451results about How to "High speed response" patented technology

A system and method for controlling the temperature of a process tool uses the vaporizable characteristic of a refrigerant that is provided in direct heat exchange relation with the process tool. Pressurized refrigerant is provided as both condensed liquid and in gaseous state. The condensed liquid is expanded to a vaporous mix, and the gaseous refrigerant is added to reach a target temperature determined by its pressure. Temperature corrections can thus be made very rapidly by gas pressure adjustments. The process tool and the operating parameters will usually require that the returning refrigerant be conditioned and processed for compatibility with the compressor and other units, so that cycling can be continuous regardless of thermal demands and changes.

A Schottky photodiode includes a semiconductor layer and a conductive film provided in contact with the semiconductor layer. The conductive film has an aperture and a periodic structure provided around said aperture for producing a resonant state by an excited surface plasmon in a film surface of the conductive film by means of the incident light to the film surface. The photodiode detects near-field light that is generated by at the interface between the conductive film and semiconductor layer the excited surface plasmon. The aperture has a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light.

The on-state characteristics of a transistor are improved and thus, a semiconductor device capable of high-speed response and high-speed operation is provided. A highly reliable semiconductor device showing stable electric characteristics is made. The semiconductor device includes a transistor including a first oxide layer; an oxide semiconductor layer over the first oxide layer; a source electrode layer and a drain electrode layer in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer; a second oxide layer over the oxide semiconductor layer; a gate insulating layer over the second oxide layer; and a gate electrode layer over the gate insulating layer. An end portion of the second oxide layer and an end portion of the gate insulating layer overlap with the source electrode layer and the drain electrode layer.

The invention discloses an automatic guided vehicle navigation control system and a navigation control method thereof. The automatic guided vehicle navigation control system comprises a central controller, sub controllers, a QR (Quick Response) code positioning system, a grid path navigation system and a goods register system, wherein the sub controllers are arranged on each automatic guided vehicle and connected with the central controller; and the QR code positioning system, the grid path navigation system and the goods register system are arranged on each automatic guided vehicle and respectively connected with the corresponding sub controller. According to the automatic guided vehicle navigation control system and the navigation control method thereof disclosed by the invention, the QR acquisition sensing technology is adopted for acquiring coordinate information of the automatic guided vehicle in a storehouse, so that unified monitoring and management are convenient; the grid path navigation system is adopted for judging the deviation between the practical operation track of the automatic guided vehicle and the predetermined track, so that two wheel differential base plates are adjusted to carry out track compensation, and therefore, the automatic guided vehicle is enabled to drive according to the planned path. Moreover, the structure is simple, the installation is convenient and the navigation transportation of the automatic guided vehicle is convenient.

In a liquid crystal display device including a blue phase liquid crystal layer, first and second common electrode layers, which are positioned to face each other, sandwich the blue phase liquid crystal layer therebetween and have opening patterns (slits), and a pixel electrode layer has an opening pattern. The pixel electrode layer is formed over a structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from a surface of a first substrate on a liquid crystal layer side, and the pixel electrode layer is positioned between the first and second common electrode layers in the liquid crystal layer. Electric fields are applied between the pixel electrode layer and the first and second common electrode layers, so that the electric fields are formed in the entire liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal molecules can be controlled by using the electric fields.

A liquid crystal lens element is provided, which can realize a small sized element having no moving part, and which has a lens function of switching the focal length among multiple focal lengths of at least 3 types according to an applied voltage. A liquid crystal lens element 10 is provided, which comprises a pair of transparent substrates 11 and 12 and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between these substrates, wherein focal lengths of light transmitted through the liquid crystal 16 is changed depending on a voltage applied to the liquid crystal 16, the liquid crystal lens element 10 has a Fresnel lens-shaped concave-convex portion 17 and a liquid crystal layer 16A, and configured so that the refractive index n of the liquid crystal layer 16A changes from a refractive index n1 at a time of no application to a refractive index n2 at a time of voltage application, a refractive index ns of the concave-convex portion 17 is a value between the refractive indexes n1 and n2 and satisfies a predetermined relation, and the maximum depth d of the concave-convex portion 17 satisfies a predetermined relation, the focal length can be switched by switching an applied voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16A under the predetermined conditions.

