348results about How to "Reduce hydrophobicity" patented technology

The invention provides variant heavy chain variable domains (VH) with increased folding stability. Libraries comprising a plurality of these polypeptides are also provided. In addition, compositions and methods of generating and using these polypeptides and libraries are provided.

A method for restoring hydrophobicity to the surfaces of organosilicate glass dielectric films which have been subjected to an etchant or ashing treatment. These films are used as insulating materials in the manufacture of integrated circuits to ensure low and stable dielectric properties in these films. The method deters the formation of stress-induced voids in these films. An organosilicate glass dielectric film is patterned to form vias and trenches by subjecting it to an etchant or ashing reagent in such a way as to remove at least a portion of previously existing carbon containing moieties and reduce hydrophobicity of said organosilicate glass dielectric film. The vias and trenches are thereafter filled with a metal and subjected to an annealing treatment. After the film is subjected to the etchant or ashing reagent, but before being subjected to an annealing treatment, the film is contacted with a toughening agent composition to restore some of the carbon containing moieties and increase the hydrophobicity of the organosilicate glass dielectric film.

Hydrophobic α(1→4)glucopyranose polymers with enhanced degradation properties are described. Between the α(1→4)glucopyranose polymeric portion and the hydrophobic portion exists a linker portion having a silyl ether chemistry that facilitates degradation of the polymer. Biodegradable matrices can be formed from these polymers, and the matrices can be used for the preparation of implantable and injectable medical devices wherein the matrix is capable of degrading in vivo at an increased rate. Matrices including and capable of releasing a bioactive agent in vivo are also described.

A method and device for filtration and / or purification of fluids water or other solutions containing microbiological and chemical contaminants, such as fluids containing metals, water treatment chemicals, reactive chemicals and microorganisms, where the fluid is passed through a composite material composed of fluid treatment media with or without a binder matrix in which the filtration media, binder, or support structures, or a combination thereof contains a surface treatment.

Compositions and methods for treating metal substrates and / or bonding metal substrates to polymeric materials, such as rubber, are provided. The compositions include at least one substantially hydrolyzed amino silane and at least one substantially hydrolyzed sulfur-containing silane. Optionally, the compositions include a nano-size particulate material. The compositions provide coatings on metal substrates for protecting the metal from corrosion and for adhering rubber-like polymeric compositions to the metal with polymer-to-metal vulcanization conditions less dependent on the coating thickness, and with use of less coating materials.

Bipolar plates incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products advantageously enhance the properties of the bipolar plates, leading to more efficiency within a fuel cell or a similar device.

Compositions and methods for treating metal substrates and / or bonding metal substrates to polymeric materials, such as rubber, are provided. The compositions include at least one substantially hydrolyzed amino silane and at least one substantially hydrolyzed sulfur-containing silane. Optionally, the compositions include a nano-size particulate material. The compositions provide coatings on metal substrates for protecting the metal from corrosion and for adhering rubber-like polymeric compositions to the metal with polymer-to-metal vulcanization conditions less dependent on the coating thickness, and with use of less coating materials.

A method for the preparation of hydrophilic silica gels with high pore volume. In the preferred method a hydrophilic silica hydrogel treated with an organosilicon compound to effect hydrophobing of the silica hydrogel is heated in the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature sufficient to reduce the hydrophobicity imparted by the surface treatment thereby producing a hydrophilic silica gel having high pore volume.

A modacrylic shrinkable fiber according to the present invention is containing a polymer composition obtained by mixing 50 to 99 parts by weight of a polymer (A) containing 40 wt % to 80 wt % of acrylonitrile, 20 wt % to 60 wt % of a halogen-ontaining monomer and 0 wt % to 5 wt % of a sulfonic-acid-containing monomer, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of a polymer (B) containing 5 wt % to 70 wt % of acrylonitrile, 20 wt % to 94 wt % of an acrylic ester and 1 wt % to 40 wt % of a sulfonic-acid-containing monomer containing a methallylsulfonic acid or metal salts thereof or amine salts thereof, in which a total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) is 100 parts by weight. In this way, a modacrylic shrinkable fiber that has a favorable color development property after dyeing and a high shrinkage ratio even after dyeing is obtained.

A toughening agent composition for increasing the hydrophobicity of an organosilicate glass dielectric film when applied to said film. It includes a component capable of alkylating or arylating silanol moieties of the organosilicate glass dielectric film via silylation, and an activating agent selected from the group consisting of an amine, an onium compound and an alkali metal hydroxide.

