114 results about "Viologen" patented technology

The invention discloses macrocyclic and cage-like molecules based on biphenylarene and derivatives of the macrocyclic and cage-like molecules as well as synthetic methods and applications of the macrocyclic and cage-like molecules and the derivatives. A series of novel macrocycles are obtained mainly by performing a reaction on bis(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arenes (naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, porphyrin and the like) or tris(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arenes (benzene, sym-tribenzobenzene) and paraformaldehyde under the catalysis of a Lewis acid in high yield. In addition, perhydroxybiphenylarenes (quaterphenyl trimer, naphthalene dimer and the like) can be obtained by performing demethylation, a plurality of water-soluble derivatives can be obtained by performing further modification, and the derivatives show good bonding ability to guest molecules (viologen and the like); and moreover, functional groups introduced into the framework make the biphenylarene have excellent adsorption and separationability and photophysical properties. The compounds, derivatives and methods provided by the invention have the following advantages: raw materials of the biphenylarene are commercially available, the synthesis is simple and convenient, the yield is high, and the modification is convenient, so that the compounds and the derivatives have broad application prospects in gas adsorption and separation, performance improvement of light-emitting materials, and adsorption of water-soluble toxic substances.

Disclosed are viologen derivatives as an electrochromic material having improved stability and lifetime, a metal oxide electrode including the same, and an electrochromic device using the viologen derivative as an electrochromic material. The viologen derivative includes a suitable regulator group capable of increasing ΔE that is a potential difference between E1 (potential at the first redox reaction) and E2 (potential at the second redox reaction). When ΔE increases, the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in the second reduction state decreases. Therefore, it is possible to lower the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in an irreversibly reduced state at an applied potential, thereby increasing the lifetime of an electrochromic material and an electrochromic device.

The invention discloses a calixarene constructed supramolecular polymer material. The chemical formula of a repeat unit of the material is C210H206N72O64S8; and the material consists of ethyl-bridged p-sulfonated calix[4]arene, cucurbit[8]uril and hexyl-bridged methyl viologen, wherein the ethyl-bridged p-sulfonated calix[4]arene and the cucurbit[8]uril serve as a large-ring host, the hexyl-bridged methyl viologen serves as a guest, and the supramolecular polymer with a host-guest inclusion structure is constructed through host-guest bonding. The invention has the advantages that: by the recognition advantage of the p-sulfonated calix[4]arene and the cucurbit[8]uril on specific groups of the viologen, a fibrous polymer material is prepared by a simple and feasible solution mixing method, and the method is easy to implement, high in yield, convenient and effective; and by a chemical reduction means of adding hydrazine hydrate, the polymer material can be well reduced and depolymerized,and the supramolecular polymer material has wide application prospect in the field of materials.

The invention relates to electrochromic compositions comprising:(a) a viologen derivative of formula (I)(b) an electron mediator;(c) a polymer compound of formula (II)(d) a plasticizer of formula (III): and(e) a mixture of at least two miscible solvents which dissolve components (a) to (d) at room temperature, at least one of them being a solvent with a high boiling point.Said electrochromic compositions can be formulated and applied at room temperature, therefore they allow preparing electrochromic devices with heat-sensitive substrates, particularly with fully plastic substrates, with a high degree of transparency and with a high optical contrast.

The invention relates to the fields of chemical industry and materials, specifically to the field of electrochromic materials, more specifically to a viologen compound, and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the viologen compound is as shown in a formula I which is described in the specification. The invention also relates to a viologen electrochromic material and an electrochromic device. The electrochromic material prepared in the invention has obvious color changes during coloring and fading and has certain cyclic stability and good application prospects.

The invention discloses a supermolecular hydrogel material for constructing calixarene and a preparation method of the supermolecular hydrogel material. The supermolecular hydrogel material is prepared from dodecyl modified sulfonated calix[4]arene (SC4AD) and methyl viologen modified polyvinyl alcohol under the interaction of supermolecules. The preparation method comprises the steps of self-aggregating SC4AD in a water liquid to form a micelle; and crosslinking the SC4AD micelle through PVA-MV by virtue of the host-guest bonding capacity of viologen and sulfonated calixarene to form the supermolecular hydrogel which is stable at room temperature. The supermolecular hydrogel material which is stable at room temperature is obtained by using a simple, convenient and feasible liquid mixing way by virtue of the advantage that a specific group of the viologen as a guest can be identified by the sulfonated calixarene. Compared with methods for synthesizing other hydrogels, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in operation and high yield and is a convenient and effective hydrogel preparation method. The supermolecular hydrogel material has a wide application prospect in the field of materials.

