32 results about "Oudemansiella" patented technology

The invention relates to a soilless culture method of Oudemansiella. The method includes the steps that firstly, sporocarps of wild Oudemansiella submucida are subjected to tissue separation and are then inoculated into a sterilized PDA test tube culture medium to obtain an Oudemansiella pure strain; secondly, the Oudemansiella pure strain obtained in the first step is inoculated into a mother strain culture material to be cultured to obtain mother strain hyphae; thirdly, the mother strain hyphae are inoculated into a strain bag of a primary strain culture material to obtain a primary strain; fourthly, the primary strain is inoculated into a strain bag of a secondary strain culture material to be cultured to obtain a secondary strain; fifthly, the secondary strain is inoculated into a strain bag of a cultivar culture material, and strain culture is carried out in a shading mode in a culture house at the temperature of 23 DEG C till hyphae grow on the whole strain bag; sixthly, fruiting and management are carried out. Compared with a conventional Oudemansiella earthing culture method, the soilless culture method of the Oudemansiella has the advantages that earthing is not needed in the fruiting process, the fruiting process is free of pollution, factory production and mass production can be achieved, and the method has uniqueness in Oudemansiella culture in China.

The invention relates to a culture method of oudemansiella raphanipes. The method comprises the following steps of preparation of a mother strain, preparation of an original strain, preparation of a cultivation strain and artificial cultivation. The mother strain is prepared in a mother strain culture medium and inoculated into an original strain culture medium to prepare the original strain, theripe original strain is inoculated into a cultivation strain culture medium to obtain the cultivation strain, and finally oudemansiella raphanipes is prepared through artificial cultivation. Large-scale artificial cultivation of oudemansiella raphanipes is achieved, the large market requirement of people for oudemansiella raphanipes can be met, the production process is simple and easy to implement, and the production cost is low.

A preparation method of an oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain comprises the steps that firstly, a culture medium is prepared, wherein 1 kg of the culture medium serves as a benchmark, the culturemedium contains 300-400g of potato juice, 100-200 g of grape juice, 30-50 g of agar, 0.5-1 g of magnesium sulfate, 3-6 g of paper mulberry fermented powder and balance water; secondly, the culture medium is sterilized, wherein after being filtered, the culture medium obtained in the first step is placed in a sterilization device to be sterilized, and then is cooled after sterilization; thirdly, astrain is inoculated, wherein oudemansiella raphanipes mycelia are inoculated in the culture medium obtained in the second step, and then the culture medium is placed on a shaking bed for oscillationculture; fourthly, fermentation culture is conducted, wherein the liquid strain obtained after oscillation culture in the third step is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation culture. According to the method, the liquid culture medium prepared from the potato juice, the grape juice, the agar, the magnesium sulfate and the paper mulberry fermented powder is used, the components work together to provide various nutrients for growth of the mycelia, the growth speed of the mycelia can be high, the biomass of the mycelia is 2.3 g / ml or above, and the mycelia are thick and a little amber.

The invention relates to a stock seed culture material of oudemansiella raphanipes. The material is prepared from, by mass, 50-80 parts of saw dust, 30-40 parts of cotton seed hulls, 50-100 parts of edible fungus residues, 50-100 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 5-10 parts of wheat bran, 15-20 parts of gypsum powder and 18-25 parts of quicklime. A preparation method of the stock seed culture material of oudemansiella raphanipes comprises the following steps of material preparation, mixing, fermentation and bagging. According to the stock seed culture material of oudemansiella raphanipes, the edible fungus residues and the straw are added to the components, the material is extremely beneficial to growth of stock seeds of oudemansiella raphanipes, the material and other kinds of agricultural and sideline products cooperate with one another and mutually complement nutrient values, the cost can be saved, and the nutrient components of oudemansiella raphanipes can also be increased.

An identification method for wild oudemansiella species comprises: (1) field acquisition; (2) external form identification; (3) microstructure identification; (4) molecular sequence identification; and (5) comprehensive identification by integrating the external form characteristics and the species for comparing the microstructure and the molecular sequences and accurately determining the species of wild oudemansiella. Compared with routine morphological identification, the identification method provided by the invention has the advantages of high identification accuracy and accurate positioning and is representative among identification methods for our country oudemansiella species.

