238 results about "Small deviations" patented technology

The invention provides an optical switch and modulator which uses a closed loop optical resonator. The optical resonator is a dielectric cavity whose primary function is to store optical power. Various structures are possible, and a particularly advantageous one is a ring shaped cavity. The wavelength response at the output port of a ring resonator side coupled to two waveguides is determined by the details of the resonator, and the coupling between the resonator and the waveguides. By coupling to adjacent resonators, the modulator response can be improved over that of a single resonator. One such improvement is in modulator efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the change in optical intensity at the output, to a change in absorption in the ring waveguides. Absorption is used for switching and modulation without incurring significant optical attenuation. Another improvement involves making the resonance insensitive to small deviations in wavelength or index change. The latter improves fabrication tolerances and compensates for possible drift of the signal wavelength. Collectively, the behavior of multiple coupled resonators yields higher order responses.

QSecure Validation Service (QVS™) is part of the QSecure Suite and includes a CVQ Table Generator (QTG) for use with a QBox™ card personalizer. In general, the QVS / QVM compares dynamic CVQ token data fetched by an issuer authorization host from a transaction then occurring in the field. An array of acceptable CVQ values computed in real-time from the original keys and algorithms used by the QTG and QBox to personalize the particular card are applied in the comparison. There is an order to the CVQ values in such array, and the dynamic CVQ token data will step through these over time. Small deviations in the order actually received can normally occur for reasons other than fraud, so a moving window of acceptance is needed to cope with normal deviations. A running account of which CVQ values have already been used is maintained for, or by, the QVS, and these help predict where the acceptance window should next be positioned in the array of acceptable CVQ values.

Systems and methods are provided for determining subsurface formation properties using an antenna system disposed within a borehole traversing the formation. A logging system includes a well tool implemented with an antenna system having transverse or tilted magnetic dipoles. One antenna implementation uses a set of three coils having non-parallel axes. Through mechanical or electromagnetic rotation of an antenna about its axis in order to maximize or minimize couplings, the systems and methods are used to estimate formation anisotropic resistivity, providing reduced borehole effects in vertical and small deviation wells. This invention may also be applied in deviated wells when the borehole is perpendicular to the strike direction, as is often the case in wireline logging.

The invention relates to side-scattering light guides that generally comprise a core of transparent optically homogenous material seeded with diffuser particles. The light guide also comprises an optically transmitting sheath, having a lower refractive index than the core, surrounding and in contact with the sides of the core to prevent any light being transmitted along the core from escaping through the core's sides. In general, the diffuser particles impart only a small deviation to light rays incident upon them, and are distributed to scatter light being transmitted along the core so that at least some of the scattered light exits the sides of the core. A diffusing jacket is arranged to intercept scattered light exiting the sides of the core.

A method for making a continuous polycondensation direct spinning cationic dye and tinctable polyester filament, it pertains to chemical art. Refining terephthalic acid and Glycol Monomer are raw materials, also including the preparation continuous polycondensation cationic dye and can-be-stained polyester and direct spinning dye tinctable polyester filament. In the present continuous polyester device, first beat the refining terephthalic acid and Glycol, then add Benzene PTA acid Glycol ester-5-Sodium and Ether-agent and stabilizer to get cationic dye tinctable polycondensation melt, then through pipeline, after measure, extrude, draw, wind to obtain cationic dye tinctable polyester pre-orientation silk or cationic dye can-be-stained polyester all-orientation silk. The invention has a short and less process, reasonable art. The quality of product is stable. And the fiber gained has high intensity, small deviation, and is dyed well-distributed, and has a better spinning quality. It can decrease production cost.

The invention relates to side-scattering light guides that generally comprise a core of transparent optically homogenous material seeded with diffuser particles. The light guide also comprises an optically transmitting sheath, having a lowerrefractive index than the core, surrounding and in contact with the sides of the core to prevent any light being transmitted along the core from escaping through the core's sides. In general, the diffuser particles impart only a small deviation to light rays incident upon them, and are distributed to scatter light being transmitted along the core so that at least some of the scattered light exits the sides of the core. A diffusing jacket is arranged to intercept scattered light exiting the sides of the core.

