431 results about "Beta cell" patented technology

The methods include selectively reducing or expanding T cells according to the antigenic specificity of the T cells. Therefore, the present invention can be used to reduce or eliminate pathogenic T cells that recognize autoantigens, such as beta cell specific T cells. As such, the present invention can be used to prevent, treat or ameliorate autoimmune diseases such as IDDM. Furthermore, the present invention can be used to expand desirable T cells, such as anti-pathogenic T cells to prevent, treat and / or ameliorate autoimmune diseases.

A human immature endocrine cell population and methods for making an immature endocrine cell population are provided. Specifically, immature beta cells and methods for production of immature beta cells are described. Immature beta cells co-express INS and NKX6.1 and are uni-potent and thereby develop into mature beta cells when implanted in vivo. The mature beta cells in vivo are capable of producing insulin in response to glucose stimulation.

Disclosed herein are methods, compositions, kits, and agents useful for inducing β cell maturation, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for using are provided for restoring β-cell mass and function in a mammal in need thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions have a biological response modifier and a β-cell growth factor in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.

A human immature endocrine cell population and methods for making an immature endocrine cell population are provided. Specifically, immature beta cells and methods for production of immature beta cells are described. Immature beta cells co-express INS and NKX6.1 and are uni-potent and thereby develop into mature beta cells when implanted in vivo. The mature beta cells in vivo are capable of producing insulin in response to glucose stimulation.

The present invention relates to the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) for use in the protection of pancreatic islet cells. Preferably the pancreatic islet cells to be protected are beta cells. More preferably the protection of the pancreatic islet cells maintains insulin production at levels which are able to substantially control or improve control of blood glucose levels in a patient.

Provided are methods for determining concurrently with a simple, minimally invasive test, the adequacy of pancreatic beta-cell compensation and / or the presence of tissue insulin resistance in a subject human or an experimental animal. The methods allow for the determination of a subject's or experimental animal's susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) or to progression to more advanced forms of DM2. Among other uses, the methods allow for diagnostic classification of subjects for decisions regarding therapeutic interventions, clinical differentiation between type 1 DM and DM2, clinical monitoring of treatments intended to reduce risk of developing DM2 in non-diabetic subjects, clinical monitoring of agents intended to improve existing DM2 and to prevent progression of DM2, clinical development and testing of new compounds, candidate agents, or candidate therapies for preventing progression to DM2 or disease progression in existing DM2, and preclinical screening of candidate agents or candidate therapies in experimental animals to identify and characterize agents having insulin-sensitizing properties, pancreatic stimulatory or regenerative properties or other desirable actions.

The invention discloses exendin-4, an analog fusion protein thereof, the corresponding polynucleotide sequence, carrier, host cell and pharmaceutical composite and a preparation method and applications of the fusion protein. The fusion protein is prepared by fusing exendin-4 and analog thereof with human immunoglobulin IgG2-Fc through special connecting peptide and has better stability and loner half-life in vivo. The fusion protein can be administered by performing local delivery, using aerosol and using injection. The fusion protein can promote the regeneration and repair of islet beta cells, increase islet beta cells, promote the secretion of insulin and improve the sensitivity of organism to insulin. The fusion protein is used to cure diabetes, adiposity and other diseases which can be benefited by reducing plasma glucose and inhibiting gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying.

Advanced Bioreactor Cell Culture Technology presents a method of cell culturing and bioprocessing incorporating molecular biology techniques, advanced process control methodology, and a process control interface applied to a two liquid phase cell culture bioreactors to proliferate, grow, and expand non-differentiated precursor cells, embryonic stem (ES) cells, endocrine progenitor cells, pancreatic progenitor cells, pancreatic stem cells, pancreatic duct epithelial cells, nestin-positive islet-derived progenitor cells (NIPs), or pluripotent non-embryonic stem (PNES) cells in the bioreactor, and influence, stimulate, and induce the non-differentiated precursors and progenitors into fully differentiated beta cell phenotypes; including microprocessor control of cell culture process variables and data acquisition during bioprocessing. The invention may be applied to precursors and progenitor cells either transgenic or non-transgenic derived from animals and mammals.