The invention provides a special culture medium for oudemansiella canarri (jungh.) hohnel. The special culture medium for oudemansiella canarri (jungh.) hohnel comprises a cultivation material culture medium, wherein the cultivation material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45-50% of cotton seed hull, 30-35% of saw dust, 18-20% of bran, 1-2% of calcium carbonate and 1-2% of calcium sulphate. In addition, the special culture medium also comprises a mother strain separation culture medium, a mother strain production culture medium and a primary strain culture medium. The invention also provides an artificial cultivation method of oudemansiella canarri (jungh.) hohnel by using the culture medium. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out aseptic inoculation of primary strain of oudemansiella canarri (jungh.) hohnel to a cultivation material culture medium, culturing and producing mushrooms. The invention firstly provides the special culture medium for oudemansiella canarri (jungh.) hohnel with wide raw material sources and remarkable effect and provides an artificial domestication cultivation method using the special culture medium; the biotransformation rate reaches 110-130%. According to the cultivation method, the production period of mushrooms is short, large-scale application and popularization are convenient, and the economic values are high.

The invention discloses a white variant of oudemansiella raphanipes, and an artificial cultivation method thereof. The white variant of the oudemansiella raphanipes is oudemansiella raphanipes HMGIM-W150719 with the collection number of CCTCC NO: M2019557. The artificial cultivation method includes mycelium cultivation, fruiting management and harvesting. The white variant of the oudemansiella raphanipes is screened and obtained through experiments such as field acquisition, molecular identification, and domestication and cultivation, the appearance color is significantly different from that of oudemansiella raphanipes commodities on the market, and the white variant has higher vitality, is rich in protein and dietary fibers and has better scientific research and commercial value.

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungi cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of oudemansiella raphanipes. The method comprises the following steps of S1,mother strain breeding, S2, stock strain culture and S3, cultivation strain culture. The method is scientific and reasonable, when a mother strain is made, aloe is added in a culture medium for conducting resistance breeding on the mother strain, strongly-white thick mycelia with good growth vigor are screened out certainly as the excellent mother strain, and then subsequent screening is carried out; meanwhile, with the assistance of the special culture medium, the fruiting rate and the yield are increased.

The invention provides a method for carrying out mixed planting on oudemansiella raphanipes under a litchi forest. According to the method provided by the invention, the construction cost and the management cost of a fungus planting greenhouse are reduced, a synergetic planting mode of forestry industry and the oudemansiella raphanipes is constructed, green and natural properties of the oudemansiella raphanipes are ensured, the selling difficulty of the oudemansiella raphanipes is also greatly reduced, the forestry industry as long-acting economy is organically combined with the oudemansiellaraphanipes which can be harvested in a short period, an ecological and reciprocal sustainable development forestry region economic system is formed, and great significances in improving ecology, promoting agricultural efficiency growth in a forestry zone, promoting farmers' income and thriving villages are obtained.

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, and particularly discloses a wild-imitating planting method of oudemansiella raphanipes and application thereof. According to the wild-imitating planting method of the oudemansiella raphanipes, high yield and income increase of the oudemansiella raphanipes can be achieved by discharging fungus bags containing oudemansiella raphanipes strains for planting in a forest land with a certain shading degree; meanwhile, the planting cost is reduced, the method is suitable for large-area popularization and planting of the oudemansiella raphanipes, and the problem that most existing oudemansiella raphanipes planting modes are greenhouse and factory-like cultivation modes and are not suitable for large-area popularization and planting is solved; and moreover, a large amount of organic fertilizer and nutritional ingredients of trees can be provided under the forest, and two kinds of organisms complement each other, so that the trees grow luxuriantly in the fruit forest, high yield and income increase of the oudemansiella raphanipes can be achieved, and the planting cost is reduced.