A method for producing a gas diffusion electrode in which a slurry of carbon black, alcohol, water and a tetrafluoroethylene emulsion is applied as a layer a non-Teflonized carbon cloth substrate, which is then heated to remove water. The dried coated carbon cloth is then rolled followed by heating to remove wetting agents present in the tetrafluoroethylene emulsion. The coated carbon cloth is then cooled and rolled again to produce the final end product.

Fibrous products containing a durable softening agent are disclosed. The softening agent generally comprises a polysiloxane containing a plurality of first functional groups. In order to improve the wet retention of the softening agent on cellulosic fibers, the softening agent is reacted with a retention agent. The retention agent generally comprises a cationic polymer having a second functional group. In one embodiment, for instance, the softening agent contains epoxy groups or anhydride groups, while the retention agent contains amine groups. Products that may be made according to the present invention include tissue products, wipes and other absorbent articles.

The invention relates to strong-hydrophobic porous carbon nanofiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of porous carbon fiber. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding thermosetting phenol resin and high molecular weight linear polymers into organic solvent with two proportions to be mixed until the thermosetting phenol resin and the high molecular weight linear polymers are fully dissolved, performing electrostatic spinning on the solution to form phenolic resin fiber, and carrying out curing and carbonizing to obtain the hydrophobic porous carbon nanofiber. The porous carbon nanofiber and the preparation method have the advantages as follows: the diameter, the pore structure and the hydrophobicity of the fiber can be adjusted and controlled through the change of the proportions of the solvent, the prepared carbon nanofiber has good flexibility, a developed pore structure and strong hydrophobicity, and is more conductive to practical application.

A treating agent composition for increasing the hydrophobicity of an organosilicate glass dielectric film when applied to said film. It includes a component capable of alkylating or arylating silanol moieties of the organosilicate glass dielectric film via silylation, and an activating agent which may be an acid, a base, an onium compound, a dehydrating agent, and combinations thereof, and a solvent or mixture of a main solvent and a co-solvent.

Compositions and methods are disclosed for imparting super-hydrophobic properties to cosmetics, which can be used to significantly improve water repellency compared to traditional cosmetics. The compositions comprise a hydrophobic film former, and hydrophobic particles, in an emulsion base.

Nanoparticle assemblies comprising a plurality of nanoparticles and an amphiphilic polymer, and methods for making and using the nanoparticle assemblies.

The invention relates to a quaternary amino cation modified polysiloxane softening agent and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula of the softening agent is A1BA2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing hydroxy silicone oil and silane coupling agent according to a molar ratio of 1:1-1:4, and carrying out reaction on the mixture for 4 to 24 hours at the temperature of between 25 and 105 DEG C to obtain an amino terminated siloxane intermediate; (2) carrying out reaction on the amino terminated siloxane intermediate and epoxy quaternary ammonium salt for 2 to 10 hours in a solvent under the protection of nitrogen during the whole reaction, and finally vacuumizing the mixture and removing partial solvent to obtain a sticky transparent modified polysiloxane product; and (3) diluting the modified polysiloxane product by water and organic acid to obtain transparent emulsion, and adding an emulsifying agent which is 5 to 10 percent of weight of the emulsion into the emulsion to obtain a product. Compared with the prior art, the softening agent has the advantages of good softness, fluffy feeling, hydrophilicity, extremely low yellowing property, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a gold nano particle and grapheme composite material through fast reduction. The method specifically comprises the steps of 1, preparing reduced grapheme oxide water solution by taking sodium borohydride as a reducer; 2, adding gold chloride acid in the reduced grapheme oxide water solution, and obtaining the gold nano particle and grapheme composite material in an in-situ reduction way by utilizing the reducibility of the grapheme through ultrasonic action under normal temperature; 3, centrifugally washing the obtained solution by using de-ionized water for multiple times so as to obtain the gold nano particle and grapheme composite material of which the dimension is uniform and the distribution is uniform. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the technology is simple, the preparation period is short, the repeatability is strong, environment protection is realized, and a composite product is uniform and stable; the prepared gold nano particle and grapheme composite material has good stability in water solution and is not easy to reunite, and meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of multiple reaction active sites, large specific surface area, good biocompatibility, electric conduction and the like; the method has a wide application prospect in aspects of catalyzing, sensing, environment protection, SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) and the like.

The present invention relates to methods for engineering VH domains to improve their solubility and stability. The invention provides for the incorporation of defined amino acid substitutions based on 3-D structural information into the V segments of a heavy chain locus, expressing the locus in a non-human mammal and selecting soluble VH domains. Further stabilising or solubilising mutations maybe introduced as a result affinity maturation during B-cell maturation in vivo.

