1282 results about "Insulin resistance" patented technology

The present disclosure describes methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation via stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic disorder or other ailments. Renal neuromodulation may be achieved by locating renal nerves and then utilizing stereotactic radiotherapy to expose the renal nerves to a radiation dose sufficient to reduce neural activity. A neural location element may be provided for locating target renal nerves, and a stereotactic radiotherapy system may be provided for exposing the located renal nerves to a radiation dose sufficient to reduce the neural activity, with reduced or minimized radiation exposure in adjacent tissue. Renal nerves may be located and targeted at the level of the ganglion and / or at postganglionic positions, as well as at pre-ganglionic positions.

Methods for treating conditions or disorders which can be alleviated by reducing food intake are disclosed which comprise administration of an effective amount of an exendin or an exendin agonist, alone or in conjunction with other compounds or compositions that affect satiety. The methods are useful for treating conditions or disorders, including obesity, Type II diabetes, eating disorders, and insulin-resistance syndrome. The methods are also useful for lowering the plasma glucose level, lowering the plasma lipid level, reducing the cardiac risk, reducing the appetite, and reducing the weight of subjects. Pharmaceutical compositions for use in the methods of the invention are also disclosed.

Devices and methods for ablating tissue in the wall of various organs of the gastrointestinal tract of a patient in order to cure or ameliorate metabolic pathophysiological conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, or type 2 diabetes mellitus are provided. Ablational treatment of target areas may be fractional or partial, rendering a post-treatment portion of target tissue ablated and another portion that is substantially intact. Fractional ablation is achieved by controlling the delivery of ablational energy across the surface area being treated, and controlling the depth of energy penetration into tissue. Surface area control of energy delivery may controlled by the spatial pattern of distributed ablation elements or by the selective activation of a subset of a dense pattern of ablation elements. Embodiments of the device include an ablational electrode array that spans 360 degrees and an array that spans an arc of less than 360 degrees.

A combination is described comprising at least one omega-3 fatty acid, optionally esterified or salified, at least one statin, Coenzyme Q10, resveratrol, at least one policosanol, pantethine, selenium, and zinc. This combination is endowed with a synergistic effect and is useful in the treatment of disease forms due to insulin resistance and in cardiovascular diseases.

The present invention provides C-glycoside derivatives and salts thereof, wherein B ring is bonded to A ring via —X— and A ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and / or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes related diseases such as an insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.

The present invention provides C-glycoside derivatives and salts thereof, wherein B ring is bonded to A ring via —X— and A ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and / or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes related diseases such as an insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.

The present invention concerns methods for treating and preventing renal / kidney disease, insulin resistance / diabetes, fatty liver disease, and / or endothelial dysfunction / cardiovascular disease using synthetic triterpenoids, optionally in combination with a second treatment or prophylaxis.

Novel methods for the medical treatment and / or prevention of obesity, abdominal fat, and insulin resistance in susceptible warm-blooded animals including humans involves the administration of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). A combination of a SERM with an amount of estrogen or a sex steroid precursor selected from the group consisting of dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androst-5-ene-3b,17b-diol and compounds converted in vivo to one of the foregoing precursors or estrogen is also disclosed.

This invention discloses new krill oil compositions characterized by having high amounts of phospholipids, astaxanthin esters and / or omega-3 contents. The krill oils are obtained from krill meal using supercritical fluid extraction in a two stage process. Stage 1 removes the neutral lipid by extracting with neat supercritical CO2 or CO2 plus approximately 5% of a co-solvent. Stage 2 extracts the actual krill oils by using supercritical CO2 in combination with approximately 20% ethanol. The krill oil materials obtained are compared with commercially available krill oil and found to be more bioeffective in a number of areas such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant effects, improving insulin resistances and improving blood lipid profile.

The present invention relates generally to novel, selectable hybrid polypeptides useful as agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases and disorders which can be alleviated by control plasma glucose levels, insulin levels, and / or insulin secretion, such as diabetes and diabetes-related conditions. Such conditions and disorders include, but are not limited to, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, eating disorders, insulin-resistance, obesity, and diabetes mellitus of any kind, including type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.

The present invention relates to compounds which are inhibitors of the 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme. The present invention further relates to the use of inhibitors of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme for the treatment of non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, lipid disorders, metabolic syndrome, and other diseases and conditions that are mediated by excessive glucocorticoid action.

