3723 results about "Solar thermal collector" patented technology

A solar energy collector suitable for use in a solar energy collection system that tracks movements of the sun along at least one axis may have a plurality of reflector panels, a support structure that supports the reflector panels in a manner that defines a pair of adjacent reflector troughs, each trough having a base, a pair of reflective side walls and a trough aperture suitable for receiving incident sunlight during operation of the solar energy collection system, a frame that is coupled to the support structure near the bases of the troughs to define a closed reflector support truss framework in cooperation with the support structure, wherein the reflector support truss framework is positioned behind the reflector troughs such that the reflector support truss framework does not shadow the reflector panels during normal operation of the solar energy collector, and a plurality of solar receivers.

A trough reflector for solar energy collection is constructed from transverse ribs which support a reflective surface. Side edge support rails mounted on ends of the ribs support linear edges of the reflective surface. The edge support rails have a channel-like construction with an inner flange member which is in contact with a top of the reflective surface, and a lip member extending from an outer flange member. The edge region of the reflective surface rests on the lip member with the edge of the reflective surface in contact with the outer flange member. A turning moment is applied to the edge regions of the reflective surface to ensure that the entire reflective surface is parabolic. An arcuate profile of ribs of the trough reflector is converted into a parabolic profile by the application of a force to the ends of the ribs.

A sunlight collecting system and a solar energy utilization system which collects sunlight with the sunlight collecting system are provided, a sunlight collecting system including a solar heat collector which includes a heat collecting element which is formed by a helically wound heat exchange medium circulation pipe inside which the heat exchange medium flows, in such a way to have an incurved light receiving surface which narrows and converges towards the sunlight inlet and a sunlight collecting reflector which includes a reflector group which includes a plurality of reflector segments each of which includes a reflecting surface which makes sunlight converge on a heat collector, a sunlight collecting system in which a plurality of heliostats Bm are arranged in places which are irradiated by the sunlight between a plurality of heliostats An, in which each of the heliostats An and the heliostats Bm reflect light in a direction to a light collecting point of a heliostat group in which the heliostat is included.

An apparatus and method for collecting solar energy are provided. The apparatus is a trough-type solar collector having one or more mirrors and lenses for directing solar radiation toward a receiver configured to receive a heat transfer fluid therein. The amount of solar radiation directed toward the receiver can be controlled by adjusting one or more of the mirrors and / or lenses or by adjusting a shade. Thus, the collector can direct different amounts or solar radiation toward the receiver, thereby selectively heating the receiver at different rates, e.g., to preheat the receiver, to heat fluid in the receiver for power generation, or to thaw solidified fluid in the receiver. Subsequently, the heated fluid can be used to generate steam and / or electricity.

A novel, high-efficiency, extremely light-weight, inflatable refractive solar concentrator for space power is described. It consists of a flexible Fresnel lens, flexible sides, and a back surface, together enclosing a volume of space which can be filled with low pressure gas to deploy the concentrator on orbit. The back surface supports the energy receiver / converter located in the focal region of the Fresnel lens. The back surface can also serve as the waste heat radiator. Prior to deployment, the deflated flexible lens and sides are folded against the back surface to form a flat, low-volume package for efficient launch into space. The inflatable concentrator can be configured to provide either a line focus or a point focus of sunlight. The new inflatable concentrator approach will provide significant advantages over the prior art in two different space power areas: photovoltaic concentrator arrays and high-temperature solar thermal conversion systems. Photovoltaic concentrator arrays using the new inflatable lens will be much lighter than prior space concentrator arrays. In addition, for photovoltaic concentrator arrays, the new inflatable lens will eliminate the need for a fragile glass superstrate to support the lens, substantially improving robustness of the lens. Solar thermal concentrator arrays using the new inflatable lens will be much lighter than prior art space concentrators which used parabolic mirrors. In addition, for solar thermal applications in space, the new inflatable lens will eliminate the need for high surface accuracy, which has been a significant problem for prior art concentrators.

A solar energy collector is provided having at least one reflector panel, a plurality of solar receivers, and a support structure that supports the at least one reflector panels in a manner that defines a reflector troughs having a trough base, a pair of reflective side walls and a trough aperture suitable for receiving incident sunlight during operation of the collector, wherein each reflective side wall has a curvature that approximates a quarter parabola segment to thereby concentrate incident solar radiation on the plurality of solar receivers.