An aero-engine online optimization and multivariable control design method based on model predictive control achieves the control and online optimization of multiple variables of an aero-engine undera constraint and according to requirements of thrust and speed. A control system consists of two parts. The first part is a prediction model acquisition layer. Based on the actual working state of each control cycle and the external environmental parameters of the aero-engine, an engine small deviation linear model near different steady-state points is continuously established, and model parameters are provided for a model predictive controller. The second part is a control law decision layer. A closed-loop structure is formed by the model predictive controller and an external output feedback.The model predictive controller, based on an engine model in the current state, a control command and relevant constraint limits, determines the output of the controller at the next moment by solvinga linear optimization problem. The external output feedback introduces the aero-engine actual output into the decision on future controlled quantity of the controller to compensate for the influenceof model mismatch and external disturbances.

The use of time-lapsed NMR diffusivity measurements in an observation well is disclosed. The observation well is cased in the zone of interest with non-magnetic and non-conductive casing that is invisible to the NMR tool. Second, because NMR measurements have a dead zone in front of the antenna depending on the spatial variation of the fixed magnet strength, for example about 2.7 inches, a distance between the casing and the formation is reduced to less than the dead zone length by drilling the observation well at small deviation of about 5° and running the casing without centralizers. Both the casing and the pad-type NMR tool will follow the low side of the borehole, ensuring the measurement volume of the NMR tool is inside the formation and beyond the annulus. With the appropriate observation well completion, time-lapse diffusivity measurements with pad-type NMR tools can address several shortcomings in the current practice of monitoring EOR processes that rely upon changes in density and hydrogen index (HI). Various uses of NMR imaging in wells cased with non-metallic casing are also disclosed.

The invention discloses an improved droop control method based on a communication network for a distributed power source in a parallel connection operation mode in a micro power grid system. The defect of a traditional droop control method is overcome, the performance of the distributed power source in the parallel connection operation mode is improved, the stability of the system is improved, and the improved droop control method is suitable for control over the parallel connection operation mode in the micro power grid system which integrates with new energy resource distributed power generation. According to the improved droop control method, a communication network is used as the basis, a central controller in the micro power grid system and controllers of all inverter units form an entire control system, the active power and the reactive power of public loads are calculated, and the droop control scheme of each distributed power source is corrected. The scheme is used, a better power flow equalizing effect can be achieved, smaller deviation of busbar voltage frequency and amplitude is achieved, and a good application prospect is achieved.

The invention provides an automatic control method for zinc layer thickness in a continuous hot galvanizing zinc line. According to the method, a self-adaptive controller of a BP neural network structure and a delay estimation strategy are adopted to realize closed-loop precise control of a plating layer; a sampling thickness deviation of the plating layer is adopted as inputs of a self-adaptive control model of the BP neural network structure; and finally reasonable outputs are generated through data treatment of two groups of weighting factors [Delta]wij(n) and [Delta]hj(n) in the self-adaptive control model, so that air-knife pressure can be adjusted in time; and finally, the deviation between a preset value of the thickness of the plating layer and an actual sampling value becomes smaller and smaller. A learning algorithm of the weighting factors refreshes the weighting factors continuously by the smallest deviation between the preset value of the thickness of the plating layer and a measured value as a principle, and finally the results of self-adaptive adjustment of the two groups of the weighting factors make deviation between the preset value of the thickness of the plating layer and the actual sampling value tend to zero. The method can greatly reduce excessive consumption of zinc, improves surface quality of the hot galvanizing zinc plating layer, and increases added value of products.

The invention relates to a flat position single-seam symmetrical welding method for an orthotropic plate U-shaped rib corner welding seam robot. The method comprises the following steps that A, U-shaped rib groove processing, compression and bridge deck plate blanking are carried out for obtaining a U-shaped rib plate unit through assembly; B, the U-shaped rib plate unit is horizontally placed on a reverse deformation turning moulding bed, and the position of the U-shaped rib plate unit is regulated so that the center line of the U-shaped rib plate unit is coincident with the center line of the turning moulding bed; C, the U-shaped rib plate unit is clamped and fixed, in addition, reverse deformation is carried out, the turning angle of the reverse deformation turning moulding bed is regulated so that a U-shaped rib to be welded is positioned in the horizontal position, and in addition, an angle scale is used for detection; D, the welding program and the welding specification parameters are input into a robot automatic welding system so that two welding hands arranged on a robot cantilever respectively and simultaneously carry out flat position single-seam welding on the angle welding seams of the two sides of the U-shaped rib. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the U-shaped rib is assembled on the platform, the assembling precision is high, and a gap between the U-shaped rib and a bridge deck plate can be enabled to be within 0.5mm. The robot automatic welding hand has the electric arc tracking function, the change of the welding current and the electric arc voltage is sensed through swinging in the welding process, and the small deviation of a weld pass is corrected.