The aqueous neutral organic flow battery comprises a single battery or an electric pile consisting of more than two single batteries. Each single battery comprises a positive electrode, a diaphragm and a negative electrode. A positive electrolytic solution is introduced between the positive electrode and the diaphragm, and a negative electrolytic solution is introduced between the negative electrode and the diaphragm. The positive electrolyte in the positive electrolytic solution is a complexing agent of bromine salt and bromine; the negative electrolyte in the negative electrolytic solution is viologen or a viologen derivative; or electrolytes in the positive electrolytic solution and the negative electrolytic solution are bromine salt, a bromine complexing agent and viologen or viologenderivatives; and water is used as a solvent. The positive electrode is subjected to bromine ion redox reaction, the negative electrode is subjected to viologen single-electron or double-electron redoxreaction, and no metal element participates in electrochemical reaction. The positive electrolytic solution and the negative electrolytic solution are both neutral, and the diaphragm between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery adopts a porous membrane. The battery has the characteristics of high energy density, low cost, sustainability and the like.

Viologen-based ion type porous organic polymers and a preparation method and application thereof are disclosed. The viologen-based ion type porous organic polymers have a structural formula represented by a formula shown in the specification, and are prepared by quaternization reaction of 4,4'-bipyridine respectively with 4,4'-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl and 4,4'-bis(bromomethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl. Since a nitrogen cation and a halogen anion are introduced into the polymer in situ, the prepared viologen-based porous organic polymer has excellent catalytic activity, and can realize efficient catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide under mild conditions. The viologen-based porous organic polymer in the invention has excellent catalytic performance in a cycloaddition reaction of an epoxy compound and CO2 under the condition of no solvent and no cocatalyst, and the reaction also has the characteristics that the catalyst is small in usage amount, and easy to separate and recycle.

Embodiments of compounds for selectively detecting an analyte are disclosed, along with methods and kits for detecting analytes with the compounds. The compounds are bridged viologen conjugates including at least one fluorophore according to the general structure. At least one of R1 / R2, R2 / R3, R3 / R4, R5 / R6, R6 / R7, and / or R7 / R8 together form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or aryl.

The invention discloses fluorescent viologen derivatives, application and a preparation method thereof. A series of novel viologen derivatives with fast and visual solvent recognition and fast and sensitive color-change detection for the pH value at the alkaline range, the temperature and alkaline gases such as NH3 are prepared by utilizing a solvothermal method. Simultaneously, the series of fluorescent viologen derivatives are simple in synthesis method, high in yield, low in cost and strong in fluorescence. A viologen electrochromic device is good in color-change property and cyclic stability, low in color-change voltage, fast in color change and convenient in assembly. The fluorescent viologen derivatives can display the distinguished colors and the fluorescence emitting change in different organic solvents, so that the effect of detecting and distinguishing the organic solvents is achieved; after the novel viologen is used for preparing into test paper for detection, the detectioncapability in a solution state is retained, and the test paper can display different color changes so as to achieve the effect of sensing detection and recognition. The test of the viologen electrochromic device shows that the fluorescent viologen derivatives have good potential application value in the fields of electrochromic glass and displays and the like.

Electrochemical methods for probing solid polymer electrolyte surface coatings on electrically conducting, active, three-dimensional electrode materials for use in lithium-ion batteries, to quantitatively determine the conformity, uniformity, and the presence of pinholes, and / or other defects in coatings, without requiring the detachment of the coating from the electrode or otherwise inducing damage to the coating, are described. Coated electrodes are submersed in an electrolyte solution containing a redox-active probe species which does not induce electrochemical damage to either the working electrode or the solid polymer electrolyte surface coating. For coated Cu2Sb working electrodes, molecules including a water-soluble redox active viologen moiety have been found to be effective. The current as a function of the applied potential for an uncoated working electrode is used as a baseline for testing solid polymer surface coatings on working electrodes, and the difference in the observed current between the electrodes for a given potential is a quantitative indicator of the ability of the probe species to access the surface of the working electrode through the solid polymer electrolyte coating.