The present invention is directed to a method of simultaneously treating hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, a pro-inflammatory state, a pro-coagulative state, and insulin resistance (with or without treating obesity or endothelial dysfunction), associated with or independent from Metabolic Syndrome, as well as vascular disease such as cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular disease comprising the step of administering to a patient suffering from such disorders a therapeutically effective amount of a central acting dopamine agonist. In one embodiment, the central acting dopamine agonist is bromocriptine, optionally combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In one aspect, the invention provides a method of screening and, optionally, treatment of an individual suffering from an insulin resistance disorder by screening an individual in need of treatment for an insulin resistance disorder for one or more genetic variations indicating a predisposition to a response to an insulin sensitizer; and, optionally, administering or not administering an insulin sensitizer to the individual based on the results of the screening. The insulin sensitizer for which the individual is screened and the insulin sensitizer that is administered or not administered may be the same or different. In another aspect, the invention provides methods comprising identifying one or more genetic variations, e.g., one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms, that at least partly differentiate between a subset of a plurality of individuals who experience a response when administered an insulin sensitizer, and a subset of said plurality of individuals who do not experience a response when administered the insulin sensitizer. The invention also provides nucleic acids, polypeptides, antibodies, kits, and business methods associated with these screening and association methods.

The invention describes formulations that include either metformin, sulfonylurea or a biguanide-sulfonylurea combination as one active ingredient in addition to specific, other active ingredients. The compositions and dosage forms of the invention are clinically useful as methods for increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and safety of the included biguanide (metformin) and / or sulfonylurea in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The carefully chosen additional active ingredients of the invention are designed in a modular fashion to prevent and rectify adverse events associated with insulin resistance syndrome and diabetes mellitus, and those adverse incidences associated with the concurrent use of metformin and / or the sulfonylureas. When clinically administered, the invention will provide therapeutic levels of metformin and of a sulfonylurea, alone or in combination, and broaden their usefulness. The invention will retard the progression of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes, and reduce the serious microvascular and macrovascular complications commonly associated with insulin resistance syndrome and diabetes mellitus.

The present invention relates to the use of inhibitors of the 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme. The present invention further relates to the use of inhibitors of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme for the treatment or prophylactically treatment of non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, lipid disorders, metabolic syndrome, and other diseases and conditions mediated by excessive glucocorticoid action.

The present invention provides an azulene derivative and a salt thereof, wherein an azulene ring is bonded to a benzene ring directly or via a lower alkylene which may be substituted with a halogen atom and the benzene ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and / or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes-related diseases such as insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.

The invention provides a method of treating obesity, diabetes, and / or cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemias, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance) in a mammal by administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of an irreversible MAO-B inhibitor.

The invention relates to the use of angiotensin II receptor antagonists for treating people in whom type 2 diabetes mellitus has been diagnosed or who are suspected of prediabetes, for preventing diabetes or for treating metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in patients with normal blood pressure.

Disclosed are novel compounds of Formula Iuseful for treating various disease states, in particular, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, and inflammation. The compounds of the present invention elevate cellular expression of the ABCA-1 gene as well as increasing the level of ABCA-1 protein, which may result in an increase in HDL levels in the plasma of a mammal, in particular humans.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that have been implicated in the pathological destruction of connective tissue and basement membranes. These zinc containing endopeptidases consist of several subsets of enzymes including collagenases, stromelysins and gelatinases. TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, catalyzes the formation of TNF-alpha from membrane bound TNF-alpha precursor protein. It is expected that small molecule inhibitors of MMPs and TACE therefore have the potential for treating a variety of disease states. The present invention provides low molecular weight, non-peptide inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) for the treatment of arthritis, tumor metastasis, tissue ulceration, abnormal wound healing, periodontal disease, bone disease, diabetes (insulin resistance) and HIV infection having the formulawherein R2 and R3 form a heterocyclic ring and A is S, S(O), or S(O)2, and R1 and R4 are defined herein.

Devices and methods for ablating tissue in the wall of various organs of the gastrointestinal tract of a patient in order to cure or ameliorate metabolic pathophysiological conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, or type 2 diabetes mellitus are provided. Ablational treatment of target areas may be fractional or partial, rendering a post-treatment portion of target tissue ablated and another portion that is substantially intact. Fractional ablation is achieved by controlling the delivery of ablational energy across the surface area being treated, and controlling the depth of energy penetration into tissue. Surface area control of energy delivery may controlled by the spatial pattern of distributed ablation elements or by the selective activation of a subset of a dense pattern of ablation elements. Embodiments of the device include an ablational electrode array that spans 360 degrees and an array that spans an arc of less than 360 degrees.