The use of time-lapsed NMR diffusivity measurements in an observation well is disclosed. The observation well is cased in the zone of interest with non-magnetic and non-conductive casing that is invisible to the NMR tool. Second, because NMR measurements have a dead zone in front of the antenna depending on the spatial variation of the fixed magnet strength, for example about 2.7 inches, a distance between the casing and the formation is reduced to less than the dead zone length by drilling the observation well at small deviation of about 5° and running the casing without centralizers. Both the casing and the pad-type NMR tool will follow the low side of the borehole, ensuring the measurement volume of the NMR tool is inside the formation and beyond the annulus. With the appropriate observation well completion, time-lapse diffusivity measurements with pad-type NMR tools can address several shortcomings in the current practice of monitoring EOR processes that rely upon changes in density and hydrogen index (HI). Various uses of NMR imaging in wells cased with non-metallic casing are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a circuit for realizing fast dynamic load response by a Buck type DC / DC (direct current / direct current) converter. The load current change can be fast responded, and the output voltage deviation amplitude is reduced, so that the total required capacity of an outer capacitor is reduced. The circuit consists of a current sampling circuit, a signal processing circuit and a signal injection circuit, wherein the current sampling circuit consists of a sampling resistor or a resistance and capacitance series circuit connected with an output inductor in parallel, and for the second scheme, the other end of a capacitor is connected to the output voltage end. Voltage signals at two ends of the capacitor and the load current form the direct proportion, the signal processing circuit carries out amplification on direct current components and suppression on alternating current components in the voltage signals, the output of the signal processing circuit is injected into the negative feedback input end of a PWM (pulse width modulation) controller in an alternating current coupling mode by the signal injection circuit, the output duty ratio is forced to be fast regulated, the goals of fast response and small deviation oscillation amplitude are achieved, and the stability of the system steady work is not influenced. The circuit is also applicable to converters such as multi-phase Buck converters, normal shock converters, half-bridge converters and full-bridge converters.

A workspace expansion controller for human interface systems is provided. The controller resolves the physical workspace constraint by relocating the physical workspace of the device mapped inside the environment (virtual or robot) towards the area of interest of the operator without disturbing his or her perception of the environment. The controller is based on the fact that people are greatly influenced by what they perceive visually and often do not notice small deviations in their hand unless that small deviation has a corresponding visual component. With this new control approach the operator can explore much larger workspaces without losing spatial resolution through high scaling factors and thus avoid the drawbacks of indexing common with current approaches.

The present invention provides a modeling method for 3D discrete element method numerical model of complicated terrain based on contour line, and belongs to numerical simulation research fields in geological engineering and mining engineering fields. The method comprises: firstly, acquiring a digital topographic map of a modeling area, encrypting elevation points at a boundary of the area and an area with sparse elevation points and obtaining elevation values of each encrypted elevation point, and extracting 3D spatial information of each elevation point and saving the information; then performing surface spline interpolation on the digital topographic map, and drawing a modeling area surface 3D graphics; inputting the 3D spatial information of all the elevation points after surface splineinterpolation into a final terrain data file, and establishing a 3D numerical model by 3D discrete element method software; and by comparison and verification with the surface 3D graphics, obtaininga final 3D discrete element method numerical model of the modeling area. According to the method, high-precision numerical modeling can be performed on any complicated terrain area, and the established model surface has smaller deviation than the actual terrain surface, and the method has higher application value.