The invention discloses a solar-air-geothermal multisource dual-machine heat pump heat supply and air conditioning composite system, relates to a heat supply, air conditioning and refrigerating composite system which takes solar energy, air and a ground source heat pump of a buried tube as cold and heat sources, and belongs to the technical field of building environment, equipment engineering and refrigeration engineering. The system comprises a solar thermal collector (1), the buried tube (3), a heat storage water tank (13), a heat storage / exchanger water tank (17), a control system, an end user (16) and the like. The invention provides a multisource dual-compressor heat pump system which takes the solar energy, geothermal energy and air as the cold and heat sources; and the system can supply heat in winter, refrigerate in summer and supply hot water for daily life all year round. Moreover, the overheat of the solar thermal collector in summer is avoided, so that the heat of the solar energy is stored in soil for use in the winter; and the system particularly has higher applicability in the area in which heat load in the winter is greater than cold load in summer.

Increased utilization of solar power is highly desirable as solar power is a readily available renewable resource with power potential far exceeding total global needs; and as solar power does not contribute to pollutants associated with fossil fuel power, such as unburned hydrocarbons, NOx and carbon dioxide. The present invention provides low-cost inflatable heliostatic solar power collectors, which a range of embodiments suitable for flexible utilization in small, medium, or utility scale applications. The inflatable heliostatic power collectors use a reflective surface or membrane “sandwiched” between two inflated chambers, and attached solar power receivers which are of concentrating photovoltaic and optionally also concentrating solar thermal types. Floating embodiments are described for certain beneficial applications on. Modest concentration ratios enable benefits in both reduced cost and increased conversion efficiency, relative to simple prior-art flat plate solar collectors.

A power generation system that includes a heat source loop, a heat engine loop, and a heat reclaiming loop. The heat can be waste heat from a steam turbine, industrial process or refrigeration or air-conditioning system, solar heat collectors or geothermal sources. The heat source loop may also include a heat storage medium to allow continuous operation even when the source of heat is intermittent. Heat from the heat source loop is introduced into the heat reclaiming loop or turbine loop. In the turbine loop a working fluid is boiled, injected into the turbine, recovered condensed and recycled. The power generation system further includes a heat reclaiming loop having a fluid that extracts heat from the turbine loop. The fluid of the heat reclaiming loop is then raised to a higher temperature and then placed in heat exchange relationship with the working fluid of the turbine loop. The power generating system is capable of using low temperature waste heat is approximately of 150 degrees F. or less. The turbine includes one or more blades mounted on a rotating member. The turbine also includes one or more nozzles capable of introducing the gaseous working fluid, at a very shallow angle on to the surface of the blade or blades at a very high velocity. The pressure differential between the upstream and downstream surfaces of the blade as well as the change in direction of the high velocity hot gas flow create a combined force to impart rotation to the rotary member.

The invention discloses an efficient direct-expansion solar heat pump and water source heat pump coupled heat supplying system. The system is characterized in that the angle of a solar heat collector is adjusted in real time through a full-automatic solar tracking device, therefore, sunlight vertically irradiates the solar heat collector, and maximum solar radiation energy is achieved; by arranging a phase change heat storage device on a direct-expansion solar heat pump system, the evaporating temperature of a refrigerating agent is kept within a certain range, and then influences of changes of the solar radiation intensity to the system stability are greatly reduced; solar energy is stored through a heat storage water tank, intermediate water is preheated through the heat storage water tank, therefore, heat obtained through the direct-expansion solar heat pump system is effectively transmitted to a user, and then effective coupling of a solar heat collection and heat storage technology and a water source heat pump is completed. The efficient direct-expansion solar heat pump and water source heat pump coupled heat supplying system has the advantages that the problems of intermittency and unstability of solar energy sources are effectively solved, it is guaranteed that the system can stably supply energy, the system performance is significantly improved, and high efficiency and environmental friendliness are achieved.

