39 results about "Peroxisome Proliferation" patented technology

A compound represented by the following general formula (I):(wherein R1 represents phenyl, etc. which can have substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkyl having halogen, halogen, hydroxyl, etc.; R2 represents C1-8 alkyl, etc.; A represents oxygen, sulfur, etc.; X represents C1-8 alkylene chain, etc.; Y represents C(═O), CH═CH, etc.; R3, R4, and R5 each represents hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, etc.; B represents CH or nitrogen; Z represents oxygen or sulfur; R6 and R7 each represents hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, etc.; and R8 represents hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl; provided that at least one of R3, R4, and R5 is not hydrogen) or a salt of the compound; and a PPAR-δ activator which contains the compound or salt as the active ingredient.

Disclosed is a compound represented by Structural Formula (I): Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group. Q is a covalent bond, —CH2— or —CH2CH2—; W is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkylene linking group from two to ten atoms in length, preferably from two to seven atoms in length. Phenyl Ring A is optionally substituted with up to four substituents in addition to R1 and W, R1 is (CH2)n—CH(OR2)—(CH2)mE1, —(CH)═C(OR2)—(CH2)mE, —(CH2)n—CH(Y)—(CH2)mE or (CH)═C(Y)—(CH2)mE; wherein E is COOR3, C1–C3 alkylnitrile, carboxamide, sulfonamide, acylsulfonamide or tetrazole and wherein sulfonamide, acylsulfonamide and tetrazole are optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from: C1–C6 alkyl, haloalkyl and aryl-C0-4-alkyl; R2 is H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, haloalkyl, an aromatic group, a substituted aromatic group, —COR4, —COOR4, —CONR5R6, —C(S)R4, —C(S)OR4 or C(S)NR5R6, R3 is H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a substituted aromatic group. Y is O—, CH2—, —CH2CH2— or CH═CH— and is bonded to a carbon atom in Phenyl Ring A that is ortho to R1. R4–R6 are independently H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a substituted aromatic group. n and m are independently 0, 1 or 2

The present invention is directed to compounds represented by the following structural formula, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, Formula I. (Formula I); wherein: (a) R5 is selected from the group consisting of (C1–C6)alkyl, (C1–C6)alkenyl, aryl (C0–C4)alkyl, aryloxy(C0–C4)alkyl, arylthio(C0–C4)alkyl, and further wherein when R5 is alkyl, R5 can optionally combine with W to form a 6 membered cycloheteroalkyl ring that is fused with the oxazole or thiazole ring to which the R5 group is attached; (b) R9 is selected from the group consisting of C1–C5alkyl, C1–C5alkenyl, and arylC0–C3alkyl. (c) T1 is selected from the group consisting of C and N, (d) W is selected from the group consisting of CH2, C(O)N(R21), N(R21), N(R21)CH2, O, OCH2, S, and SO2; and (e) X is selected from the group consisting of C, CH2C, and CCH2

The present invention provides the S enantiomer of a compound of formula (I); wherein R1 represents 2,4-difluorophenyl or cyclohexyl as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, crystalline forms and prodrugs thereof, to processes for preparing such compounds, to their the utility in treating clinical conditions including lipid disorders (dyslipidemias) whether or not associated with insulin resistance, to methods for their therapeutic use and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

The present invention is directed to compounds represented by the following structural formula, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, Formula I: wherein: (a) R5 is selected from the group consisting of (C1-C6) alkyl, (C1-C6) alkenyl, substituted aryl(C0-C4)alkyl, substituted aryloxy(C0-C4)alkyl, substituted arylthio(C0-C4)alkyl, unsubstituted aryl(C0-C4)alkyl, unsubstituted aryloxy(C0-C4)alkyl, and unsubstituted arylthio(C0-C4)alkyl; (b) T1 is C or N; (c) Q is selected from the group consisting of O, a single bond, O(CH2)q and C; (d) q is 1 or 2; (e) W is selected from the group consisting of O, S, (CH2)rN(R20)(CH2)k, NHSO2, C(O)N(R20)(CH2)r, (CH2)rN(R20)C(O), and SO2; (f) X is CmH2m; (g) m is 0, 1 or 2; (h) A is an functional group selected from the group consisting of carboxyl, C1-C3 alkylnitrile, carboxamide, and (CH2)n COOR19; and (i) R19 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-C4alkyl and optionally substituted arylmethyl

