength can be independently controlled. The matrices and implants can be used
in vivo and
in vitro applications including diagnostics, biosensors,
bioprocess engineering,
tissue engineering, regeneration and repair, and
drug delivery.