In a VP-SEM that uses gas multiplication induced within a low-vacuum sample chamber and uses a method of detecting a positive displacement current, a secondary electron detector for the VP-SEM that responds at high speed, which can acquire a TV-Scan rate image at a low cost while saving a space is provided. A secondary electron detector is formed by forming the electron supplying electrode and the detection electrode on the flexible thin film type substrate such as a polyimide film, etc., by an etching method. Thereby, the space can be saved while realizing low cost due to mass production. Further, the ion horizontally moving with respect to the surface of the secondary electron detector is detected and the ion moving in a vertical direction returned to the sample holder is not detected, making it possible to realize a high-speed response.

An optical ranging sensor includes a light emitting unit for projecting a light beam on an object to be measured, a light receiving unit on which a light spot of reflected light of the light beam from the object is formed, and a processing circuit unit for processing output signals from the light receiving unit and detecting a distance to the object. The light receiving unit includes an effective light receiving part having light receiving cells arranged in matrix form in a first direction in which a position of the light spot moves as the object moves along a direction of an optical axis of the light emitting unit, and in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. A size of the effective light receiving part in the second direction is not smaller than a radius of the light spot but not larger than a diameter thereof.

A system and method for controlling the temperature of a process tool uses the vaporizable characteristic of a refrigerant that is provided in direct heat exchange relation with the process tool. Pressurized refrigerant is provided as both condensed liquid and in gaseous state. The condensed liquid is expanded to a vaporous mix, and the gaseous refrigerant is added to reach a target temperature determined by its pressure. Temperature corrections can thus be made very rapidly by gas pressure adjustments. The process tool and the operating parameters will usually require that the returning refrigerant be conditioned and processed for compatibility with the compressor and other units, so that cycling can be continuous regardless of thermal demands and changes.

The subject invention provides a display element which achieves reduction in driving voltage. The display element according to the present invention includes substrates 1 and 2, at least one of which is transparent, and a medium layer 3 held between the substrates 1 and 2, the display element further including on the substrate 1 electrodes 4 and 5 for generating an electric field in a direction substantially parallel to the substrates so as to apply the electric field to the medium layer3 to cause optical modulation of the medium; and an alignment film 6 which is provided on the surface of the substrate 2. With this arrangement, the voltage level is not decreased because of the alignment film 6, and the driving voltage of the display element does not need to be increased, thereby ensuring reduction of driving voltage.

A method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element structure having a supporting substrate and a piezoelectric film supported on the supporting substrate. A first layer, and a second layer having zirconium, each provided with a perovskite structure, are formed in that order on the supporting substrate. The two layers are formed to be in contact with each other or laminated through an intermediate layer. The temperature is set to 500° C. or more at the time of formation of the layers, and cooling is subsequently provided from the formation temperature at least to 450° C. with a cooling speed of 30° C. / min or more.

The invention discloses an aerobic fermentation reaction system and method. The high-efficiency intelligent aerobic fermentation reaction system comprises an aerobic fermentation reactor, a circular water system, a gas intake and exhaust system, a detection system and a control system, wherein a water jacket is arranged outside a horizontal roller of the aerobic fermentation reactor; a material feeding and discharging hole and a gas intake and exhaust hole are respectively formed in sealing covers at two sides of the horizontal roller; the circular water system is connected and communicated with the water jacket on the horizontal roller; the gas intake and exhaust system is connected and communicated with the gas intake and exhaust hole in the sealing cover of the horizontal roller; a sensor of the detection system is arranged in the aerobic fermentation reactor and on a water passing pipe of the aerobic fermentation reactor; a signal output by the sensor is respectively connected with the control system; and the control system is used for controlling the circular water system, the gas intake and exhaust system, the aerobic fermentation reactor and external feeding and discharging conveying equipment. According to the high-efficiency intelligent aerobic fermentation reaction system and method disclosed by the invention, the occupied area is smaller and the fermentation efficiency is higher; no secondary pollution occurs; and the reduction, harmlessness and resourceful treatment of organic wastes can be quickly realized.

There is provided a compound represented by a specific formula, which has an absorption maximum at 400 nm or more and less than 720 nm in a UV-visible absorption spectrum, wherein a molar extinction coefficient is 10,000 mol−1·l·cm−1 or more at the absorption maximum wavelength, and a difference between a melting point and a deposition temperature (a melting point−a deposition temperature) is 31° C. or more.