The invention discloses a digital filtering method for processing touch screen flying spots. By amplitude limit added with median number, the data collected on the touch screen has digital filtering processing, and the discipline of flying spots of the touch screen is analyzed; there is no flying-spot phenomenon when the pen slides, and there is flying-spot phenomenon just when the pen falls or rises. Moreover, the discipline of flying spots is that X coordinate is mainly flied to O and Y coordinate is mainly flied to around the middle position of the screen. Therefore, the flying spots of X coordinate can be efficiently eliminated by using a limiter; for the Y coordinate, 6 continuous collected data is processed and sorted by using bubble sorting so as to eliminate the maximum value and minimum value, and the 4 values in middle carry out arithmetic mean. Therefore, the spots flied at the middle position of the screen are efficiently eliminated, the sample rate of the touch screen is not reduced, and simultaneously the filtering method is also used for the X coordinate. The method provides the advantages of being capable of efficiently eliminating flying spots having smaller deviation, also having very good inhibitory effect for flying spots having bigger deviation but not reducing the sample rate of the touch screen. There is no flying spot when the user uses the touch screen, touch screen data can be quickly obtained, which is very stable and reliable.

Disclosed is a wide-band dispersion controlled optical fiber. The optical fiber enables the use of optical signals in various wavelength regions in a wavelength division multiplexing mode communication network by controlling the position of the zero dispersion wavelength, and enables long distance transmission by controlling dispersion slope and bending loss. Furthermore, there is an advantage in that the optical fiber enables not only short distance transmission but also middle / long distance transmission using a single type of optical fiber because the optical fiber is controlled to have negative dispersion values in the O-band wavelength region and positive dispersion values with small deviations in the C-band and L-band wavelength regions.

A perforated tray without downcomer having only a small deviation between the opening ratio based on the diameter of a column and the actual opening ratio and a perforated tray column without downcomer formed by disposing such perforated trays without downcomer are provided. The perforated trays without downcomer are characterized by having a ratio of (A) / (B) in the range of 1.1-1.5, wherein A denotes the opening ratio found from the standard pitch between centers of holes and (B) denotes the opening ratio based on the diameter of a column.

Systems and methods are provided for determining subsurface formation properties using an antenna system disposed within a borehole traversing the formation. A logging system includes a well tool implemented with an antenna system having transverse or tilted magnetic dipoles. One antenna implementation uses a set of three coils having non-parallel axes. Through mechanical or electromagnetic rotation of an antenna about its axis in order to maximize or minimize couplings, the systems and methods are used to estimate formation anisotropic resistivity, providing reduced borehole effects in vertical and small deviation wells. This invention may also be applied in deviated wells when the borehole is perpendicular to the strike direction, as is often the case in wireline logging.

The invention discloses a robot tool central point calibration method using a two-dimensional measurement functional tablet. A robot is controlled to enable a TCP to make contact with a measurement area of a calibration tool more than three times in different postures in the calibration process, joint coordinate information of the robot is recorded in the contact process, and the two-dimensional coordinates of the contact points in a measurement plane are output through the two-dimensional position measurement function of the calibration tool; the coordinates of the TCP in a robot tail end tool coordinate system are calculated according to measured joint rotation angle information of the robot and the coordinate data of the contact points on the tablet and in combination with the structural parameters of the robot, and the calibration accuracy is evaluated. According to the calibration method, the TCP of the robot does not need to coincide with the same fixed point multiple times, the point-point coincidence requirement is weakened to point-surface coincidence, and operation is easy. When the TCP of the robot has small deviation, autonomous calibration can be realized.

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional time sequence classification method based on mahalanobis distance DTW, and relates to the multi-dimensional time sequence classification method. In order to solve the problems that aiming at satellite telemetry data, a fixed point segmentation effect is non-ideal, due to the facts that relativity exists between multi-dimensional time sequences and small deviation exists between the time sequences, a measuring result is not accurate, therefore a classification result is not accurate, and the multi-dimensional time sequence classification method based on the mahalanobis distance DTW is provided. The method comprises the steps that 1 a multi-dimensional time sequence X={x <1>, x <2>, ..., x<j>, ..., x<n>} used for training and a classification label L={l<1>, l<2>, ..., l<n>}are obtained; 2 a to-be-classified multi-dimensional time sequence X'={x' <1>, x' <2>, ..., x'<j>, ..., x'<n>} is extracted; 3 a DTW distance sequence between the X'={x' <1>, x' <2>, ..., x'<j>, ..., x'<n>} and the X={x <1>, x <2>, ..., x<j>, ..., x<n>} is calculated; 4 classification is conducted on the to-be-classified multi-dimensional time sequence X'={x' <1>, x' <2>, ..., x'<j>, ..., x'<m>} according to neighboring numbers of K which is set by using a KNN classification method based on the mahalanobis DTW distance, and the classification of the to-be-classified multi-dimensional time sequence is determined. The method is applied to the field of multi-dimensional time sequence classification.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic power generation maximum power point tracking fuzzy proportion integration differentiation (PID) control method which is basically that the duty ratio of a Boost circuit is directly used as a control variable, the conventional PID control is added on the basis of fuzzy control, the fuzzy control is adopted to quickly response and adjust within a large deviation range, the conventional PID control is adopted to accurately adjust within a small deviation range, and two algorithms are switched in a threshold comparison mode. The method realizes both the accuracy and rapidity of photovoltaic power generation maximum power point tracking.