The invention relates to a culture method of oudemansiella raphanipes by using a three-dimensional layer frame. The culture method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a fungus bag, determininga culture medium raw material component and a mass fraction proportion, weighting the following raw materials: 40-50 parts of wood chips, 30-40 parts of DDS, 30-40 parts of cotton seed hull, 2-4 parts of soybean meal, 5-6 parts of corn flour, 2-3 parts of wheat bran, 3-4 parts of lime, and 5-10 parts of termitarium soil, adding water, and carrying out uniform mixing to prepare the fungus bags, wherein the water content is 40-60%; 2) culturing hyphae, after sterilization, cutting a hypha mother strain block containing termite secretion into the size of 1.5-2 cm<3>, putting the cut hypha motherstrain block into a culture medium, carrying out constant-temperature cultivation under a condition of 21+ / -1 DEG C and a light shielding condition, carrying out the cultivation for 15-20 days untilthe hypha color is changed, namely the physiological maturity is reached, and entering the a cultivation stage; 3) carrying out cultivation; and 4) carrying out harvesting, when the fungi grow to 5-8cm, harvesting the fungi. The culture method provided by the invention has the simple culture process, high success rate and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale culture.

The invention discloses a fluid medium of an oudemansiella raphanipes strain. The medium is combination of 50% improved PDA and 50% DDS, wherein the improved PDA consists of 150-200g of tomato juice,25-30g of grape juice, 80-100g of soybean sprouts, 30-50g of wheat bran, 20-25g of agar, 0.5-1g of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5-0.8g of magnesium sulfate, 1.5-2.5g of a yeast extract and 800-1000ml of water. The preparation method of the fluid medium of the oudemansiella raphanipes strain comprises the following steps: 1) preparing the tomato juice; 2) preparing the grape juice; 3) preparinga mixed solution of soybean sprouts and wheat bran; and 4) in accordance with component proportions, uniformly mixing the various components, so that the fluid medium is obtained. The fluid medium provided by the invention, which adopts the improved PDA and the DDS, can offer various nutritional substances required by growth of oudemansiella raphanipes myceliae, so that the growth speed of the oudemansiella raphanipes myceliae can be effectively accelerated.

The invention discloses a culture medium for Oudemansiella raphanipes and a preparation method and application thereof. The culture medium for Oudemansiella raphanipes is prepared from, by weight, 12-18 parts of sugar, 7-11 parts of cottonseed hull, 7-9 parts of corncob, 5-7 parts of yeast powder, 4-6 parts of protein powder, 4-6 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of glutinous rice flour, 2.6-3.0 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.8-1.2 parts of Chinese date powder, and 900-950 parts of water. The culture medium for Oudemansiella raphanipes and the preparationmethod and application thereof have the advantages that sufficient suitable nutrients can be provided for the growth of Oudemansiella raphanipes, using sawdust as an ingredient to the culture medium is totally not required, the culture medium is environmentally friendly, and the preparation method is simple.

The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus production, and particularly discloses an oudemansiella raphanipes culture method and application thereof. The oudemansiella raphanipes culture method includes the steps that a to-be-cultured fungus bag containing oudemansiella raphanipes strains is opened, one end of the fungus bag is punctured to form air holes, then soil is put intothe fungus bag, soil covering cultivation is carried out, and sanitation and cleanness are achieved; and bag removal is not needed, the bag removal cost can be saved, meanwhile, air permeability can be improved through the air holes, accumulated water is prevented, the problem of large-area infection is effectively prevented, the problem that an existing oudemansiella raphanipes cultivation methodis mainly a field cultivation mode or a layer cultivation mode, and consequently large-area infection is prone to occurring is solved, and the cultivation method has wide market prospects.

The invention relates to an Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The liquid strain culture medium is prepared by using corn distiller's grain liquor as a major component and adding a small volume of red soil extract to the corn distiller's grain liquor. The corn distiller's grain liquor contains 90% to 96% of water, the rest 4% to 10% of dry matters are rich in carbon source, nitrogen source, vitamins and the like which are essential to the growth and development of edible fungi, and the red soil extract is rich in mineral substances and micro-elements, so that nutrients which are essential to the growth of Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strains can be provided. According to the Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain culture medium, the amount of components of the formula is small, the raw materials are common and are readily available, and the cost is low. The preparation method of the culture medium is simple in operation, so that popularization and application are easy. Through culturing the Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strains by using the culture medium, the pollution caused by the corn distiller's grain liquor is avoided, the cost is greatly reduced, meanwhile, Oudemansiella raphanipes mycelia are robust in growth, high in kink force, pure white in color and high in growth speed, the mushroom emergence is easy, the quality is good, and the efficiency is high, so that problems in strain supply during the large-scale cultivation and industrialized development of Oudemansiella raphanipes are solved, a scientific and technological basis is laid for the sustainable utilization of precious wild mushroom resources, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable.

