390results about "Absorbers/adsorbers" patented technology

PCT No. PCT / FI97 / 00515 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 31, 1999 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 31, 1999 PCT Filed Sep. 3, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98 / 10233 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 12, 1998An apparatus for transferring heating and cooling power by means of two heat transfer media, wherein at least one of the heating media is arranged to be evaporated or condensed. To reduce the need for space, the apparatus includes a shell (3) inside which at least one plate heat exchanger (1,2) is arranged loosely, flow slots (19) of the heat exchanger being arranged to be completely or mainly open towards the shell (3) in such a manner that the evaporating or condensing heat transfer medium can flow to the plate heat exchanger or from the plate heat exchanger from different sides of the plate heat exchanger on the whole length of that slot (19) which is open.

A thermodynamic machine for the absorption and emission of heat at different temperatures has at least one thermodynamic device with at least one membrane separating a gas phase and a liquid phase provided for transport of heat, wherein the at least one membrane is permeable for at least one component contained in the gas and liquid phases. The at least one membrane is a porous membrane or a solution diffusion membrane or a modification of the porous membrane or a modification of the solution diffusion membrane.

A method provides for waste heat power generation or heat recovery and for a driving power with an absorption process using low grade heat sources. An apparatus also provides for such waste heat recovery in absorption process and to the used vapor-salt working fluid. A low temperature heat source is used as a heating working medium to heat in a regenerator by heat exchange the absorption liquid working fluid from the absorber and consisting of a salt absorbent and ammonia or carbon dioxide as an absorbed agent to form the absorbent and the superheated high pressure absorbed agent. The superheated and vaporized absorbed agent enters into a turbine to provide energy and generate power via turbine expansion step. After heat release, the resultant low pressure absorbed agent is discharged from the turbine and returns to the absorption step and contacts with the absorbent from the regeneration step to form the absorption liquid which can enter into the next thermodynamic cycle process.

The invention discloses a method for simultaneously recovering water and latent heat in high-humidity flue gas and a heat pump device, relating to the technique of energy-saving equipment. A heat exchanger is arranged in an absorber of the heat pump device, the top of the absorber is provided with a flue gas discharging pipe, the bottom of the absorber is provided with a dilute solution outlet, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a gas inlet pipe, the side surface of the top is provided with a concentrated solution inlet, and a concentrated solution pipeline is communicated with a spray head at the inner upper part of a cavity; the top of a regenerator is provided with a dilute solution inlet, the bottom of the regenerator is provided with a concentrated solution pipeline outlet, a gas-liquid heat exchanger is arranged in the regenerator, and an inlet and an outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger are communicated with a flue gas pipe; the flue gas pipe is communicated with the gas inlet pipe at the bottom of the absorber after passing through the regenerator; the bottom of the absorber is communicated with the regenerator through a dilute solution pipeline, in which a regulating valve is arranged; and the regenerator runs under negative pressure, and the bottom of the regenerator is communicated with the absorber through the concentrated solution pipeline, in which a solution pump is arranged. The method and the device directly recover the water and the latent heat in the flue gas and have the advantages of equipment simplification, better energy saving, environmental protection and economic benefit.

The invention discloses an ammonia water absorption refrigerator for fishing boat aquatic products refrigerating and preserving utilizing diesel engine tail gas. The generator of the said invention is composed of shell and finned pipe bundle. Lower collector of the finned pipe bundle is inlet upper collector is outlet and connected separately with corresponding pipe mouths on rectifying tower; ripple silk net packing layer is set in the middle of the rectifying tower; a spray pipe for returns ammonia liquor is at the upper of the packing layer; ammonia outlet pipe at the top of the rectifying tower is connected with condenser; liquid trap in the condenser is connected with the rectifying tower spray pipe utilizing U-shape pipe; ammonia liquor outlet at the bottom of the condenser is connected with the evaporator via cooling device and expansion valve; the evaporator ammonia outlet is connected with absorber via cooling device; thick solution outlet at the bottom of the absorber is connected with the rectifying tower via solution pump, absorber upper pipe bundle and solution heat exchanger.

