94 results about "Fuel cycle" patented technology

A process to safely convert about 95% of the nuclear waste into a usable fuel source is disclosed. The process, involving a sub-critical power reactor and a proliferation-resistant fuel cycle, consumes depleted uranium or thorium fuel with fissionable fuel, including reactor or weapons-grade plutonium. The reactor is comprised of coaxial neutron and energy-amplifying regions separated by moderating and thermal neutron absorbing layers. Control of the water or gas-cooled reactor is provided by plutonium-helium loops with a variable volume flow rate and an external source of neutrons that quickly reacts to any fluctuations of the reactor parameters. A second embodiment of the invention is a compact sub-critical propulsion reactor utilizing fission electric cell and thermo-acoustic technology for electrical power generation.

A light water reactor to safely convert depleted uranium into a fuel source that could be used as a sustainable source of energy for centuries. The reactor is a type of breed-burn reactor uniquely combined with a proliferation-resistant fuel cycle with no uranium enrichment and no plutonium isolation. It is comprised of a compact factory-produced fast region and a thermal region that produces about 95% of the core power and contains the passageways for transports of delayed-neutron emitters to the fast region, where they can provide additional neutrons (source-based mode) or all the necessary excitation without an external neutron source (self-regulating mode). A second embodiment of the invention is a small unit driven by a neutron source with beam recycling for propulsion, electrical power or radioisotope production. It could also serve as a demonstration facility for the transmutation reactor with fission-fusion fuel.

A method and arrangement of determining pin enrichments for a fuel bundle of a nuclear reactor, where a plurality of input parameters and target conditions may be input and enrichment changes, to be made across the fuel bundle, may be calculated using response matrix technology. Fuel bundle pin enrichment data may be output that satisfies the target conditions. The method and arrangement may enable production of fuel bundles having a desired local peaking, exposure peaking and R-factor performance. Consequently, given fuel cycles typically may be loaded and operated such that less fuel may be needed for identical cycle lengths, potentially resulting in improved fuel cycle economics. Additionally, because fuel bundle development may require fewer iterations, there may be a substantial cycle time reduction in the bundle design process, potentially reducing cost and enhancing profitability.

The present invention is directed to fuel dispensing nozzles and more particularity to a spout of a fuel dispensing nozzle that reduces the amount of harmful emissions created during a fueling cycle. The spout of the nozzle has an inside surface that is in direct contact with a flow of fuel. After the flow of fuel is stopped, the residual amount of fuel adhered to the inside spout surface is encouraged to collect and drip from at least one fuel collection channel. The at least one fuel channel results in less fuel dripping on the ground and less residual fuel, both of which harmfully evaporate into the air.

The present invention therefore aims at providing a nozzle that reduces the amount of residual fuel left on a spout after fueling by encouraging the residual fuel to drip into the container to be filled. A fuel dispensing nozzle is comprised of a nozzle body, a fuel regulating valve, and a spout for directing the fuel supply from the regulating valve to and in the container to be filled. After a fueling cycle, fuel clings to both the inside and outside spout surfaces and can be considered a falling film. Wherein existing nozzle spouts have discontinuous spout end faces that impede the flow of falling films into the container to be filled, the improved nozzle and endface according to the present invention encourage the falling films to create drops that fall into a container to be filled.

The invention relates to a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant mega-kilowatt unit complete low neutron escape advanced one-quarter refueling method and a safety analysis system thereof. The pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant mega-kilowatt unit complete low neutron escape advanced one-quarter refueling method comprises: replacing one quarter of new fuel components, namely 32 to 48 components, in each fuel cycle; and putting the new fuel components in the reactor core of the reactor initially, wherein the inside of the reactor core refers to the place inside a secondary outer ring of the reaction core including the secondary outer ring. When the complete low neutron escape advanced one-quarter refueling method is adopted, the safety and economy of the reactor core and fuel are improved considerably, the maximum fuel consumption of the fuel components can reach 57,000MWd / tU, fuel cost is saved and the service life of the pressure vessel of the reactor can be prolonged. Meanwhile, the safety analysis system of the invention can provide a necessary implementation condition for the complete low neutron escape advanced one-quarter refueling method and provides a necessary environment for the normal operation of the reactor which is arranged by the method.