The present invention relates to compounds which are inhibitors of the 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme. The present invention further relates to the use of inhibitors of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 enzyme for the treatment of non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, lipid disorders, metabolic syndrome, and other diseases and conditions that are mediated by excessive glucocorticoid action.

The invention provides compositions comprising an effective amount of an agent that inhibits a BET protein (e.g., Brd2, Brd3, Brd4), and methods of using such compositions for treating or preventing metabolic syndrome, obesity, type II diabetes, insulin resistance, and related disorders characterized by undesirable alterations in metabolism or fat accumulation.

This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure wherein:A is O, S, or N;B is —(CH2)m—, —CH(OH)—, or carbonyl;R1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms, or trifluoromethyl;R2 is alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-10 carbon atoms, arylalkyl of 7-15 carbon atoms, Het-alkyl wherein the alkyl moiety is 1-6 carbon atoms;Het is R2a is alkylene of 1-3 carbon atoms;G is oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen;R3, R4 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic ring of 5 to 7 ring atom containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur;R5 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, —CH(R7)R8, —C(CH2)nCO2R9, —C(CH3)2CO2R9, —CH(R7)(CH2)nCO2R9, or CH(R7)C6H4CO2R9;R6 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, or —OR5;m=1-6;n=1-6;R7 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-10 carbon atoms, or arylalkyl of 7-15 carbon atoms;R8 is —CO2R10, —CONHR10, tetrazole, or —PO3;R9 and R10 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-10 carbon atoms, or arylalkyl of 7-15 carbon atoms;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia.

PCT No. PCT / JP96 / 01459 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 2, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 2, 1997 PCT Filed May 30, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96 / 38428 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 5, 1996The present invention provides novel N-benzyldioxothiazolidylbenzamide derivatives that improve the insulin resistance and have potent hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects and processes for preparing the same, and relates to N-benzyldioxothiazolidylbenzamide derivatives characterized by being represented by a general formula (1) wherein R1 and R2 denote identically or differently hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups with carbon atoms of 1 to 4, lower alkoxy groups with carbon atoms of 1 to 3, lower haloalkyl groups with carbon atoms of 1 to 3, lower haloalkoxy groups with carbon atoms of 1 to 3, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, nitro groups, amino groups which may be substituted with lower alkyl group(s) with carbon atoms of 1 to 3 or hetero rings, or R1 and R2 link to form a methylenedioxy group, R3 denotes a lower alkoxy group with carbon atoms of 1 to 3, hydroxyl group or halogen atom, and dotted line indicates double bond or single bond in combination with solid line, and processes for preparing the same.

A method for inhibiting drug-induced insulin resistance is provided which includes administering a dietary chromium complex to an individual receiving a contemporaneous dose of a drug that induces insulin resistance, wherein the amount of chromium complex administered is an amount effective to inhibit the development of insulin resistance. Advantageously, the amount of chromium complex administered per day is between about 300 and 1,000 micrograms per day. Compositions including a drug which induces insulin resistance in combination with a chromium complex are similarly described.

Embodiments of the present invention include the in vivo use of a family of heterocyclic compounds containing a quaternary ammonium group as exemplified by the thioxanthone and thioxanthene compounds [3-(3,4-dimethyl-9-oxo-9H-thioxanthen-2-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]trimethylammonium chloride, or CCcompound1, N,N,-diethyl-N-methyl-2-[9-oxo-9H-thioxanthen-2-yl)methoxy]ethanaminium iodide, or CCcompound3, and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-propane-1-aminium iodide, or CCcompound19 to reduce higher than normal blood glucose level within or close to the normal range in subjects with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and diabetes thereby also reducing or preventing associated diseases, complications, and pathological states.

The object of the present invention is to provide PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) activity regulators, which can be widely used for improving insulin resistance and preventing / treating various diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndromes, hyperlipemia, high-blood pressure, vascular disorders, inflammation, hepatitis, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) and obesity.The present invention provides PPAR activity regulators which comprise an acylamide compound having the specific structure, prodrugs thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Biomarkers relating to insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy are provided, as well as methods for using such biomarkers as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. In addition, methods for modulating the respective disorders or conditions of a subject are also provided. Also provided are suites of small molecule entities as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.