The invention provides a preparation method of a phosphorescence-lifetime-responsive iridium complex containing a viologen unit and a method for realizing a phosphorescence-lifetime response in a solution state and a solid state. According to the phosphorescence-lifetime-responsive iridium complex containing the viologen unit as well as the preparation method and application thereof, the viologen unit is modified on an iridium complex, the advantage of long luminescence lifetime of the transition metal iridium complex is combined with the advantages of sensitive reaction and large difference in chemical properties before and after redox of the viologen unit, lifetime change is realized by electrical stimulation in the solid state, and a novel stimuli-responsive material for information encryption based on phosphorescence lifetime is constructed.

The invention discloses a pyrroline / alkoxy free radical compound aqueous organic flow battery. A copper plate is used as a current collector; an electrolyte is a neutral water salt solution; two graphite plates with serpentine runners are used as flow field plates of positive electrode liquid and negative electrode liquid; graphite felt or carbon paper is used as a reaction electrode, a positive reaction electrode and a negative reaction electrode are separated by an anion exchange membrane, and reduced pyrroline / alkoxynitride free radicals and derivatives thereof are used as positive organicactive substances; one of viologen and derivatives thereof or zinc is used as a negative electrode active substance; according to the invention, pyrroline / alkoxy free radical active substances are adopted to show good oxidation-reduction reversibility and rapid reaction kinetics characteristics in a neutral aqueous solution, the battery performance, activity and safety are high when the battery isused in cooperation with a proper negative electrode, the battery can be widely applied with increasingly improved requirements for efficient and safe storage of wind energy and solar energy.

The invention discloses a novel bifunctional viologen ionic compound and a preparation method thereof. The structure of the viologen ionic compound is shown in formula I and formula II, wherein functional groups R1 and R2 are -CN, -Br, -NO2, -CHO, -COOH and -Bpin. The preparation method of the bifunctional viologen ionic compound comprises the following step: 4,4'-bipyridine and R functional groupsubstituted bromobenzyl as raw materials are subjected to one-step quaternization under the solvothermal condition, and the high-purity viologen ionic compound is prepared. Besides, the bifunctionalviologen ionic compound can be directly used as an electrochromic material and can also be used as an ionic monomer for preparation of a viologen-based porous ionic polymer material.

A display device comprises a light-transmittance-variable panel including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a first transparent electrode on the first substrate; a second transparent electrode on the second substrate; and an electrochromic layer between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode and containing a viologen compound; and a display panel on one side of the light-transmittance-variable panel and including a plurality of display units and a plurality of transparent units.

Disclosed are viologen derivatives as an electrochromic material having improved stability and lifetime, a metal oxide electrode including the same, and an electrochromic device using the viologen derivative as an electrochromic material. The viologen derivative includes a suitable regulator group capable of increasing ΔE that is a potential difference between E1 (potential at the first redox reaction) and E2 (potential at the second redox reaction). When ΔE increases, the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in the second reduction state decreases. Therefore, it is possible to lower the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in an irreversibly reduced state at an applied potential, thereby increasing the lifetime of an electrochromic material and an electrochromic device.

The invention relates to an electrochromic material, and a glare-proof rearview mirror containing the electrochromic material. The electrochromic material is a viologen compound, and the chemical structure of the viologen compound is represented by chemical formula (1) shown in the description; and in the chemical formula (1), each of X1 and X2 is halogen, and A<-> is a compensation ion. Comparedwith electrochromic materials having the disadvantage of high manufacturing cost due to too low material synthesis recovery rate in the prior art, the electrochromic material developed by especially modifying the chemical structure of the viologen compound has low manufacturing cost due to high material synthesis recovery rate. The glare-proof rearview mirror containing the electrochromic materialis different from electrochromic assemblies in the prior art, and has significant advantages in the reflectivity after discoloration.

