The invention provides a prawn pond ecological polyculture method. Before water is introduced into the pond, a purse net is arranged at the central region of the pond; after water is introduced into the pond, prawns are bred outside the purse net, then omnivorous fishes are bred inside the purse net, meanwhile, a small amount of carnivorous fishes are bred outside the purse net in a cooperation machine, and finally, shellfishes are bred outside the purse net in a handing manner. A water drainage hole is formed in the bottom of the center of the pond, and in the cultivation process, the pond isaerated by adopting an aerator, and water in the pond rotates around the water drainage hole. According to the method, through the arrangement of the purse net, multispecies of fishes are cultured inpartition in the pond in a mixing manner, the omnivorous fishes in the purse net is beneficial to improve the water quality of the aquaculture pond and can not swim to a prawn culturing area outsidethe purse net to eat prawn feed;a proper amount of the carnivorous fishes are cultured outside the purse net in a mixing manner to eat sick and weak prawns and dead prawns, so that the propagation ofprawn diseases can be prevented and controlled; the shellfishes are cultured in the prawn culturing area in a mixing manner, so that the filter-feeding effect on organic debris and plankton can be enhanced, and further the water can be cleaned; due to polyculture of multispecies of fishes at the different partitions in the same pond, the ecological niche of the water body in the pond can be reasonably utilized, and the overall ecological benefits of culture can be improved.