The invention discloses a culture medium for Oudemansiella raphanipes and a preparation method thereof, and a culture method for the Oudemansiella raphanipes. The culture medium comprises the following components by mass: 30 to 35 parts of corncob, 15 to 20 parts of wheat bran, 15 to 20 parts of wood chips, 10 to 15 parts of bagasse and 5 to 10 parts of brown sugar. The Oudemansiella raphanipes iscultured by the culture method comprising the following steps: inoculating a mother Oudemansiella raphanipes strain into the culture medium, and controlling an inoculating temperature in a range of 15 to 18 DEG C; placing an inoculated culture medium into a culture room, and controlling a temperature in the culture room in a range of 20 to 22 DEG C in the previous month and 25 to 28 DEG C in thesubsequent month; and carrying out compartmenting and ridging, refining soil on ridge bodies to 40 to 80 meshes, adjusting a pH value of the soil to be 7 to 9, and spreading the culture medium onto the ridge bodies. According to the invention, the culture medium obtained by stewing can provide sufficient nutrients for growth of the Oudemansiella raphanipes; in addition, the culture room can realize staged temperature regulation and control according to the growth characteristics of the Oudemansiella raphanipes; the soil on the ground surface can be refined and adjusted to high alkalinity; theconversion rate of mycelia can be improved; and the fruiting quality of the Oudemansiella raphanipes can be increased.

The invention relates to an Oudemansiella raphanipes culture method. By researching the dependence of Oudemansiella raphanipes on termites in the growth process, the termites, which are mutualistic with the Oudemansiella raphanipes, are utilized to prepare a porous culture medium mushroom bed in the Oudemansiella raphanipes culture process according to the growth environment of wild Oudemansiellaraphanipes; and by using the scientific and reasonable culture medium, artificial culture of Oudemansiella raphanipes is implemented. The culture medium has reasonable component matching, contains abundant types of bioactive substances, has an promotion action on growth of Oudemansiella raphanipes sporophores; and the Oudemansiella raphanipes has high infectious microbe resistance, lower dependence on termites in the culture process, high environmental adaptability, high mushroom growth speed, short production cycle and stable yield, and can implement large-scale production. The cultured Oudemansiella raphanipes has the advantages of thick and large base stipes, bright color, thick texture, high product quality and good taste.

The invention discloses Oudemansiella raphanipes edible paper as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The edible paper takes Oudemansiella raphanipes mycorrhiza powder as a main raw material, the Oudemansiella raphanipes mycorrhiza powder is compounded with glutinous rice flour and radix puerariae powder, and then calcium salt, sodium alginate, chitosan and other components are combined, so that the edible paper in the scheme has good mechanical strength (such as toughness, ductility and the like); the Oudemansiella raphanipes mycorrhiza powder, inulin, the chitosan, edible plant essential oil and the like all have a certain antibacterial property and can effectively inhibit invasion of microorganisms, so that the edible paper in the scheme has good stability; meanwhile, the Oudemansiella raphanipes mycorrhiza powder, the radix puerariae powder and the chitosan also have a good health-care effect; in addition, the inulin also has the effects of maintaining intestinal health, improving intestinal digestion function and the like, and the digestion and absorption effects of the human body on the edible paper and the like are improved; and the edible plant essential oil is added, and the plant essential oil not only has the effects of sterilization, desinsectization and the like, but also has the effect of improving the fragrance of the edible paper, so that the addition of essence is avoided.