A switching power source device includes current control pulse generating means configured of a target value setting module, which outputs a changeable value which is a predetermined target value relating to a control of an output current, a computing module, which carries out a computing process relating to the control of the output current based on the target value, and outputs a computation result, and a pulse generating module, which generates a current control pulse voltage for controlling the output current based on the computation result. The switching power source device includes a current detecting circuit, which detects the output current or a current flowing in a switching element TR1, and a current limit signal generating circuit which, when the detected current exceeds a reference value set based on the output of the current control pulse generating means, outputs a current limit signal for limiting the current. A drive pulse generating circuit, on the current limit signal being output, operates in such a way that an on-duty of a drive pulse stops widening, or becomes narrower.

A semiconductor device which is miniaturized and has sufficient electrical characteristics to function as a transistor is provided. In a semiconductor device including a transistor in which a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, and a gate electrode layer are stacked in that order, an oxide semiconductor film which contains at least four kinds of elements of indium, gallium, zinc, and oxygen, and in which the percentage of the indium is twice or more as large as each of the percentage of the gallium and the percentage of the zinc when the composition of the four elements is expressed in atomic percentage is used as the semiconductor layer. In the semiconductor device, the oxide semiconductor film is a film to which oxygen is introduced in the manufacturing process and contains a large amount of oxygen, and an insulating layer including an aluminum oxide film is provided to cover the transistor.

A method for achieving high flow in valves with small actuation distance is described. A detailed description for a silicon microvalve is provided. An algorithm is described for designing optimized valves.

A display element according to the present invention is provided with a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent; a medium between the substrates, wherein optical anisotropy magnitude of the medium is changeable by and according to an electric field applied thereon; at least one pair of electrodes for applying, on the medium, the electric field substantially parallel to the substrates; and a shielding electrode overlapping at least a display portion of at least one of the substrates, and used for shielding the display element from static electricity.

A highly reliable structure for high-speed response and high-speed driving of a semiconductor device, in which on-state characteristics of a transistor are increased is provided. In the coplanar transistor, an oxide semiconductor layer, a source and drain electrode layers including a stack of a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, a gate insulating layer, and a gate electrode layer are sequentially stacked in this order. The gate electrode layer is overlapped with the first conductive layer with the gate insulating layer provided therebetween, and is not overlapped with the second conductive layer with the gate insulating layer provided therebetween.

A display element having high response property, wide viewing angle property, and high contrast property, and exhibiting a wide driving temperature range and excellent durability and reliability. Between two facing substrates (1, 2), a cholesteric liquid crystal layer (3) made of a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase whose spontaneous twist pitch is shorter than a wavelength of visible light is provided. Facing planes of the substrates (1, 2) are provided with alignment films (8, 9) for aligning liquid crystal molecules near the interface of the substrate in a specific direction. Furthermore, the planes are provided with electrodes (4, 5) for applying an electric field on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer (3) in a direction substantially parallel to a plane of each substrate. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer (3) exhibits optical isotropy in the direction parallel to the plane of each substrate when no voltage is applied. Display is performed by applying an electric field on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer (3) so as to exhibit optical anisotropy in the direction parallel to the plane of each substrate.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus of this invention has a high sensitivity and low noise, and can be formed to have a large area at a relatively low temperature since it has a light absorption layer (310), formed of a non-monocrystalline material, for absorbing light and generating photocarriers, and a multiplication layer (301, 303, 305, 307, 309) for multiplying the photocarriers generated by the light absorption layer.

Disclosed is a turbo pump in which a pump impeller is connected to one end of a rotary shaft and a turbine is connected to the other end of the rotary shaft. The turbo pump is designed such that an equivalent region, between a turbine efficiency curve obtained on the basis of a conditional expression where the number of rotations of the rotary shaft is maintained constant regardless of a pump flow rate and a turbine efficiency curve of an actual machine, becomes an operation region.

An optical displacement meter includes: a broadband light source; a spatial filter configured to extract light under measurement of a wavelength focused on a measurement target and specify the wavelength of the light under measurement; a polarizer configured to divide the light collimated and caused to propagate in one direction into linearly polarized beams of two directions orthogonal to a propagating direction; a wavelength plate that allows passage of the linearly polarized beams to produce elliptically polarized light having a phase difference commensurate with a light wavelength; a polarized light separation element configured to divide the elliptically polarized light into polarized light components with respect to the two directions; a light receiving element configured to detect quantities of the respective polarized light components; and a computing circuit configured to perform computation of (A−B) / (A+B) by use of light quantity signals A and B detected by the light receiving element.