Contact lenses which exhibit improved wetability are provided. In one aspect, the surface of the contact lenses may be modified using a hydrophilic layer which imparts improved wetability to the contact lens. The contact lens may be exposed to a first plasma so as to generate free radicals on the contact lens surface. An organic compound may be further reacted with the free radicals on the surface to form an organic coating. The contact lens may be exposed to a under conditions selected to oxidize the organic coating and form the hydrophilic layer. Surface modified contact lenses may exhibit contact angles with respect to water less than about 50° using a broad range of organic compounds, including alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, organosilicon, organophosphorous, organotitanium, organotin, organogermanium, and organoboron compounds. The improved wetability is also substantially maintained when the lens is subject to wear.

The invention relates to a reaction and solid-liquid separation integrated device which is developed based on long-term engagement in research on separation of wolfram and molybdenum and liquid-solid multiphase reaction, can be used in various liquid-solid multiphase reaction processes such as ion exchange, adsorption, sedimentation, crystallization, displacement, and the like, and is successfully applied for the first time in separating and reclaiming wolfram or molybdenum from wolframate solutions. The reaction and solid-liquid separation integrated device comprises an upper cover, a bottom and a cylindrical body. A stirring paddle is fixed in the center of the upper cover by an axial seal structure and is arranged in the cylindrical body; the bottom comprises a concave shell, a microporous filter plate and a liquid outlet; the microporous filter plate made by hydrophobic materials is arranged on the top of the concave shell, and the liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the concave shell; an air intake connected with an air compressor is arranged on the upper cover. The reaction and solid-liquid separation integrated device can considerably reduce loss of a solid phrase or loss of comparatively high-value substances contained in a liquid system during solid-liquid separation.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an antibacterial silk fibroin fibrous membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving silver salt into water and adding aqua ammonia to form clarifying transparent silver ammino and an ionic solution firstly; adding water-insoluble fatty alcohol, and adopting a microwave irradiation technology to prepare silver nanoparticles; adding the obtained silver nanoparticles into a prepared silk fibroin solution, mixing the obtained silver nanoparticles and the prepared silk fibroin solution, so as to form a spinning solution; then preparing the antibacterial silk fibroin fibrous membrane through a static spinning technology. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the method is simple, an interface system is regarded as a reaction medium, so that the products can be transferred between different phases, the surface adsorbent can be replaced, and good uniformity of the nanoparticles can be guaranteed; the microwave irradiation technology is adopted, so that the crystallization speed of the products can be improved, the operating steps are simple, the cost is low, the reaction speed is high, the efficiency is high, and a certain universality is provided; the nano-silver has hydrophobicity and can be dispersed into the silk fibroin solution very well, which is further in favor of preparing antibacterial silk fibroin membrane with good uniformity.

The present invention relates to a method for making an electrowetting display device comprising a plurality of picture elements and a first support plate and a second support plate. Each picture element comprises a space between the first support plate and the second support plate. The method comprises the steps of: providing the first support plate with an electrode structure; arranging an insulating layer on the electrode structure, the insulating layer having a thickness and a hydropobic surface facing the space; temporarily applying an electric field across the thickness of the insulating layer to reduce permanently the hydrophobicity of a predetermined area of the surface. The invention further relates to an electrowetting display device and a use of an area of reduced hydrophobicity in an electrowetting device.

The present invention relates to an activated coke for absorbing persistent organic pollutant like dioxin in flue gas and a preparation method thereof by using coal quality semi coke as a raw material. The preparation method is as follows: crushing the coal quality semi coke; impregnating the coal quality semi coke with an impregnating solution containing metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate activator and compound surfactant, and naturally drying; and finally activating the impregnated and dried semi coke at 800-950 DEG C to prepare the activated coke for absorbing dioxin in flue gas. The activated coke has characteristics of developed porous structure, low manufacturing cost and good adsorption effect, etc.

The invention provides a light-weight mesoporous composite aerogel material and a preparation method thereof. The light-weight mesoporous composite aerogel material comprises a MxWOyFz / SiO2 composite aerogel material, wherein MxWOyFz is a nanoparticle with visible light penetration and near-infrared light (lambda is more than or equal to 780nm) shielding functions, M is Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, y is more than 2 and less than (3+x) / 2, and z is more than or equal to 0. The light-weight mesoporous composite aerogel material is scientific and reasonable in formula and overcomes multiple problems in the prior art; the material has excellent heat insulation and medicine load and controlled release properties besides the near-infrared absorption / heat absorption and near-infrared shielding functions. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the light-weight mesoporous composite aerogel material. The preparation method is simple and feasible, and capable of realizing the industrial production of the light-weight mesoporous composite aerogel material.