The invention relates to a space astronomical observation task calculation and analysis system, comprising: an object management and parameter configuration service module, a vector geometry dynamic creation service module, a time window sequence dynamic creation service module and an object visibility calculation and analysis service module. The calculation and analysis process of space astronomical observation tasks is vectorized, abstracted and integrated to design, realize the general calculation and analysis support services of vector geometry dynamic creation, time window sequence dynamic creation, and data element dynamic management, and realize the general purpose of space astronomical observation calculation related issues support. The present invention adopts the service-oriented design idea, and the space astronomical observation task calculation and analysis system performs service-oriented design to ensure that each calculation and analysis service module can be reused, loosely coupled, with clear interfaces, independently containing stateless and based on open standards, and realizes calculation and analysis Process service. The invention also relates to a calculation and analysis method, medium and equipment for space astronomical observation tasks.