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This invention relates to high melting polyolefin copolymers suitable as thermoplastic elastomers and catalysts and methods for their synthesis. These elastomeric olefin copolymers are characterized by a mole fraction of crystallizable component Xc from about 30 to about 99%; low glass transition temperatures, below -20° C., and typically below -50° C.; melting points above about 90° C.; high molecular weights; a molecular weight distribution MW / Mn< / =10; and a narrow composition distribution between chains of < / =15%. The novel copolymers of the invention range from reactor blends to multiblock copolymers that can be sequentially fractionated into fractions of differing crystallinities, which fractions nevertheless show compositions of comonomers which differ by less than 15% from the parent polymer (reactor product). The invention also relates to a process for producing such copolymers by utilizing an unbridged, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl metallocene catalyst that is capable of interconverting between states with different copolymerization characteristics, which interconversion is controlled by selecting the substituents of the cyclopentadienyl ligands so that the rate of interconversion of the two states is within several orders of magnitude of the rate of formation of a single polymer chain. Where ri>rf the polymer can be characterized as multiblock; where ri<rf, the result is a polymer blend and where ri / rf is close to 1, the resulting polymer is a mixture of blend and multiblock. The metallocene catalysts of the invention are able to interconvert between more than two states, with embodiments of four states being shown in FIG. 2.

This invention relates to high melting polyolefin copolymers suitable as thermoplastic elastomers and catalysts and methods for their synthesis. These elastomeric olefin copolymers are characterized by a mole fraction of crystallizable component Xc from about 30 to about 99%; low glass transition temperatures, below -20° C., and typically below -50° C.; melting points above about 90° C.; high molecular weights; a molecular weight distribution MW / Mn< / =10; and a narrow composition distribution between chains of < / =15%. The novel copolymers of the invention range from reactor blends to multiblock copolymers that can be sequentially fractionated into fractions of differing crystallinities, which fractions nevertheless show compositions of comonomers which differ by less than 15% from the parent polymer (reactor product). The invention also relates to a process for producing such copolymers by utilizing an unbridged, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl metallocene catalyst that is capable of interconverting between states with different copolymerization characteristics, which interconversion is controlled by selecting the substituents of the cyclopentadienyl ligands so that the rate of interconversion of the two states is within several orders of magnitude of the rate of formation of a single polymer chain. Where ri>rf the polymer can be characterized as multiblock; where ri<rf, the result is a polymer blend and where ri / rf is close to 1, the resulting polymer is a mixture of blend and multiblock. The metallocene catalysts of the invention are able to interconvert between more than two states, with embodiments of four states being shown in FIG. 2.

An electrostatic self-assembly method of fabricating electrostrictive and piezoelectric thin film assemblies not only provides a thinner film than is attainable by conventional methods, but provides excellent molecular-level uniformity and precise structural control, and thus large, effective piezoelectric coefficients. The method produces a thin film assembly including (a) a substrate, and (b) a film having one or a plurality of layers disposed upon the substrate, wherein at least one of the layers includes a dipolar material, and this layer of dipolar material has a uniform thickness of at most 500 nm.

A downhole filter comprises a tubular member having a wall defining a plurality of openings. The openings have an outer width less than an inner width. The parts of the opening defining the smaller width are defined by radially outer parts of the openings, such that particulates or sand prevented from passing through the openings will tend to be retained to the outside of the tubular member. A method comprises providing a tubular string having a non-porous tubular portion and a porous tubular portion, and installing the tubular string within a wellbore such that the porous tubular portion is located adjacent a fluid-producing formation within the wellbore. In another embodiment, an apparatus comprises a drill string comprising a non-porous tubular portion and a porous tubular portion, and an earth removal member operatively connected to a lower end of the drill string.

A programmable dopant fiber includes a plurality of quantum structures formed on a fiber-shaped substrate, wherein the substrate includes one or more energy-carrying control paths (34), possibly surrounded by an insulator (35), which pass energy to quantum structures. Quantum structures may include quantum dot particles (37) on the surface of the fiber or electrodes (30) on top of barrier layers (31) and transport layer (32) which form quantum dot devices (QD). The energy passing through the control paths (34) drives charge carriers into the quantum dots (QD), leading to the formation of “artificial atoms” with real-time tunable properties. These artificial atoms then serve as programmable dopants, which alter the behavior of surrounding materials. The fiber can be used as a programmable dopant inside bulk materials, as a building block for new materials with unique properties, or as a substitute for quantum dots or quantum wires in certain applications.

A golf putter (2) includes a head (4), a grip (6) and a shaft (8). The head (4) has a head body (h1) formed of a metal and a face member (f1) formed by an elastic material. A front surface (Ff) of the face member (f1) constitutes at least a part of a face surface (10). A siping (s1) is provided on a back surface (Bf) of the face member (f1). The siping (s1) is not provided on the front surface (Ff) of the face member (f1). It is preferable that the siping (s1) should be extended with bending. It is preferable that a ratio (Ds / Tf) of a depth (Ds) of the siping (s1) to a thickness (Tf) of the face member (f1) should be equal to or higher than 0.2 and should be equal to or lower than 0.8. It is preferable that a width (Ws) of the siping (s1) should be equal to or smaller than 1.0 mm.