The invention discloses a heat-insulating absorption refrigeration circulating device, which comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, a two-phase flow injector and a heat-insulating absorber. A solution outlet of the generator is connected with a work fluid inlet of the two-phase flow injector. An outlet of the two-phase flow injector is connected with an inlet of the heat-insulating absorber through a solution cooler. An outlet of the heat-insulating absorber is connected with an inlet of a solution pump. An outlet of the solution pump is divided into two paths, wherein one path is connected to the work fluid inlet of the two-phase flow injector, while the other path is connected to a solution inlet of the generator. A refrigerant vapor outlet of the generator is connected to an injected refrigerant vapor inlet of the two-phase flow injector through the condenser, a throttling part and the evaporator. The heat-insulating absorption refrigeration circulating device increases and enhances the solution absorption of the heat-insulating absorber through the two-phase flow injector and an ultrasonic atomizer, improves the heat-insulating absorption refrigeration circulating efficiency, realizes the functions of the prior art which uses two solution pumps to realize the function thereof through one solution pump, and reduces the investment and the power consumption of the solution pump.

An adsorption structure is described that includes at least one adsorbent member formed of an adsorbent material and at least one porous member provided in contact with a portion of the adsorbent member to allow gas to enter and exit the portion of the adsorbent member. Such adsorption structure is usefully employed in adsorbent-based refrigeration systems. A method also is described for producing an adsorbent material, in which a first polymeric material is provided having a first density and a second polymeric material is provided having a second density, in which the second polymeric material is in contact with the first polymeric material to form a structure. The structure is pyrolyzed to form a porous adsorbent material including a first region corresponding to the first polymeric material and a second region corresponding to the second polymeric material, in which at least one of the pore sizes and the pore distribution differs between the first region and the second region.

Microscale, monolithic heat or heat and mass transfer systems: a plurality of shims (102, 104) assembled between two outer plates (110, 111) that, when combined, form discrete but integrated heat and mass transfer system components that make up a microscale, monolithic absorption cooling and / or heating system, or other heat or heat and mass transfer system. The shims generally include a plurality of microchannels (702), voids, fluid passages, and other features for transferring fluids between defined components throughout the system, and into and out of the system to and from heating and cooling sources and sinks as needed. Generally, two distinct shim types are used and combined together as a plurality of shim pairs to enable thermal contact between the fluids flowing within the microchannels in each shim pair, each shim in each shim pair comprising slightly different microchannel and fluid passage arrangements as compared to each other.

Evaporative cooling is an effective and efficient method for rapidly removing heat from a system device. In accordance with the disclosure herein, a microfluidic Y-junction apparatus is provided which can produce low temperatures and can be integrated into microdevices.

A heat exchanger includes board members layered with each other, and a sintered member. A first passage and a second passage are alternately defined between the layered board members. The sintered member adsorbs or desorbs first fluid flowing through the first passage. Second fluid flowing through the second passage has a pressure higher than that of the first fluid. The sintered member is layered on a first face of the board member defining the first passage. The sintered member is pressurized on the first face of the board member in a direction of layering the board members. All outer periphery of the second passage is sealed.

In one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for condensing water from ambient air, the method comprising: providing at least one condensation surface for contact with the ambient air; heating a solution of a refrigerant and a fluid, to drive gaseous refrigerant from the solution; cooling the gaseous refrigerant to condense the gaseous refrigerant into liquid refrigerant, and collecting the liquid refrigerant; evaporating refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant such that heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the condensation surface which is thereby cooled to, or below, the dew point of the water in the ambient air; and contacting the cooled condensation surface with the ambient air to effect condensation of water from the ambient air onto the condensation surface. In another aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for condensing water from ambient air, the apparatus comprising: heating means for heating a solution of a refrigerant and a fluid, to drive evaporation of the refrigerant from the solution to produce gaseous refrigerant; cooling means for cooling the gaseous refrigerant such that the gaseous refrigerant condenses into liquid refrigerant; and an evaporator having at least one condensation surface for contact with the ambient air and being arranged for collecting the liquid refrigerant, and subsequent evaporation of gaseous refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant; wherein the condensation surface is arranged for being cooled to, or below, the dew point of the water in the ambient air by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the condensation surface upon evaporation of the refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant, and thereby effecting condensation of water from the ambient air onto the condensation surface.