A system and method is provided for a continual updating of the optimization of multiple operational control-variables during the operation of a nuclear reactor over a plurality of fuel cycles. A networked computer system includes one or more hosts programmed to execute an optimization process to identify and make changes in quantitative values of operational control-variables that result in improved efficiency and operational flexibility. Optimization and updating of operational control-variables may proceed selectively under manual control for inputting specific optimization constraints and reactor state-point information or may proceed autonomously through a repetitive performing of the optimization process based upon a predetermined user-defined strategy stored on the network. Communications between users and networked processors is facilitated by use of a TCP / IP server connected to the Internet so that portions of the optimization process may be conducted contemporaneously at remote locations and / or the results made accessible to users via conventional browser enabled computers.

A head assembly for a reactor pressure vessel includes a removable closure head, an array of control rod drive mechanisms, a seismic support platform, a missile shield assembly and a cooling system for drawing atmospheric air across electromagnetic coil stack assemblies. The cooling system includes: a lower shroud surrounding the coil stack assemblies with an end open to the atmosphere around the CRDMs; a plurality of extending internal ducts disposed within the array of CRDMs upwardly to an upper plenum disposed above the seismic support platform and a plurality of fan assemblies disposed on the upper plenum. The missile shield is disposed within the upper plenum. The cooling system effectively cools the coil stack assemblies during fuel cycles and does not hinder access to the CRDMs during an outage. The head assembly has lift legs for transporting either the entire head assembly as an integral unit or the structure above the seismic support platform a subassembly.

The invention discloses a biomass fuel circular gasification device and a method thereof, wherein, the biomass fuel circular gasification device comprises a combustion furnace and a cracking furnace which are independently arranged. The biomass fuel circular gasification device is characterized in that the upper end of the combustion furnace and the upper end of the cracking furnace are both sealed; the cracking furnace comprises a heating part and a dry distillation part which are sealed by a heat conducting device; the heating part is communicated with the combustion furnace by a flue gas delivery pipe; and the dry distillation part is communicated with the combustion furnace by a dry-distillated gas delivery pipe. The invention adopts a method of circularly producing gas and alternately implements the biomass fuel cracking gas production and the fuel thermal storage. The invention solves the problems that fuel gas produced by a biomass gasification fuel gas producing device has low thermal value and high toxicity, the fuel gas post treatment is complex, the practicability is worse, the constructability is insufficient, and the like in the prior art.

The invention discloses a method and a system for producing a <252>Cf neutron source by a fusion-driven sub-critical system, the external neutron source is: D-T fusion neutron source; a fuel cycle mode is a U-Pu cycle mode, and the fusion-driven sub-critical system of the U-Pu cycle mode has higher neutron flux. The structure of a cladding layer is as follows: an actinide nuclide treatment area, a target area, a fissile fuel proliferation area or the fissile fuel proliferation area, a fission product treatment area and a reflection and shielding area are sequentially surrounded at the outside of a generation area of the external neutron source, and the various areas are separated by using structural materials. The target area adopts helium as a cooling agent, reaction substances of the target area are formed by stacking in small sphere shape, and the volume of total solids accounts for 60 percent to 90 percent of the total volume. A target ball is taken out after materials of the target area are continuously radiated for about one year in the fusion-driven sub-critical system; the <252>Cf has short half-life and can not be radiated for a long time.

The invention discloses a molten salt reactor core, a molten salt reactor system, a fuel cycle system and a fuel cycle method. An active region of the molten salt reactor core has a respective independent transmutation region and a proliferation region, and the transmutation region is disposed in the proliferation region; the transmutation region is used for fast-spectrum transmutation of tran uranium nuclides under chlorine salt and no moderators conditions, and transferring high residual neutrons obtained by the transmutation to the proliferation region; the proliferation region is used forsuperheating-spectrum proliferation of nuclear fuel thorium under fluoride salt and graphite balls as the moderator conditions. The molten salt reactor core, the molten salt reactor system, the fuel circulation system and the fuel cycle method have an excellent thorium uranium proliferation capability and a transmutation capability, can efficiently transmute TRU in spent fuel, fully utilize the nuclear fuel thorium, and successfully solve current difficulties of shortage of nuclear fuel resources and accumulation of highly active wastes in nuclear development.