The invention relates to a preparation and application of a novel viologen electrochromic material. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking 4,4'-bipyridyl as a raw material, and performing Menschutkin reaction with halogenated alkane to synthesize monosubstituted 4,4'-bipyridyl salt; then, importing aromatic groups into the monosubstituted 4,4'-bipyridyl salt to increase a conjugatedstructure of molecules, and then increasing the stability of the molecules and improving the radiation resistance and temperature resistance of molecular chains. In addition, along with the growth ofmolecular chains and the importing of the aromatic groups, the electron-deficient state on 4,4'-bipyridyl of the core group of the viologen compound is improved, a proper substituent is selected, different colors can be obtained by adjusting the molecular orbital energy level and the charge transfer capacity, and the possibility is provided for realizing multicolor display. The viologen electrochromic material obtained by the invention is higher in transmittance difference, quicker in color change, lower in color change voltage and longer in service life, and the electrochromic device preparedby using the viologen electrochromic material has outstanding color change performance and cost advantage.

The present invention relates an electro-active polymeric ionic liquid including imidazolium-based molecules, said imidazolium-based molecule comprising each at least: —one imidazolium moiety associated with a negatively-charged counter-ion, and —one reducible group selected from: Formula (IV), —an anthraquinone derivative of formula (IV): with R1 representing a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6-alkyl group, —a viologen group, and —a metallocene reducible group such as a cobaltocene group.

The invention discloses a high sensitivity color-changing acetophenone substituent viologen compound, which has a structural formula shown as the specification, wherein the molecular formula is C28H20N2O2Cl2. The synthesis steps include: (1) firstly taking a certain amount of 1, 2-bis(4-pyridine)ethylene and a certain amount of alpha-chloroacetophenone and mixing the two according to a molar ratio of 1:2.5 in a reaction bottle, and carrying out refluxing reaction at 90-120DEG C for 18-24h to obtain light yellow precipitate; (2) cooling the reacted light yellow precipitate to room temperature, performing centrifugation, and washing the precipitate with N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), high purity water and acetone 4-6 times respectively, then conducting centrifugal separation, and carrying out vacuum drying for 6-9h, thus obtaining the acetophenone substituent viologen compound. The viologen compound provided by the invention has stable cations, and can further improve the sensitivity of electronic induction. The synthesis reaction adopted by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of cheap raw materials, few side reaction, low solvent toxicity, simple operation, and high yield up to 60-70%, thus being suitable for mass production.

Provided is an organic light emitting element having stable performance in the air. The organic light emitting element includes: an anode; a cathode; and an emission layer placed between the anode and the cathode, in which: the organic light emitting element further includes a first organic compound layer placed between the cathode and the emission layer, and a second organic compound layer placed between the emission layer and the first organic compound layer, and contacted with the first organic compound layer; the first organic compound layer contains a first organic compound; the second organic compound layer contains a second organic compound; and the first organic compound includes a viologen compound represented by the following general formula [1] and the second organic compound includes an organic compound different from the viologen compound.

The present invention relates to an electrochromic composition comprising at least one reducing compound and at least two oxidizing compounds, said at least two oxidizing compounds having similar oxydo-reduction potentials. More specifically, said at least two oxidizing compounds are selected from viologen derivatives. Said composition can be used as a variable transmittance medium for the manufacture of an optical article, such as an ophthalmic lens.

The invention relates to thienyl and selenophenyl viologen derivatives, and a synthesis method and application thereof. An ideal electron acceptor material is obtained by combining a viologen compound with an electron donating thiophene group and a selenophenyl group, so that the conjugacy and the stability of the viologen derivatives are widened, rapid intramolecular electron transfer is realized, and the viologen derivatives have outstanding dynamic performance; and by introducing quaternary ammonium salt, the reduction threshold value of the material is greatly reduced, the solubility and the conductivity are improved, multi-electron charging and discharging can be performed, and the capacity is further improved. Single-electron charging and discharging can be performed by introducing hydroxyl, so that the structural stability is further improved; after bromide ions of the corresponding viologen derivative are converted into chloride ions, when the electrode material is applied to a neutral aqueous organic redox flow battery, the ions in the electrode material and ions in an electrolyte are kept consistent, and charges are balanced; and the molecular weight is reduced, the solubility is improved, and the influence of bromide ion electricity on an electrochemical test can be eliminated.

