The invention relates to the field of sea surface
oil spill detection, and provides a
quaternion-based sea surface
oil spill identification method and
system. The method comprises the steps of 1, collecting reflected polarized light reflected from a target object at different polarization angles, and converting the reflected polarized light into an
electric signal, so as to obtain a polarization image of the target object, 2, obtaining a polarization parameter according to the polarization image, 3, projecting the polarization parameters into an
HSV color model, and conducting normalization
processing on the polarization parameters, 4, combining the
quaternion with a Fresnel formula, and performing
oil film identification according to a reflected light
quaternion expression, and 5, verifying the equivalence relationship between the quaternion-form Poincare ball and Stokes, marking quaternion expressions of different oil films on the Poincare ball, and realizing identification of various oil films at different positions of the Poincare ball surface by the quaternion expressions of different oil films. Division of an
oil film area and a water surface and identification and detection of types of spilled
oil can be realized.