There is disclosed a water feed device capable of adding mineral components to for-treatment water in accordance with user's request to feed a variety of water including the mineral components from soft water to hard water. Furthermore, there is disclosed a water feed device capable of selecting a treatment function to be performed with respect to the for-treatment water in accordance with the type of water for use as the for-treatment water, a use situation and a purpose, to perform an optimum treatment. A water feed device S of the present invention includes a mineral addition treatment unit which has one or more mineral components and which adds the mineral components to the for-treatment water; and a control unit which has data concerning the one or more mineral components of mineral water and which controls the addition of the mineral components by the mineral addition treatment unit in accordance with the selected mineral water.

The invention relates to a direct-type solar air conditioner. The direct-type solar air conditioner is a direct-type solar air conditioning compound system which comprises a solar direct generator, a condenser, a throttle valve, an evaporator, a compressor, an air-cooling adiabatic absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, an automatic control device and the like. The direct-type solar air conditioning compound system is characterized by integrating a solar thermal collector and a generator and adopting an air-cooled type absorber.

There is provided an absorption refrigerator comprising a liquid-film type plate heat exchanger structure,. which is improved in terms of installation while maintaining the height of the refrigerator at a practical level.In an absorption refrigerator utilizing a liquid-film type plate heat exchanger for an absorber (A), an evaporator (E), a regenerator (G) and a condenser (C), all the absorber, the evaporator, the regenerator and the condenser, each comprising the liquid-film type plate heat exchanger, are arranged in a horizontal direction. The evaporator, the absorber, the regenerator and the condenser are accommodated in a single can body (1), and the evaporator and the absorber, and the regenerator and the condenser are, respectively, accommodated in different chambers arranged in a lateral direction, which are divided by a partition wall (16) provided in the can body. The evaporator and the absorber, and the regenerator and the condenser may be, respectively, accommodated in different can bodies arranged in the lateral direction.

An absorption heat pump system that can include a first assembly, a second assembly, and a thermal coupler is disclosed herein. The first assembly can include a condenser and an evaporator. The second assembly can include an absorber, a desorber, and a heat exchanger. The thermal coupler can include a first gas inlet, a second fluid inlet, and a mixed fluid outlet. The system can be configured with a first gas outlet of the desorber in fluid communication with the first gas inlet of the thermal coupler, and the mixed fluid outlet of the thermal coupler in fluid communication with a mixed fluid inlet of the evaporator. The system can also include a coolant absorber inlet and outlet on the absorber and a coolant condenser inlet and outlet on the condenser, with the coolant absorber outlet in fluid communication with the coolant condenser inlet.

The invention relates to an adsorber element for a heat exchanger and an adsorption heat pump or adsorption refrigerator that contains at least one such adsorber element. The adsorber element includes a heat-conducting solid body and a sorption material for a vaporous adsorbate arranged on the surface of this solid body. A fluid-tight foil composite is arranged on the outer surface of the open-pore solid body, at least in the areas in which a contact with a heat transfer fluid is provided, wherein this adsorber element is embodied such that the heat exchange between the open-pore solid body and the heat transfer fluid can take place via the fluid-tight foil composite.

A heat transfer device and its manufacturing method are provided. The heat transfer device has a heat transfer member defining a heat exchange surface with which a heat transportable medium contact in use and via which heat is transferable between the heat transportable medium and a working medium, and a device body for containing the heat transportable medium. The body of the device defines a first chamber (11), a second chamber (12) and a third chamber (13) which is in fluid communicable relationship. The body is configured to allow the heat transportable medium fluid to pass from the second chamber (12) to the first chamber (11) and then to the third chamber (13), or from the third chamber (13) to the first chamber (11) and then to the second chamber (12), and the second chamber (12) is sandwiched or positioned between the first chamber (11) and the third chamber (13) in the body.

