The invention relates to the technical field of rice seedlings on severe saline-alkali soil, in particular to a cultivation method of the rice seedlings on the severe saline-alkali soil. The cultivation method comprises the following step of S1, seed disinfection, specifically, putting a saline-alkali tolerant rice variety into a mixed solution containing Emiaojing(a pesticide for treating abakanae disease) at normal temperature and room temperature for soaking. According to the cultivation method, the seeds are subjected to seed disinfection before seedling raising, so that the method can effectively reduce rice damping-off, rice seedling rot, the bakanae disease and the like which are easily generated in rice seedling raising in saline-alkali areas; meanwhile, alkalinity culture is carried out on the rice seeds in a nursery garden, so that the rice seeds can be suitable for the environment on the severe saline-alkali soil before transplanting; and after transplanting, it can be ensured that the rice seedlings are suitable for the production environment as soon as possible, mutual repulsion is avoided, the problem of seedling death caused by difficult control over the seedlings or the seed growth environment due to direct seeding of the seedlings or the seeds in the treated severe saline-alkali soil is solved, the survival rate of the seedlings or the seeds is improved, and the yield of rice is improved.