Compositions comprising the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)-ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0 / 18:1-GPC) are disclosed. These compositions may be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of PPARα-related liver disorders including, but not necessarily limited to, fatty liver disease, to lower lipid and triglyceride levels, and to increase high density lipoprotein levels in animals. Foods modified with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0 / 18:1GPC) may be used to improve the metabolism of animals.

Disclosed is a compound represented by Structural Formula (I): Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group. Q is a covalent bond, —CH2— or —CH2CH2—; W is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkylene linking group from two to ten atoms in length, preferably from two to seven atoms in length. Phenyl Ring A is optionally substituted with up to four substituents in addition to R1 and W. R1 is —(CH2)n—CH(OR2)—(CH2)mE, —(CH)═C(OR2)—(CH2)mE, —(CH2)n—CH(Y)—(CH2)mE or —(CH)═C(Y)—(CH2)mE; wherein E is COOR3, C1-C3-alkylnitrile, carboxamide, sulfonamide, acylsulfonamide or tetrazole and wherein sulfonamide, acylsulfonamide and tetrazole are optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from: C1-C6 alkyl, haloalkyl and aryl-C0-4-alkyl; R2 is —H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, haloalkyl, an aromatic group, a substituted aromatic group, —COR4, —COOR4, —CONR5R6, —C(S)R4, —C(S)OR4 or —C(S)NR5R6. R3 is —H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a substituted aromatic group. Y is —O—, —CH2—, —CH2CH2— or —CH═CH— and is bonded to a carbon atom in Phenyl Ring A that is ortho to R1. R4-R6 are independently —H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a substituted aromatic group. n and m are independently 0, 1 or 2.

The present invention is directed to compounds of the structural Formula: wherein: R<1> is -H or -C1-C3 alkyl; R<2> is selected from the group consisting of -H, -C1-C4 alkyl, -C1-C3 alkyl-CF3, phenyl, and pyridinyl; and R<3> is selected from the group consisting of -H, -C1-C4 alkyl, -C1-C3 alkyl-O-CH3, -CH2-cyclopropyl, -CH2-C=CH2, -CH2CH2-(2-F-phenyl), and phenyl substituted with from 1 to 2 fluorines; provided that when R<1> and R<2> are each H, then R<3> is selected from the group consisting of -C1-C4 alkyl, -C1-C3 alkyl-O-CH3, -CH2-cyclopropyl, -CH2-C=CH2, -CH2CH2-(2-F-phenyl), and phenyl substituted with from 1 to 2 fluorines; or stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

The present invention relates to a family of differently substituted oxazolidinones and to the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, prodrugs, tautomers, solvates and hydrates thereof, which show affinity for the alpha and gamma subtypes of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and which, therefore, modulate the actions regulated by said receptors, such as inducing satiety, controlling ingestion and modulating metabolic effects, and thus are useful for the administration thereof as a pharmacological tool and as drugs for the treatment and / or prevention of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

An application of the gingko biloba extract (GBE) in decreasing cholesterol by regulating the crucial enzyme genes associated with the cholesterol metabolism, such as Cyp7alphal, Hmgcr, Ppar and Rxr, is disclosed.

This invention provides pertains to the discovery that that nicotine interrupts molecular signaling between endodermal and mesodermal cells of the lung alveolus. Treatment of the lung with specific molecular agents (e.g., PPAR gamma agonists) can prevent and / or reverse the injury caused by nicotine.