The invention provides a production method for cultivating oudemansiella raphanipes by using black fungus residues. The production method is characterized in that black fungi are prepared from, by weight, 45.2-68.8% of the black fungus residues, 19.5-39.5% of sawdust, 9-11% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of soybean cake powder, 0.8-1.2% of gypsum and 0.4-0.6% of lime, the raw materials are mixed uniformly, an appropriate amount of water is added, and the water content of the mixture reaches 60%. The production method for cultivating the oudemansiella raphanipes by using the black fungus residues hasthe advantages that while the resource of the black fungus residues is fully utilized, the problem of the shortage of a part of the sawdust raw material is solved, the production method is simple, anda series of pollution problems caused by the black fungus residues are reduced; the yield of the formula is high, the market price of the oudemansiella raphanipes is higher, the economic benefit is considerable, and the oudemansiella raphanipes has a wide development prospect and market value.

The invention discloses a novel soil covering substrate suitable for Oudemansiella raphanipes. The novel soil covering substrate suitable for the Oudemansiella raphanipes comprises 50%-60% of red soil, 36%-40% of coal cinder, 2%-4.27% of sawdust, 1%-2.83% of coco coir and 1%-2.9% of perlite, and preferably, the novel soil covering substrate suitable for the Oudemansiella raphanipes comprises 50% of the red soil, 40% of the coal cinder, 4.27% of the sawdust, 2.83% of coco coir and 2.9% of the perlite. The novel soil covering substrate suitable for the Oudemansiella raphanipes has a series of advantages of being low in material and preparation cost, easy to obtain and treat, simple to operate and the like, and in the actual use process of the soil covering substrate, due to the fact that the number of infectious microbes in the soil covering substrate is small, the porosity is reasonable, and the air permeability and the water-retaining property are both in the excellent state, after Oudemansiella raphanipes strains are covered with soil, the fruiting rate is high, and meanwhile, the yield of Oudemansiella raphanipes is increased, and the quality of Oudemansiella raphanipes is improved.

The invention discloses a white variant of Oudemansiella raphanipes and an artificial cultivation method thereof. The white variant of Oudemansiella raphanipes is Oudemansiella raphanipes (Oudemansiella raphanipes) HMGIM‑W150719, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO : M2019557; artificial cultivation methods include mycelia cultivation, fruiting management and harvesting. The present invention screens and obtains a white varietal of Ouderia oospores through experiments such as field collection, molecular identification and domestication cultivation. The appearance color is quite different from that of commercial products in the market, and the white varietal is more vigorous. , rich in protein and dietary fiber, has better scientific research and commercial value.

The invention relates to the technical field of oudemansiella raphanipies, and discloses an intelligent oudemansiella raphanipies cultivation integrated device based on a reciprocating motion principle, the intelligent oudemansiella raphanipies cultivation integrated device comprises an operation table, the upper part of the operation table is fixedly connected with two supporting rods, the two supporting rods are consistent in specification, throughthe cooperation of a piston, a material storage chamber, a fungus storage chamber and a baffle plate, the piston reciprocates up and down to drive a baffle plate to reciprocate back and forth, so that a culture bottle can be synchronously filled with a culture medium, and then the protospecies inoculation process can be directly carried; the whole device is better in continuity, the working efficiency in the fungus culture process is improved, and the workload of workers is reduced; the inoculation process and the culture medium bottling process are directly operated by a machine in a sterile room, so that bacterial contamination during manual operation is avoided; and the yield of strains is further increased by increasing sterility in the culture process to increase the success rate of inoculation.

The invention discloses an application of a culture medium in oudemansiella raphanipies. The culture medium comprises the following components of, in percentage by mass, 35%-55% of vinasse, 10%-30% of cottonseed hull, 10%-20% of wheat bran, 1%-2% of lime, 1% of gypsum and the balance corncob. According to the culture medium, through the synergistic effect of the components, not only can the nutritional and physiological requirements of the growth of the mycelia of the oudemansiella raphanipies be met, but also the accumulation of the nutritional ingredients and effective antioxidant active substances of the oudemansiella raphanipies is promoted to different degrees, the highest contents of protein, total sugar and polyphenol can reach 42.78%, 23.54% and 4.19 mg / g respectively, the scavenging rates of the polyphenol extract on DPPH free radicals, ABTS free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals are 88.64%, 99.81% and 93.48% respectively, the scavenging rates are obviously higher than those of previous research results, therefore, corresponding culture medium formulas are selected according to different use purposes in production, and a theoretical basis is provided for large-scale production of the high-quality oudemansiella raphanipies and development and utilization of functional products of the high-quality oudemansiella raphanipies.