An engine system is provided. The engine system includes an ambient air pressure sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of a pressure of ambient air. The engine system also includes an operational parameter sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of one or more operational parameters associated with the engine. The engine system further includes a controller communicably coupled to the ambient air pressure sensor and the operational parameter sensor. The controller is configured to receive the signal indicative of the pressure of ambient air and the signal indicative of the one or more operational parameters associated with the engine. The controller estimates the temperature of at least one of a valve, a piston, a liner, a cylinder head, and a pre-chamber of the engine as a function of the received signals and parameters associated with fuel delivery in a single fuel cycle of the engine.

The invention aims to provides a dual-fuel oil supply system for a marine diesel engine, which comprises a main engine, an oil supply unit, a high-sulfur oil compartment and a low-sulfur oil compartment, wherein the oil supply unit comprises fuel oil transfer pumps, a fuel oil reflux cylinder, fuel oil circulating pumps, a fuel oil heater and a total sulfur filter; oil inlets in the fuel oil transfer pumps are communicated with oil inlet pipes; the oil inlet pipes are communicated with an outlet pipeline of the high-sulfur oil compartment and that of the lower-sulfur oil compartment via a tee; oil outlets in the fuel oil transfer pumps are communicated with oil outlet pipes; the oil outlet pipes are communicated with the fuel oil reflux cylinder; the fuel oil reflux cylinder is communicated with the main engine and the high-sulfur oil compartment via a first loop and a high-sulfur oil loop respectively, and is communicated with the fuel oil circulating pumps, the fuel oil heater and the total sulfur filter in sequence via a second loop; and an end part of the second loop is connected with the main engine. The dual-fuel oil supply system has the advantages that not only can the emission of a ship reach the emission standard during ECAs running, but also the lubricating levels of a fuel spray nozzle inlet and fuel oil pumps and the viscidity of fuel oil during fuel oil switching can be guaranteed.

The present invention relates to a computational system and method to analyze a radiation field in a light water nuclear reactor. The system and method include a radiation transport module for performing a neutron and gamma transport calculation of a reactor geometry model of the light water nuclear reactor for at least one fuel cycle; a material analysis module for analyzing flux data calculated by the radiation transport module for materials and / or components within the light water nuclear reactor; and a mobile component tracking module for calculating radiation exposure for components within the light water nuclear reactor which have more than one different location during or between the at least one fuel cycle.

A head assembly for a reactor pressure vessel includes a removable closure head, an array of control rod drive mechanisms, a seismic support platform, a missile shield assembly and a cooling system for drawing atmospheric air across electromagnetic coil stack assemblies. The cooling system includes: a lower shroud surrounding the coil stack assemblies with an end open to the atmosphere around the CRDMs; a plurality of extending internal ducts disposed within the array of CRDMs upwardly to an upper plenum disposed above the seismic support platform and a plurality of fan assemblies disposed on the upper plenum. The missile shield is disposed within the upper plenum. The cooling system effectively cools the coil stack assemblies during fuel cycles and does not hinder access to the CRDMs during an outage. The head assembly has lift legs for transporting either the entire head assembly as an integral unit or the structure above the seismic support platform a subassembly.

The invention discloses a steam water heat recovery and fuel heating integrated efficiency-increasing system for a combined-cycle power plant. The steam water heat recovery and fuel heating integrated efficiency-increasing system comprises a gas turbine unit, a gas inlet pipeline, a feeding pipeline, a waste heat boiler, a chimney, a steam unit, a steam water heat recovery system and a fuel cycle preheating system. The gas inlet pipeline and the feeding pipeline are connected with the gas turbine unit. The waste heat boiler is connected with an outlet of the gas turbine unit. The chimney is connected with the waste heat boiler. The steam unit is connected with the waste heat boiler. The steam water heat recovery system is connected with a steam turbine. The fuel cycle preheating system is connected with the feeding pipeline and the waste heat boiler. By means of the steam water heat recovery and fuel heating integrated efficiency-increasing system for the combined-cycle power plant, the overall combined-cycle heat efficiency is improved, and cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a fuel oil system of a ship; the fuel oil system comprises a main engine, a low vulcanized oil cabin, a diesel oil cabin and a heavy oil cabin, wherein the main engine is connected with an oil supply unit by an oil line; the low vulcanized oil cabin, the diesel oil cabin and the heavy oil cabin are connected with the oil supply unit by an oil line; the oil supply unit comprises a low vulcanized oil cooler, an oil feed pump, a fuel oil heater, a fuel oil self-cleaning strainer, a fuel oil return cylinder and a fuel oil circulating pump; one end of the oil feed pump is connected with the fuel oil return cylinder; the other end of the oil feed pump is respectively connected with the low vulcanized oil cabin, the diesel oil cabin and the heavy oil cabin; a return circuit is arranged on the fuel oil return cylinder and is connected with the main engine; a return circuit is arranged on the fuel oil return cylinder and is sequentially connected with the fuel oil circulating pump, the fuel oil heater and the fuel oil self-cleaning strainer; the low vulcanized oil cooler is arranged between the fuel oil circulating pump and the fuel oil self-cleaning strainer; and necessary valves are arranged on the oil lines or pipelines. The low-sulfur fuel oil system of the ship of the invention has the advantages of being simple, free in oil line switching and stable in operating performances, meeting the requirements of various regulations and effectively reducing the operating cost; meanwhile, the service life of equipment is prolonged; and the fuel oil system has very good practical applicability and has very good economic benefits and social benefits.