A system and method for making a biomaterial device includes a support structure providing a shape for a biomaterial device. At least one applicator has a supply of biomaterial solution and is positioned along the support structure. The at least one applicator forms a biomaterial fiber by applying shear force to the biomaterial solution and delivering the biomaterial fiber to the support structure. A controller causes relative movement between the support structure and the at least one applicator, and the biomaterial fiber is arranged on the support structure according to the relative movement to form the biomaterial device. The biomaterial may be silk fibroin which may be wound onto a reciprocating and rotating mandrel. Control over the properties of the biomaterial device is achieved through appropriate selection of material processing, winding strategy, and post-winding processing.

Hydrogel compositions are provided (a) that have a continuous hydrophobic phase and a discontinuous hydrophilic phase, (b) that have a discontinuous hydrophilic phase and a continuous hydrophilic phase, or (c) that are entirely composed of a continuous hydrophilic phase. The hydrophobic phase, if present, is composed of a hydrophobic polymer, particularly a hydrophobic pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), a plasticizing elastomer, a tackifying resin, and an optional antioxidant. The discontinuous hydrophilic phase, if present, is composed of a crosslinked hydrophilic polymer, particularly a crosslinked cellulosic polymer such as crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose. For those hydrogel compositions containing a continuous hydrophilic phase, the components of the phase include a cellulose ester composition or an acrylate polymer or copolymer, and a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding thereto. Films prepared from hydrogel compositions containing or entirely composed of the aforementioned continuous hydrophilic phase can be made translucent, and may be prepared using either melt extrusion or solution casting. A preferred use of the hydrogel compositions is in wound dressings, although numerous other uses are possible as well.

A programmable dopant fiber includes a plurality of quantum structures formed on a fiber-shaped substrate, wherein the substrate includes one or more energy-carrying control paths, which pass energy to quantum structures. Quantum structures may include quantum dot particles on the surface of the fiber or electrodes on top of barrier layers and a transport layer, which form quantum dot devices. The energy passing through the control paths drives charge carriers into the quantum dots, leading to the formation of “artificial atoms” with real-time, tunable properties. These artificial atoms then serve as programmable dopants, which alter the behavior of surrounding materials. The fiber can be used as a programmable dopant inside bulk materials, as a building block for new materials with unique properties, or as a substitute for quantum dots or quantum wires in certain applications.

A polycrystalline superabrasive composite tool can be produced using high pressure high temperature processes allowing for increased thermal resistance, wear resistance and toughness of abrasive tools, and additionally allowing for increased effective thickness of abrasive tools. A polycrystalline superabrasive compact can include a support substrate and a superabrasive polycrystalline layer having a diffusion bridge embedded therein that includes a carbide former. Additionally, a working layer can be attached adjacent to the superabrasive polycrystalline layer and opposite the support substrate to form a drill bit sandwich segment. The diffusion bridge matrix of the present invention allows for a new welding phase at each interface between the superabrasive polycrystalline layer and support substrate and between the polycrystalline layer and the metal working layer, thus eliminating delamination failure at the interfaces. The superabrasive polycrystalline layer can include superabrasive particles of varying particle sizes such that the final composite tool is tailored for specific abrading characteristics. The polycrystalline superabrasive composite tools can be incorporated for use in machining, drilling, grinding, cutting, polishing and similar abrasive applications.

According to the invention a novel vegetable protein fractionation procedure is disclosed which includes a straightforward process to obtain 7S-rich (β-conglycinin-rich) and 11S-rich (glycinin-rich) isolated protein fractions with unique functional and nutritional properties desired by the food industry. The process is much simplified compared to the art and avoids multiple steps in the usual fractionation of soy protein and uses very small amounts of salts avoiding the necessity of excessive washing and desalting steps. The process yields high amounts of protein fractions with high isoflavone contents and improved functional properties.

A light control plastic lens, a sheet-like light control element, and a production method for light control plastic lenses are provided. More specifically, a light control plastic lens, such as a high index polarizing property and / or a photochromic plastic lens that is made by cast polymerization is provided. Also provided is a sheet-like light control element for use in the production of the lenses, as well as a production method of such light control plastic lenses. The light control plastic lens has a sheet-like light control element including at least a light control sheet. In particular, the light control plastic lens has a sheet-like light control element, a curable resin layer laminated on at least one surface of the sheet-like light control element, and a polymerizable lens resin layer laminated at least on the curable resin layer.

The present disclosure encompasses three-dimensional articles comprising flexible-composite materials and methods of manufacturing said three-dimensional articles. More particularly, the present system relates to methods for manufacturing seamless three-dimensional-shaped articles usable for such finished products as airbags / inflatable structures, bags, shoes, and similar three-dimensional products. A preferred manufacturing process combines composite molding methods with specific precursor materials to form fiber-reinforced continuous shaped articles that are flexible and collapsible.