An identification method for wild oudemansiella species comprises: (1) field acquisition; (2) external form identification; (3) microstructure identification; (4) molecular sequence identification; and (5) comprehensive identification by integrating the external form characteristics and the species for comparing the microstructure and the molecular sequences and accurately determining the species of wild oudemansiella. Compared with routine morphological identification, the identification method provided by the invention has the advantages of high identification accuracy and accurate positioning and is representative among identification methods for our country oudemansiella species.

The invention relates to the technical field of fungus drying, and discloses an oudemansiella raphanipies slicing and drying device. A ventilation pipe is fixedly mounted on the left side of a drying box, a fixing barrel is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the ventilation pipe, a tension spring is elastically mounted in the fixing barrel, and a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tension spring; and an electromagnet is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the limiting plate, a rear temperature controller is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the electromagnet, a sealing shell is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the ventilation pipe, a sliding piece is slidably mounted in the sealing shell, and a fixing rod is fixedly mounted in the sliding piece. Through cooperative use of the sliding piece, the fixing rod, a pressing block, a sealing block and a movable rod, when the temperature of airflow is too high, a principle that water evaporates to absorb heat is effectively utilized, cooling of the airflow is helped, the situation that when the oudemansiella raphanipies is dried, the oudemansiella raphanipies is burnt and yellowed by high-temperature airflow is avoided, and the quality of the oudemansiella raphanipies is guaranteed.

The invention relates to the use of oudemansiella spore dietary fiber extracts in the pharmaceutical field, in particular to the use of the oudemansiella spore powder dietary fiber extracts for preparing a preparation for treating and / or preventing diseases associated with intestinal flora disorders. The oudemansiella spore powder dietary fiber extracts not only can obviously contribute to the structure recovery of dominant flora in intestinal tracts, contribute to the diversification of the flora, but also show obvious treatment and / or preventive effects on the diseases related to the structure of the intestinal flora; for example, the extracts can effectively inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors, effectively alleviate the deterioration of inflammation, improve various physiological and pathological indicators related to immunity, can be used in various fields such as medicines, health care products and the like, and have great economic and social value.

The invention discloses ganoderma lucidum powder for growth of oudemansiella raphanipes, a cultivation medium and application of the ganoderma lucidum powder and the cultivation medium. The ganoderma lucidum powder is prepared by mixed fermentation of hazelnut involucres, hazelnut shells and strains; the cultivation medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 128-148 parts of a ganoderma lucidum material, 20-25 parts of cottonseed hull, 15-25 parts of bran, 1-5 parts of corn flour, 0.5-1.5 parts of cane sugar, 0.5-1.5 parts of gypsum and 0.5-1.5 parts of quick lime. According to the ganoderma lucidum powder disclosed by the invention, hazelnut involucres and hazelnut shells are used as raw materials, so that the requirements of the oudemansiella raphanipes on polyphenol source substances are met, and the ganoderma lucidum powder is easier to absorb and utilize; and the cultivation medium prepared from the ganoderma lucidum powder can improve the content of polyphenols in fruiting bodies of oudemansiella raphanipes, enhance the oxidation resistance of fruiting bodies and improve the product quality, meanwhile, resource utilization of wastes of hazelnut involucres and hazelnut shells is achieved, and environmental protection is facilitated.

The invention relates to a process for preparing Oudemansiella radiata Collybia radicata bag tea, which consists of comminuting Oudemansiella radiata Collybia radicata with crushing machine of 60-200 mesh sieve meshes, packaging with cloth bags, steam sterilizing under high pressure of 1.000-2.110X10<5>Pa, temperature: 120-135 deg. C, time 20-160 minutes, cooling down, split charging into paper bags of the bag tea, sealing, loading into aluminium film bag, sealing, collecting with cloth bags, and carrying out steam sterilizing under high pressure again.