A reflector (e.g., mirror) for use in a solar collector or the like is provided. In certain example embodiments of this invention, a reflector is made performing at least the following steps: (a) forming a reflective coating on a flat glass substrate, (b) cold-bending the glass substrate with the reflective coating thereon; and (c) applying a plate or frame member (e.g., another glass sheet / substrate, or alternatively a thermoplastic member) to the cold-bent glass substrate, the plate or frame member for maintaining the coated glass substrate in a desired bent orientation. In certain example embodiments, the glass substrate supporting the reflective coating may be maintained in desired bent form by using another glass substrate and a glue layer provided between the another glass substrate and the glass substrate supporting the coating. The bent reflector (e.g., mirror) may be used in a solar collector, or in any other suitable application.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a solar selective heat absorbing paint by using a spinel type pigment as a light absorbent, which belongs to the field of solar heat utilization. The method comprises the steps of uniformly dispersing a nanoscale spinel type pigment as well as resin, a solvent and auxiliaries by using a ball milling method; and then adding a curing agent to obtain the solar selective heat absorbing paint. It is shown in the experiment that the paint is uniformly coated on a metal substrate by using a spraying method; and the solar selective heat absorbing paint obtained after being cured at room temperature shows higher solar energy absorption rate (0.93-0.95) and lower emissivity (0.18-0.30); and the photothermal conversion efficiency of a solar heat collector can be effectively improved; moreover, the coating has the advantages of good mechanical property, stronger weather resistance and service life of more than 45 years.

Concentrating solar collector systems that utilize a concentrating reflector to direct incident solar radiation to a solar receiver are described. In one aspect, the reflective surface is arranged to direct light to the receiver in a non-imaging manner in which the solar rays reflected from the opposing edges of the reflective surface are generally directed towards a central portion of the solar receiver. Rays reflected from selected central portions of the reflective surface are directed closer to the edges of the receiver than the solar rays reflected from the edges of the reflective surface. The described reflectors are generally intended for use in solar collector systems that track movements of the sun along at least one axis.

A tankless water heating auxiliary system for a solar water heating system, includes a solar collector; a tankless water heater auxiliary system; an insulated water storage tank storing the potable water; a heat exchange system for heating stored water; and piping for connecting the collector, the storage tank and the heat exchanger in fluid communication. A first sensor is connected to and located adjacent the storage tank for sensing the temperature of the stored water at an outlet of the tank. A method for controlling initiation of heating in a tankless water heater auxiliary system, includes monitoring operation of a tankless water heater; measuring water flow using a water flow sensor to determine if water flow rate exceeds a use determined flow rate; implementing a control time delay into the tankless water heater to purge water from the heater and sense the inlet water supply temperature; measuring the water temperature using a heat exchanger outgoing thermistor; comparing the temperature measured by the thermistor to a predetermined temperature; and initiating a combustion sequence if the temperature measured by the outgoing themistor is less than the predetermined temperature.

A solar collector arrangement includes a number of assemblies (1), which are immersed or partially immersed in a pond of water (2). Each assembly (1) includes a parabolic reflector (3) and an absorber (6). Barriers (10) are located on or near the surface of the water (2) and operate to reduce waves which may otherwise disturb the direct passage of sunlight in windy conditions. The complete immersion of the assembly (1) in the liquid serves to simultaneously protect and cool the apparatus, while allowing ease of sun10 tracking movements by buoyancy induced rotation. Partially immersed versions have higher efficiency and protect against severe weather by inverting into the water.

A system and method for cleaning a collector surface of a solar collector. The system includes a first liquid-dispensing unit configured to deliver a first spray of liquid to the collector surface. The system also includes a brush element having a longitudinal side oriented along a first direction and disposed adjacent to the first liquid-dispensing unit. A first squeegee element is oriented along the first direction and adjacent to the brush element. The first squeegee element, the brush element, and the first liquid-dispensing unit define a first cleaning area. A second squeegee element is oriented along the first direction and separated from the first squeegee element by a gap to define a second cleaning area. The system also includes a second liquid-dispensing unit configured to deliver a second spray of liquid to the second cleaning area located between the first and second squeegees.

An apparatus and method for collecting solar energy are provided. The apparatus is a trough-type solar collector having one or more mirrors and lenses for directing solar radiation toward a receiver configured to receive a heat transfer fluid therein. The amount of solar radiation directed toward the receiver can be controlled by adjusting one or more of the mirrors and / or lenses or by adjusting a shade. Thus, the collector can direct different amounts or solar radiation toward the receiver, thereby selectively heating the receiver at different rates, e.g., to preheat the receiver, to heat fluid in the receiver for power generation, or to thaw solidified fluid in the receiver. Subsequently, the heated fluid can be used to generate steam and / or electricity.