Phase contrast imaging is achieved using a sample mask 8 and a detector mask (6). X-rays emitted from x-ray source (2) are formed into individual beams (16) by sample mask which pass through sample (14) and arrive at individual pixels (12) of the detector (4) through detector mask (6). The individual x-ray beams are arranged to hit the pixel edge (20) of individual rows of pixels, individual columns of pixels or individual pixels. Small deviations θ in the individual beams (16) cause a significant increase or decrease in the signal hitting the exposed area (22) of the pixel resulting in a significant phase contrast signal.

An improved aperture arrangement in a device for defining a pattern on a target, for use in a particle-beam exposure apparatus, by being irradiated with a beam of electrically charged particles and allowing passage of the beam only through a plurality of apertures. The device includes an aperture array having a plurality of apertures of identical shape defining the shape and relative position of beamlets permeating the apertures. A blanking device switches off the passage of selected beamlets permeating the apertures and defined by them. The apertures are arranged on the aperture array according to an arrangement deviating from a regular arrangement by small deviations, adjusting for distortions caused by the particle-beam exposure apparatus, and the size of the apertures of the aperture array differs across the aperture array in order to allow for an adjustment of the current radiated on the target through the apertures and the corresponding openings.

The invention discloses a method capable of reducing a torque tracking error of a switched reluctance motor. The method is characterized in that a flexible torque distribution mode is adopted to control an instantaneous torque, and the degree of the torque tracking error, which serves as a control variable, is limited through the online regulation of a turn-on angle, so as to allow the instantaneous torque output by the motor to track a reference torque in a small deviation manner as far as possible, so that both torque ripple and noise of the motor are reduced, and the smooth operation of the motor is ensured.

The invention belongs to the field of virtual synchronous motor control and particularly relates to a virtual synchronous generator control method based on droop coefficient adaptive adjustment. The problem that electrical equipment is sensitive to the change of a frequency and a voltage amplitude, and a VSG can maintain the balance of the microgrid power facing the change of a microgrid load in an off-grid operation mode, and the no-deviating regulation of the frequency and the Small deviation of phase voltage amplitude adjustment are achieved.

The invention discloses a microseismic / acoustic emission source localization method in a complex structure with an empty space. The method comprises the following steps of: the step 1, installing sensors at different positions on a two-dimensional location area; the step 2, recording difference of actual time of receiving P-wave signals generated by an unknown microseismic / acoustic emission sourceby different sensors; the step 3, selecting nodes on the location area, and calculating the difference of theoretical travel time of the P-wave signals generated by the microseismic / acoustic emissionsource and excited at the nodes from the nodes to different sensors; and the step 4, determining the degree of deviation between each node and the unknown microseismic / acoustic emission source according to the actual time difference and the difference of theoretical travel time to determine a node having the smallest deviation from the microseismic / acoustic emission source, and taking the node coordinates as the location coordinates of the microseismic / acoustic emission source.

The invention discloses a method and device for realizing game traffic estimation. The method includes: predicting and obtaining the predicted value of the holiday to be predicted according to the historical statistical data of the operation of the game business; after obtaining the predicted value of the holiday to be predicted, calculating the difference between the holiday to be predicted in the historical year and other The association relationship between holidays is obtained from the association relationship to obtain the historical holidays associated with the holidays to be predicted; according to the similar historical statistical data of the game business volume, the predicted value of the holiday to be predicted is processed by gain processing, and the predicted value is obtained through the gain processing of the predicted value. Revise the predicted value. Therefore, for the predicted value of the game business volume corresponding to the abnormal operation of the holiday, it is possible to make corrections consistent with the abnormal operation situation corresponding to the holiday based on similar historical statistical data, so that the forecast of the game business volume is in line with the holiday. In a special scenario, there are advantages of high precision and small deviation.