The invention relates to a method and a system for indirect air cooling for ammonia absorption composite refrigerating circulation. For overcoming the drawback of huge compressor power consumption in a high-temperature period in a method and a system for indirect air cooling of parallel normal and reverse refrigerating circulation working medium, ammonia absorption refrigeration is adopted to replace compressor refrigeration, thereby ensuring the advantages of the method and the system and considerably reducing energy consumption of operation in the high temperature period. And a multi-stage air-water serial connection cooling absorber is formed by using a three-dimensional rough panel or a packing plate-fin heat exchanger as a basic unit to replace the conventional vertical falling film water cooling absorber, thereby saving a large amount of cooling water and improving a performance-price ratio. The method and the system can realize zero emission of water vapor of a cooling system of a steam turbine, have strong environmental adaptability, and can expand the application regions of air cooling technology into the regions in temperate and subtropics zones. The method and the system are novel and unique in concept, mature in technology, easy to implement, and wide in application range and region. After being popularized, the method and the system can produce huge energy-saving, emission-reducing, water-saving economic benefits and social and environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a shell and tube vertical type anti-scaling falling film absorbing device. The shell and tube vertical type anti-scaling falling film absorbing device comprises an outer shell, falling film tubes, a liquid distribution plate, elastic flow guide pieces, springs and a liquid receiving plate. A cooling water outlet is connected with the top ends of the falling film tubes through a first water tube. The bottom ends of the falling film tubes are connected with a cooling water inlet through a second water tube. The liquid distribution plate is provided with liquid distribution holes, the falling film tubes penetrate through the liquid distribution holes, and the elastic flow guide pieces are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the liquid distribution holes. The outer sides of the falling film tubes are sleeved with the springs. The top ends of the springs are fixedly connected to the elastic flow guide pieces. The bottom ends of the springs are connected with the bottom surface of the liquid receiving plate through steel wires. Siphons are arranged in the liquid receiving plate. According to the shell and tube vertical type anti-scaling falling film absorbing device, the siphoning principle is utilized; as the springs can automatically cleaned in a reciprocating mode, the springs outside the falling film tubes automatically reciprocate, liquid film disturbance is enhanced, liquid film distribution is homogenized, and the falling film absorbing device further has the automatic de-scaling function. In this way, the gas absorption rate of the absorbing device is increased, and service life is prolonged.

A shaped body, particularly a sorbent shaped body, made of microporous and mesoporous adsorbents and of composite adsorbents, which serve to store useful heat and useful cold, comprises a reduced proportion of binding agents. The sorbent shaped bodies have non-uniformly distributed cavities in the form of vacuoles that form gap volumes, and are obtained by placing the solid pre-mixed constituents of the shaped body onto a porous or perforated support. After adding the binding agent, the process of pre-solidifying the binding agent ensues by the action of an external force field, and this force field results in the formation of the non-uniformly distributed cavities. The proportion of binding agent on the support, which depicts the wall of the shaped body, is higher than that inside the shaped body. An optimally possible combining of the reaction efficacy of modified alumosilicates and / or aluminum silicates with their fluidic action during the exchange of materials and heat with the aim of achieving high space-time yields while storing useful heat and useful cold is thereby achieved.

The invention provides an absorbing type refrigerator capable of performing heat recovery in low-temperature warm water. The absorbing type refrigerator is provided with: a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, an evaporator, a first condenser, a first absorber, a heat resource warm water low-pressure regenerator performing condensation of the absorbing liquid via using warm water to heat absorbing liquid to evaporate and separate a refrigerant, absorbing liquid and refrigerant path are respectively formed via tubing connections, the absorbing type refrigerator is also provided with: a heat source warm water high-pressure regenerator performing condensation of the absorbing liquid via using the warm water to heat the absorbing liquid to evaporate and separate a refrigerant; and a second absorber making the absorbing liquid condensed by the heat source warm water high-pressure regenerator absorb refrigerant steam evaporated by the heat source warm water low-pressure regenerator; the second absorber and the heat source warm water low-pressure regenerator are received in a single heat source regenerator absorber cavity, and a recycling path making the absorbingliquid additionally recycle is disposed between the second absorber and the heat source warm water high-pressure regenerator.

