The invention provides a cable and a cable component. The cable comprises a cable reinforcing core, conductors, a wrapping layer for wrapping the cable reinforcing core and the conductor, a tensile and compressive mechanism for protecting the cable, and an adaptive protection mechanism for assisting the cable to adapt to an underwater environment. The surface of the cable reinforcing core is sleeved with an inner wrapping layer, the plurality of conductors are arranged around the cable reinforcing core, and the surface of each conductor is sleeved with an insulating layer. The invention relates to the field of cables. According to the cable and the cable component, two mutually associated special structures are arranged, for the problems of cables under trees, the large pressure borne by the cable is relieved, and the underwater adaptability of the cable is enhanced, thereby effectively solving the problems that when a common cable is used underwater, the pulling time and strength of the cable are large, the cable is liable to be rolled, the internal structure of the cable is liable to be delaminated and damaged, the maintenance work difficulty of the damaged cable is large, and the cost is high.