Disclosed herein are methods, compositions, kits, and agents useful for inducing β cell maturation, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

A cell composition of endocrine progenitor cells derived from mammalian pancreatic islet cells that can be trans-planted into a diabetic patient such that the cells of the cell composition differentiates into functioning insulin-producing beta cells.

The invention provides a pegylated exenatide ramification (Exendin-4-Cys-PEG (polyethylene glycol)) and the use of the pegylated exenatide ramification, belonging to the technical field of the preparation and the application of a polypeptide drug. A preparation method of the pegylated exenatide ramification provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: introducing a cysteine at the C-end of exenatide, and coupling maleic acylamino polyethylene glycol, so that the pegylated exenatide ramification can be formed. The pegylated exenatide ramification provided by the invention has slow clearance rate in the blood circulation and prolonged half-life period, and can be used for preparing the related illness treatment drugs for reducing the blood sugar, reducing the ingestion, reducing the gastrointestinal emptying, increasing the beta cell quantity or reducing the gastrointestinal motility.

Provided herein are methods for the in vitro differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells, which have been expanded and / or maintained under defined conditions, into endodermal precursor cells (EPCs) that are capable of producing mono-hormonal beta cells.

The invention discloses a mesenchymal stem cell injection, a preparation method and application of the mesenchymal stem cell injection in preparing a medicine for treating diabetes; the mesenchymal stem cells are derived from human umbilical cord and placenta; the mesenchymal stem cell injection consists of components: human mesenchymal stem cells, human albumin, low molecular heparin calcium, compound amino acid, vitamin C of 0.5% and dissolving medium; and the dissolving medium can be a compound electrolyte solution or glucose or normal saline. According to the mesenchymal stem cell injection, the preparation method and the application of the mesenchymal stem cell injection in preparing the medicine for treating the diabetes, the mesenchymal stem cell injection is used for repairing injured islet beta cells, and the blood sugar is reduced by secretion of the endogenous insulin, therefore, a purpose of foundational treating the diabetes is achieved. A disease course of the diabetes can be reversed, patients are helped in escaping out of inconvenience and toxic and side effects of taking the endogenous drug and injecting the insulin as well as serious complications caused by poor control of the blood sugar; and the 1-type and 2-type diabetes are treated thoroughly.

Methods and compositions for treating diabetes mellitus in a patient in need thereof are provided. The methods include administering to a patient a composition providing a gastrin / CCK receptor ligand, e.g., a gastrin, and / or an epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligand, e.g., TGF-alpha, in an amount sufficient to effect differentiation of pancreatic islet precursor cells to mature insulin-secreting cells. The composition can be administered systemically or expressed in situ by cells transgenically supplemented with one or both of a gastrin / CCK receptor ligand gene, e.g., a preprogastrin peptide precursor gene and an EGF receptor ligand gene, e.g., a TGF-alpha gene. The methods also include transplanting into a patient cultured pancreatic islets in which mature insulin-secreting beta cells are proliferated by exposure to a gastrin / CCK receptor ligand and an EGF receptor ligand.

Methods and compositions are described for the treatment of type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and other conditions using newly identified stem cells that are capable of differentiation into a variety of pancreatic islet cells, including insulin-producing beta cells, as well as hepatocytes. Nestin has been identified as a molecular marker for pancreatic stem cells, while cytokeratin-19 serves as a marker for a distinct class of islet ductal cells. Methods are described whereby nestin-positive stem cells can be isolated from pancreatic islets and cultured to obtain further stem cells or pseudo-islet like structures. Methods for ex vivo differentiation of the pancreatic stem cells are disclosed. Methods are described whereby pancreatic stem cells can be isolated, expanded, and transplanted into a patient in need thereof, either allogeneically, isogeneically or xenogenically, to provide replacement for lost or damaged insulin-secreting cells or other cells.

Flavonoids, especially luteolin, are shown to be effective against insulin dependent (Type I) and insulin independent (Type II) diabetes mellitus. It is demonstrated that luteolin works in mammals by binding and blocking the Kv1.3 potassium channel of T-cell and Beta cells. Antidiabetic and anti-autoimmune compounds can be selected by measuring their ability to bind to and block the Kv1.3 channel.