The invention relates to a fuel cell system for a portable device. The portable device has heat components. The fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell body in which chemical reaction occurs to provide electric energy, with water contained in the generated reaction products, a fuel supply and cycle driving device which controls fuel amount and / or fuel flow rate inside a fuel cycle ring according to the fuel concentration and / or fuel temperature, a water cycle driving device which controls water quantity and / or water flow rate in a water cycle ring according to the fuel temperature and temperature of the heat components, the fuel cycle ring constituting a ring between the fuel cell body and fuel supply and cycle driving device, by which fuel is supplied to the fuel cell body and residual fuel is brought back to the fuel supply and circle driving device, the water cycle ring constituting a ring in which water in the reaction products flows, and a heat exchange unit of double circulation, wherein, heat exchange occurs among the fuel cycle ring, the water cycle ring and the heat components.

The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of vehicle information prompting, more particularly to a fueling prompting method and a fueling prompting apparatus. The fueling promptingmethod comprises: recording the fueling information of a vehicle; determining the fueling cycle information of the vehicle according to the fueling information; and generating fueling prompting information according to the cycle information. According to the present invention, with the technical scheme of the embodiments, the fueling cycle information of the vehicle is obtained by counting a largeamount of the fueling information of the vehicle, such that the driving habit of the driver and the relationship between the vehicle performance and the fueling information can be accurately reflected so as to prompt the driver with the fueling prompting information generated according to the cycle information; and with the method and the apparatus, the driver can be prompted to fuel on the basisof the considering the driving habit of the driver and the vehicle performance, such that the condition that the driver erroneously determines the mileage of the remaining fuel according to subjective inference so as to miss the right fueling time can be avoided, and the remaining fuel can ensure the driving distance from the current position to the gas station.

A generator section and a control section are arranged in a housing of a fuel cell. The generator section has an electromotive unit which generates power based on a chemical reaction, a fuel tank which contains a fuel, a fuel circulation passage through which the fuel is circulated between the electromotive unit and the fuel tank, and a radiator section which cools the fuel circulation passage. The control section has a heat generating electronic component and controls the operation of the generator section. A part of the fuel circulation passage is connected thermally to the heat generating electronic component.

The invention relates to a fuel washing device for an aircraft refueling vehicle, which comprises a nitrogen-rich gas generating device, a fuel circulating pump, a gas and fuel mixing device and a fuel tank of the refueling vehicle. A nitrogen-rich gas outlet of the nitrogen-rich gas generating device is connected with a gas inlet of the gas and fuel mixing device through a gas delivering pipe. The gas delivering pipe between the nitrogen-rich gas outlet of the nitrogen-rich gas generating device and the gas inlet of the gas and fuel mixing device is connected with a washing check valve. The fuel circulating pump is connected with a fuel inlet hole of the gas and fuel mixing device through a fuel conveying pipe, and an outlet hole of the gas and fuel mixing device is connected with the fuel tank of the refueling vehicle. A gas exhaust opening of the fuel tank of the refueling vehicle is connected with a washing gas exhaust valve. When the device is used for performing fuel washing on the fuel tank of the refueling vehicle in fuel delivery, the device effectively overcomes the technical defects of the airborne nitrogen generating system, has no need of taking the weight and volume of the equipment into consideration, and can use large separating film area and high separating pressure to obtain nitrogen-rich gas with large flow quantity and high purity for washing.

