701 results about "Plasma concentration" patented technology

A pharmaceutical dosage form such as a capsule capable of delivering therapeutic agents into the body in a time-controlled or position-controlled pulsatile release fashion, is composed of a multitude of multicoated particulates (beads, pellets, granules, etc.) made of one or more populations of beads. Each of these beads except an immediate release bead has at least two coated membrane barriers. One of the membrane barriers is composed of an enteric polymer while the second membrane barrier is composed of a mixture of water insoluble polymer and an enteric polymer. The composition and the thickness of the polymeric membrane barriers determine the lag time and duration of drug release from each of the bead populations. Optionally, an organic acid containing intermediate membrane may be applied for further modifying the lag time and / or the duration of drug release. The pulsatile delivery may comprise one or more pulses to provide a plasma concentration-time profile for a therapeutic agent, predicted based on both its pharmaco-kinetic and pharmaco-dynamic considerations and in vitro / in vivo correlations.

A pharmaceutical dosage form which comprises promethazine and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one second drug. The dosage form provides a plasma concentration within the therapeutic range of the at least one second drug over a period which is coextensive with a substantial part of the period over which the dosage form provides a plasma concentration within the therapeutic range of promethazine or salt thereof. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

A unit dosage form, such as a capsule or the like, for delivering a skeletal muscle relaxant, such as cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, into the body in an extended or sustained release fashion comprising one or more populations of drug-containing particles (beads, pellets, granules, etc.) is disclosed. At least one bead population exhibits a pre-designed sustained release profile. Such a drug delivery system is designed for once-daily oral administration to maintain an adequate plasma concentration—time profile, thereby providing relief of muscle spasm associated with painful musculoskeletal conditions over a 24 hour period.

A method of vehicle modulated administration of an anticonvulsive agent to the nasal mucous membranes of humans and animals is disclosed. The vehicle system is an aqueous pharmaceutical carrier comprising an aliphatic alcohol, a glycol and a biological surfactant such as a bile salt or a lecithin. The pharmaceutical composition provides a means to control and promote the rate and extent of transmucosal permeation and absorption of the medicaments via a single and multiple administration. Nasal administration of the pharmaceutical preparation produces a high plasma concentration of the anticonvulsant nearly as fast as intravenous administration. Such compositions are particularly suitable for a prompt and timely medication of patients in the acute and / or emergency treatment of status epilepticus and other fever-induced seizures.

The present invention provides: a modified FcRn-binding domain having an enhanced affinity for the Fc Receptor neonatal (FcRn) at neutral pH; an antigen-binding molecule comprising said FcRn-binding domain, which has low immunogenicity, high stability and form only a few aggregates; a modified antigen-binding molecule having an increased FcRn-binding activity at neutral or acidic pH without an increased binding activity at neutral pH for a pre-existing anti-drug antibody; use of the antigen-binding molecules for improving antigen-binding molecule-mediated antigen uptake into cells; use of the antigen-binding molecules for reducing the plasma concentration of a specific antigen; use of the modified FcRn-binding domain for increasing the total number of antigens to which a single antigen-binding molecule can bind before its degradation; use of the modified FcRn-binding domain for improving pharmacokinetics of an antigen-binding molecule; methods for decreasing the binding activity for a pre-existing anti-drug antibody; and methods for producing said antigen-binding molecules.

The present invention relates to optimal compositions useful in treating HCV infections in humans. These compositions comprise alpha-interferon or pegylated alpha-interferon and an IMPDH inhibitor selected from VX-148 or VX-944, wherein the IMPDH inhibitor is present in an amount such that a ratio of Cavg / Cmin is between 1 to 10, wherein:Cavg is average plasma concentration produced by said IMPDH inhibitor in said human; andCmin is estimated trough concentration produced by said IMPDH inhibitor in said human.The present invention also relates to methods of producing and using the optimal compositions to treat HCV infections in humans.

An analgesic and a delivery agent are combined in a pharmaceutical composition such that, on introduction into the nasal cavity of a patient to be treated, the analgesic may be delivered to the bloodstream to produce within 30 minutes a therapeutic plasma concentration, Cther, of 0.2 ng / ml or greater which is maintained for a duration Tmaint of at least 2 hours. The analgesic may be an opioid analgesic or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

The present invention relates to metformin glycinate salt and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The method includes administration of the metformin glycinate salt by various routes selected from oral, intravenous injectable, intramuscular injectable, nasal, intraperitoneal, or sublingual, in order to achieve a reduction in blood glucose levels. The invention further relates to the synthesis of a new 1,1-dimethylbiguanide glycinate salt, called Metformin Glycinate. The resulting salt exhibits advantages over other metformin salts. These advantages are due, in the first place, to the fact that the glycine counterion exhibits hypoglycemic effects by itself. Moreover, the salt exhibits more rapid absorption, reaching higher plasma concentrations than those produced with metformin hydrochloride.

The invention relates to solid microparticulate oral dosage forms having a composition that prevents the misuse of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) contained therein. The aim of the invention is to prevent the improper use of solid oral drugs for any use other than the therapeutic use(s) officially approved by the appropriate public health authorities. Another aim of the invention is to provide novel analgesic drugs which can be used to: prevent the misuse of, and addiction to certain analgesics and / or to control plasma concentration variability and / or to facilitate oral; administration; and / or to combine analgesics with one another and / or with one or more active ingredients in the same oral form. More specifically, the invention relates to a solid oral drug form comprising anti-misuse means and at least one active ingredient, which is characterized in that: at least part of the active ingredient is contained in microparticles; and the anti-misuse means comprise anti-crushing means (a) which enable the microparticles of the active ingredient to resist crushing, such as to prevent the misuse thereof. According to the invention, the drug form can also comprise means (b) for preventing the misuse of the active ingredient following a possible liquid extraction process.

Rosiglitazone is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes. Methods for the formation of amorphous rosiglitazone and formulations comprising the amorphous rosiglitazone are described. Other formulations include pulsed-release formulations and formulations for retention in the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract. Controlled-release dosage form include those wherein the maximum plasma concentration of rosiglitazone occurs greater than one hour after administration to a human and / or wherein less than 75 percent by weight of the rosiglitazone is released at 1 hour after immersion in simulated gastric fluid.