Disclosed is a method for obtaining glucose-regulated expression of active insulin in the cells of a mammalian subject. The method involves delivering into the subject a genetic construct comprising a coding sequence for a human proinsulin operably connected a promoter functional in the host cells. The construct includes a glucose responsive regulatory module having at least one glucose inducible regulatory element comprising a pair of CACGTG motifs linked by a five base nucleotide sequence, which confers glucose inducible expression of the proinsulin coding sequence. To ensure proper processing of the proinsulin to active insulin, the coding sequence was modified to direct the synthesis of a mutant proinsulin polypeptide having amino acid sequences that can be cleaved to mature insulin in suitable host cells, such as hepatocytes.

The present invention provides a method of stimulating growth of a pancreatic islet beta cell and / or enhancing glucose stimulated insulin secretion of a pancreatic islet beta cell, comprising delivering to the cell an exogenous nucleotide sequence encoding Nkx6.1 transcription factor.

Disclosed herein are methods for generating SC-β cells using chemically defined, completely serum free media, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

The invention relates to a probiotic composition, and discloses a probiotic composition beneficial for a glycolipid metabolic function and a preparation and application of the composition. The probiotic composition comprises some of the following nine probiotics: bifidobacterium longum, bifidobacterium breve, lactobacillus gasseri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus salivarius, lactobacillus crispatus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus fermentum and lactobacillus casei. Different strains in the probiotic composition cooperate with each other, so that the probiotic composition has thefunction of adjusting glycolipid metabolism, and has certain effect on serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin beta-cell functions and diabetes mellitus improvement.

The methods include selectively reducing or expanding T cells according to the antigenic specificity of the T cells using biocompatible bioabsorbable nanospheres. Therefore, the present invention can be used to reduce or eliminate pathogenic T cells that recognize autoantigens, such as beta cell specific T cells. As such, the present invention can be used to prevent, treat or ameliorate autoimmune diseases such as IDDM. Furthermore, the present invention can be used to expand desirable T cells, such as anti-pathogenic T cells to prevent, treat and / or ameliorate autoimmune diseases.

Disclosed herein are methods for generating SC-β cells, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

Disclosed herein are methods for generating SC-β cells, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

A feungreek extract containing the common saponin of feungreek for preventing and treating diabetes and its chronic complications is prepared through extracting with alcohol, macroreticular adsorption, washing for removing impurities, eluting, concentrating the eluting liquid, and drying.

Methods and compositions are described for the treatment of type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and other conditions using newly identified stem cells that are capable of differentiation into a variety of pancreatic islet cells, including insulin-producing beta cells, as well as hepatocytes. Nestin has been identified as a molecular marker for pancreatic stem cells, while cytokeratin-19 serves as a marker for a distinct class of islet ductal cells. Methods are described whereby nestin-positive stem cells can be isolated from pancreatic islets and cultured to obtain further stem cells or pseudo-islet like structures. Methods for ex vivo differentiation of the pancreatic stem cells are disclosed. Methods are described whereby pancreatic stem cells can be isolated, expanded, and transplanted into a patient in need thereof, either allogeneically, isogeneically or xenogenically, to provide replacement for lost or damaged insulin-secreting cells or other cells.

The invention relates to a composition for immunologically diagnosing type I diabetes, which contains specific IGRP antigen and ZnT8 antigen of an islet beta cell or is selected from one of common antigens GAD65 and IA-2 or the combination of the antigens GAD65 and IA-2.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells, resulting in insulin deficiency. The usual cause of this beta cell loss is autoimmune destruction. Coxsackie virus has been detected in human pancreatic beta cells and causes insulitis. This non-destructive islet inflammation does not itself cause diabetes, but this disease will occur if viral infection is followed by a separate autoimmune response. The insulitis is mediated mainly by natural killer cells. Islets from coxsackie virus positive samples displayed reduced insulin secretion in response to glucose and other secretagogues. Virus extracted from positive islets was able to infect beta cells from human islets of non-diabetic donors, causing viral inclusions and signs of pyknosis.