The invention discloses a two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device. The two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device comprises an emitting module and a receiving module. The emitting module comprises a single-frequency laser source (1), a beam splitter prism (2), a mobile beam splitting plate (3), a transmission type diffraction grating (5), a grating frame (6), a grating frame moving guide rail (4), a reflecting mirror (8), a reflecting mirror bracket (9), a reflecting mirror bracket moving guide rail (7), a horizontal moving table (10), a rotary table (11) and a vertical moving guide rail (12). The receiving module comprises a receiving lens (15), a probe (16) and a signal processing module (17), and is separated from the entire device. The two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device has the advantages of being capable of achieving measurement of the instantaneous speed of projectiles, solving the problem of misalignment caused by ballistic deflection when a single-point differential type Doppler system carries out measurement, and being high in system measurement accuracy, stable in structure and easy to adjust.