A flashable, rooftop enclosure with a solar radiation transmissive glazing suitable for holding solar energy collector of a solar power system includes an insulated base section with sidewalls which is secured to the roof sheathing and flashed all around, and a removably attachable glazed top section with full skirt, that is secured to and over the base unit after the interior components and connections are made, so as to seal the enclosure, overlap the flashing, and admit solar radiation. The internal components may include any or all of photovoltaic and thermal converters, with electrical and thermal fluid means of removing energy from the enclosure to respective energy distribution systems.

An apparatus for generating electrical power. The apparatus comprises a plurality of solar energy collectors for generating electricity from solar energy; a plurality of wind turbines for generating electricity from wind energy; a support structure having arms extending radially from a vertical shaft, the arms positioned at different vertical distances along the vertical shaft and the arms having different lengths; solar energy collectors and the wind turbines affixed to terminal ends of the arms; and the support structure comprising camouflage elements causing the support structure to resemble vegetation.

The invention relates to a low temperature solar energy-biomass energy combined heat and power system and a generating process. The system comprises a heat transfer fluid (such as heat transfer oil, ionic liquid, and water) circulation loop, a working medium circulation loop of an organic Rankine cycle, a heating furnace smoke discharge pipeline, a hot water heating loop and a cooling water loop. A heating furnace is used for supplementing heat for the heat transfer fluid or used as a standby heat source, and the heating surface uses dimethyl ether, heavy oil, biomass or low-grade cheap fuel made from the biomass; propane (R290), pentafluoropropane (R245fa) and the like are used as circulation working media; the exhaust heat regeneration quantity of the organic Rankine cycle can be adjusted according to the heating demand of a user; and a solar concentrator of the system is a solar concentration and waste heat recovery integrated vacuum flat-plate concentrator with a heat regenerating measure at the bottom, and the waste heat of exhaust smoke of the heating furnace can be recovered while fully using solar energy. The system can directly and efficiently convert a large quantity of low-grade biomass fuel and low-density solar energy into electric energy and supplies heat to users at the same time.

A building roof tile system and integrated solar energy system is disclosed that includes a solar thermal collector which is intended to replace a standard flat concrete roof tile or an S-tile type clay roof tile so as to be integrated with the concrete tiles and photovoltaic (“PV”) solar panels that are also designed to look like common concrete roof tiles. The solar thermal collector includes mounting components that allow the collector to be mounted in a manner similar to that of the concrete and PV roof tiles, so as to be discretely integrated with the other roof tiles.

The invention relates to a distributed energy comprehensive utilization system for biomass energy and solar energy, which comprises a biomass gasifying device, a methane generating device, a solar thermal collector, a solar photovoltaic generating device and a gas-steam combined cycle generating device, wherein biomass gas is supplied to a gas turbine set for generating power, exhaust gas of the gas turbine is supplied to an exhaust-heat boiler, major steam of the exhaust-heat boiler is supplied to a steam turbine set for generating power, and exhaust gas of the exhaust-heat boiler is used asa main heat source of the methane generating device; the solar thermal collector supplies hot water serving as a heating heat source and a standby heat source of the methane generating device, the hot water of the solar thermal collector is converted into high-temperature heating medium water through an auxiliary heater to drive a refrigerator to refrigerate, a heat source of the auxiliary heateris from part of high-temperature exhaust gases of the gas turbine, and the exhaust of the gas turbine is used as an additional heat source of the methane generating device; methane is used for cooking; and the solar photovoltaic generating device provides electric energy for communal facilities. The distributed energy comprehensive utilization system realizes the cascade utilization of the energymeeting multiple requirements of users directly, and relieves environmental pollution caused by energy consumption of eco-villages.

This invention provides buildings with a modular air conditioning system that utilizes solar energy for heating air. This invention contains a solar collector assembly, an inlet assembly and an outlet assembly. The solar collector assembly further comprises a transparent panel, a heat-absorbing set and a support base, and forms paths for heating the air, wherein the heat-absorbing set is made of several simple, light-weight modular heat-absorbing units to form several heat-absorbing channels. Such a design not only can fully utilize the heat-absorbing space on the roof and save the cost for being displayed in marketing channels, but also can be constructed by the users in accordance with their own needs, so as to save cost in modularization. The inlet and outlet assemblies communicate to the heat-absorbing channels in the solar collector assembly and are respectively connected to the pipes and paths leading into and out of the buildings. By switching and adjusting the openings of these pipes and paths, in winter, the preheated air will be introduced into buildings; and in summer, the hot indoor air will be expelled out of the buildings and fresh air will be guided into the buildings. As a result, a more economical air conditioning system is formed.