The invention is directed toward a vapor-liquid heat and / or mass exchange device that can be used in an integrated heat and / or mass transfer system. To achieve high heat and mass transfer rates, optimal temperature profiles, size reduction and performance increases, appropriately sized flow passages with microscale features, and countercurrent flow configurations between working fluid solution, vapor stream, and / or the coupling fluid in one or more functional sections of the desorber are implemented. In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a desorber section utilizes a heating fluid flowing in a generally upward direction and a concentrated solution flowing in a generally downward direction with gravity countercurrent to the rising desorbed vapor stream. To further increase the efficiency of the system, various types of column configurations can be used. Additionally, the surfaces of the microchannels can be altered to better transfer heat.

The present invention pertains to systems, methods, and compositions for liquid phase change, including for active cloud point, e.g., critical solution temperature, adjustment and heating or cooling, e.g., refrigeration, cycles. In some embodiments heat is absorbed, released or both due to phase changes in a liquid system. Advantageously, the phase changes may be controlled by controlling the ingredients or amounts of certain components of the liquid system. Advantages may include lower capital expenditures, lower operating expenses, or both for a diverse and wide range of heating and cooling applications. Such applications include, for example, cooling of data centers, cooled transportation of goods, refrigeration, heat pumps, extractions, ocean thermal energy conversion, and de-icing of roads to name just a few.

The invention disclosed solid adsorption unit tube and compound adsorption refrigerating apparatus thereof. The adsorption refrigerating apparatus is composed of adsorbent bed A, adsorbent bed B, condenser and evaporator. The whole adsorption refrigerating apparatus is combined with two adsorption -refrigerating units by heat tube evaporator. Every adsorption unit is composed of multi- solid adsorption unit tubes with independent function. Adsorption section, condensation section and evaporation section separately is in the adsorbent bed, the condenser and the evaporator of the whole adsorption refrigerating apparatus, a heat insulating section is set between the evaporator and the condenser and between the condenser and the adsorbent bed.

Features for distributing a sorber gas in cooling, heating or refrigeration systems with sorbers are disclosed. The sorbers may adsorb gas onto a sorbent material and desorb gas therefrom. Distribution of the gas to and from the sorber may be done with porous, rigid tubes. The tubes may be formed of composite material having pores. The pores may be implemented by flowing fluids through the composite material while the material cures. The sorbers may be reinforced with rods to provide greater strength and stability in load-inducing environments. The tubes may extend through the sorbent and thereby provide a channel for the gas to flow to and from the sorbent and the rest of the cooling, heating or refrigeration system.

The invention relates to a refrigeration system with combination of adsorption and steam compression and a control method thereof. The refrigeration system comprises a compressor, an evaporative cooler, a throttling valve and an evaporator which are successively connected to form a steam compression refrigeration cycle and also comprises a first adsorption bed, a first adsorption condenser and a first adsorption evaporator which are successively connected to form a first adsorption cycle, wherein condensation heat released by the evaporative cooler is used for supplying heat to the first adsorption bed. The refrigeration system is capable of refrigerating through steam compression in the daytime, storing cold quantity by recycling the condensation heat generated in the steam compression refrigeration process and refrigerating by using the stored cold quantity at night, so that the energy is saved.

Monolithically integrated heat pump. The heat pump includes as adsorbent / absorbent condenser forming a hot terminal integrated with a phase change heat exchanger forming a cold terminal. The adsorbent / absorbent condenser and the phase change heat exchanger are integrated into a single pressure vessel.

The present invention provides a process for applying a coating on a heat exchanger or a temperature controlled adsorber surface. This coating comprises a zeolite, an organic solvent, an organic siloxane resin that constitutes a binder and a plasticizing agent.