The invention relates to a semiconductor refrigeration sampling device for a ceiling test. The sampling device comprises a sucking pump, a sampling pipeline, a temperature probe, a ceiling bottle, a radiating plate, a semiconductor cooler, a radiating component and a fan, wherein the sucking upm, the sampling pipeline and the ceiling bottle form a sampling channel; the radiating plate, the semiconductor cooler, the radiating component and the fan form a refrigeration channel; and the semiconductor cooler provides a cold source. Compared with the prior art, the sampling device has the advantages that: the size is mall, the weight is light, a mechanical transmission part is not arranged, the refrigeration rate can be convenient to adjust by adjusting working current, the service life is long, the controllability is high, the environmental properties are high, the economy is good and the like.