A liquid crystal composition that is negative in dielectric constant anisotropy, being large in the absolute value thereof and has a low viscosity; and a liquid crystal display of VA mode, etc. utilizing the same. There is provided a liquid crystal composition comprising a compound of the general formula (I) and an alkenyl compound of the general formula (II). This combination of liquid crystal compounds produces a liquid crystal composition that while substantially maintaining physical properties such as refractive index anisotropy, is low in viscosity and is negative in dielectric constant anisotropy. The use of this composition produces a liquid crystal display that is capable of maintaining a high voltage retentivity up to high-temperature region and excels in reliability. This display is highly practicable as a liquid crystal display of VA mode, ECB mode, IPS mode, etc. and is especially effective in the realization of high-speed response without the need of cell gap narrowing.

A pulse width modulation circuit includes: a reference signal generator which generates a plurality of mutually differing reference signals; a comparator which compares the reference signals and an input signal with respect to magnitude, and outputs results of the comparison as a plurality of comparison signals with mutually differing phases; and a synthesizer which, using a logical operation, outputs the plurality of comparison signals output from the comparator as a pulse width modulated signal configured of one or more binary signals.

To provide a high-quality liquid crystal display device that does not produce image sticking and that can realize high response speed, a third electrode is provided that is different from a common electrode or a pixel electrode, and a voltage applied to the third electrode is varied within one frame period to drive a liquid crystal using a strong electric field and a uniform horizontal electric field in an initial stage within one frame period, while driving the liquid crystal only with the uniform horizontal electric field in a latter stage within one frame period.

A voltage regulator, which generates and outputs a given voltage based on a preset reference voltage, includes: a detection circuit part detecting the output voltage and generating and outputting a voltage based on the detected voltage; first and second operational amplifiers each comparing the output voltage of said detection circuit part and the preset reference voltage and outputting a voltage representing a comparison result, the first operational amplifier being controlled based on control signals supplied externally and consuming a larger amount of electric current than the second operational amplifier; and an output circuit part comprising an output transistor outputting an electric current based on the output voltages of the first and second operational amplifiers.

The invention relates to a gas injection valve, in particular to an integral double-valve gas injection valve and an assembly method thereof. The integral double-valve gas injection valve comprises a valve body, a valve spool, a front valve block, a rear valve block, a moving armature and an electromagnetic coil, the valve spool is mounted in the valve body, the front valve block and the rear valve block are coaxially arranged with the valve spool, a front valve block hole matched with the front valve block and a rear valve block hole matched with the rear valve block are arranged in the inner cavity of the valve body, the front valve block and the rear valve block are fixedly connected into an undetachable integral structure through a connecting rod, the diameter of the front valve block is smaller than that of the rear valve block, and the diameter of the front valve block is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear valve block hole. By the double-valve gas injection structure, the integral double-valve gas injection valve is large in gas injection rate, high in response speed, simple in structure and easy to assemble, and problems about assembly difficulties like structure, manufacturability and sealing due to a combined double-valve structure are avoided.

An optical sensor is characterized by comprising a photoconductive material (1) which generates a carrier (4) inside when irradiated with a light or an electromagnetic wave (3), and carbon nanotube (2), and by sensing the carrier (4), which is generated within the photoconductive material (1) by irradiation of the light or electromagnetic wave (3), through change of electrical conduction of the carbon nanotube (2).

A liquid crystal lens element having a lens function is provided, which is small sized without having moving part, and which can stably carry out correction of spherical aberration containing a power component corresponding to focal point change of incident light. A liquid crystal lens element which changes a focal length of light transmitted through a liquid crystal 16 according to the magnitude of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 16 sandwiched between a pair of transparent substrates 11 and 12, which comprises transparent electrodes 13 and 14 provided on the respective transparent substrates 11 and 12 for applying a voltage for the liquid crystal 16, and a concave-convex portion 17 having a saw-tooth-shaped cross-sectional shape having a rotational symmetry about an optical axis and formed on one surface of the transparent electrode 13 with a transparent material, wherein at least concave portions of the concave-convex portion 17 are filled with the liquid crystal 16 so as to change the substantial refractive index of the liquid crystal 16 according to the magnitude of applied voltage.