The invention discloses chalcogen bridged viologen small molecules, polymers, derivatives and application thereof. Chalcogen bridged viologen is synthesized by combining a viologen compound with the chalcogen. The compounds have the following characteristics: firstly, the compounds have rigider skeletons and additional redox centers; secondly, the compounds have low energy level difference and lowLUMO energy level, are good electron receptor materials and improve the electron transport performance; thirdly, red shift of optical absorption is transferred to a visible region, so that the compounds can be applied to the field of photocatalysis. According to the invention, the chalcogen bridged viologen is successfully synthesized and is applied to electrochromism and photocatalysis. By preparing the molecules into the polymers, a highly stable electrochromic device is prepared; in addition, multi-redox centers of the molecules are utilized to prepare organolithium / sodium ion batteries.

Comparing to conventional electrochromic material showing a primary drawback of high manufacturing cost due to low synthetic yield, the inventors of the present invention modulate the chemical structure of a traditional viologen compounds so as to develop a novel electrochromic material performing an excellent advantage of low manufacturing cost resulted from high recovery rate. Moreover, differing from conventional electrochromic devices (ECD) installed with the conventional electrochromic material, the inventors of the present invention also propose an anti-dazzle mirror having the novel electrochromic material, wherein the proposed anti-dazzle mirror shows an outstanding reflectivity performance.

The invention provides a viologen / cellulose nanocrystal composite film and a preparation method of same. The method includes the steps of: preparing a cellulose nanocrystal suspension liquid, a viologen solution and an electrolyte solution in different concentrations, and uniformly blending the three liquids according to certain ratio, and processing the mixture liquid into the film through a natural volatilization method. The viologen / cellulose nanocrystal composite film has excellent light transmittance and toughness, has electrochromic property, is simple in preparation method, and overcomes the defects of poor film forming property of the viologen and high preparation cost. The invention also provides a detachable electrochromic device, which is prepared by clamping a wetted composite film between two slices of transparent electric-conductive substrates to form a sandwich structure, and packaging the four edges with double faced adhesive tape. The detachable electrochromic device is convenient to recover, so that the application range of a viologen electrochromic device is enlarged.

The invention discloses a double-electron compound flow battery system based on salt cavern, which comprises a positive electrode active substance and a negative electrode active substance, and is characterized in that TEMPO4-sodium sulfonate is used as the positive electrode active substance, and an asymmetric dual-electron viologen compound is used as the negative electrode active substance. According to the invention, the positive electrode active substance and the negative electrode active substance are easy to prepare, and the reaction conditions are mild, the synthesis route is short andthe cost is low. The double-electron compound flow battery system can be suitable for a battery environment of a salt cavern system, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high cycle efficiency, adjustable properties and the like.

The invention discloses a conjugated expanded viologen derivative shown in a formula I, wherein X1 and X2 are any one of Cl, Br or I, and R1 and R2 are any one of a fat chain alkyl group or a mono aromatic group; and the conjugated expanded viologen derivative is prepared by reacting 1,2-bi(4-pyridyl)ethylene with halohydrocarbon in an organic solvent at a constant temperature of 30-80 DEG C during stirring. The conjugated expanded viologen derivative is similar to viologen, is an excellent cathode electrochromic material, has favorable electrochromism performance, and especially can display rare red, thereby expanding the color selection range of the electrochromic material, providing a novel red electrochromic display material for the colorful electrochromic material field, and having potential and extensive application prospect in the electrochromic field.

The invention provides an electrochromic compound and application thereof, an electrochromic device manufactured by using the electrochromic compound and application of the electrochromic device. According to the electrochromic compound, the conjugated structure of the molecule can be increased by introducing aromatic groups into bipyridine in a conventional viologen compound, so that the stability of the molecule is increased, and the radiation resistance and temperature resistance of the molecular chain are improved; moreover, as growth of the molecular chain and introduction of the aromaticgroups, the redox state of the viologen compound is changed, wherein more abundant color change can be provided for the viologen compound through a redox state rich in chromophore; and the obtained viologen electrochromic compound has a wider discoloration range, higher light transmittance difference values, higher discoloration sensitivity, faster discoloration, low discoloration voltage, and longer service life, and therefore the electrochromic device manufactured by using the electrochromic compound has obvious discoloration performance and cost advantages.