The invention discloses a fuel oil circulating filter system, an oil tank and an engineering machine. The fuel oil circulating filter system comprises a circulating oil conveying circuit arranged outside the oil tank and communicated with the oil tank, wherein the circulating oil conveying circuit is provided with a circulating pump and a filter device for filtering fuel oil. Therefore, the fuel oil circulating filter system can improve the fuel oil filter precision, and can reduce the on-way resistance of an oil conveying pipeline.

The invention provides a large two-stroke diesel engine with a common fuel injection system. A fuel injection of a large two-stroke diesel engine includes a low pressure conduit, an intermediate pressure conduit, a high pressure common fuel rail. The control valves control the flow from the common fuel rail to the fuel injection valve. The fuel valve comprises a entry connected with control valve through injection conduit, and a exit connected with the low pressure conduit. The control valve connects the injection conduit with common rail when the fuel injection starts, and connects the injection conduit with low pressure conduit or intermediate pressure conduit when the fuel injection ends. The invention furthermore comprises valve gear for connecting the intermediate pressure conduit with injection conduit directly or by control valve, and for fuel cycle during outofoperation of engine.

The invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor engineering, in particular to a follower component driven by a driving mechanism in a pressure shell and a water reactor adopting the same. The invention realizes the spectral shift control of a reactor and compansates the decrease of reactivity in a burn-up process by a depleted uranium (or thorium) compound follower, and adopts a dense weir and residential uranium compound fuel postprocessed by partially utilizing natural uranium and spent fuel, thereby greatly saving nuclear fuel and decreasing fuel cycle cost. A driving mechanisms driving a great amount of follower components are arranged in the pressure shell, so as to prevent the joint sections of the driving mechanism from penetrating through the upper sealing head of the pressure shell, carry out the spectral shift control under the condition without influencing the reliability of the pressure shell, lower the boron concentration of the water reactor in water in an operation process, avoid the occurrence of the problem of serious corrosion of the joint sections and the upper sealing head of the driving mechanism due to the penetration of boric acid through the upper sealing head of the pressure shell, reduce the possibility of elastic rod accidents and improve the safety.

The present invention provides a oil heater inject atomizing type oil fuel pump test device for automobile which includes D. C. motor, fuel tank, grease collector, fuel recovery tube, fuel consumption measuring apparatus, non-return electromagnetic valve, one-way bi-pass electromagnetic valves, three way electromagnetic valve and control circuit; D. C. motor with powermeter, electrical machine shaft with speedometer; Fuel tank, fuel consumption measuring apparatus, non-return electromagnetic valve, fuel circulate tank, fuel filter, one-way bi-pass electromagnetic valves are connected in sequence; Three way electromagnetic valve is communicated with fuel tank and is connected with fuel circulate tank; oil-out of grease collector is communicated with fuel tank; each electromagnetic valve and instrumentation is electrically connected with control circuit. The present invention can execute full experiment to pump oil mass of oil heater oil fuel pump for automobile , amount of fuel delivered, oil spout pressure, vacuum degree, oil pump rotary speed and elapsed power etc, and also can obtain various characteristic of oil fuel pump in different rotary speed.

The invention relates to a nuclear fuel pellet and a manufacturing method thereof, and a nuclear reactor. The nuclear fuel pellet at least comprises a first fuel zone and a second fuel zone which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the thickness of the second fuel zone is much smaller than that of the first fuel zone; and the reactivity of a nuclear fuel material of the first fuel zone is higher than that of a nuclear fuel material of the second fuel zone. The nuclear fuel material with lower reactivity is arranged on the periphery of the nuclear fuel pellet with higher reactivity to perform the function of lowering initial reactivity margin, so that burnable poisons and / or boric acid in the reactor core are correspondingly reduced, thereby being beneficial to reactor core nuclear design and reactivity control; or more fissionable materials can be loaded to implement longer fuel cycle. More neutrons can be effectively absorbed, thereby enhancing the conversion ratio of the fuel. Besides, the nuclear fuel material with lower reactivity is arranged at the innermost ring of the nuclear fuel pellet to have the function of reducing fissible material residues, thereby enhancing the utilization ratio of nuclear fuels.

A method for generating fuel loading data for a core in a nuclear reactor, wherein the core includes an array of fuel locations in the core, the method includes: defining an even cycle bundle shift map of fuel bundles to be shifted to another core location during an even fuel loading cycle; defining an odd cycle shift map of fuel bundles to be shifted to another core location during an odd loading cycle, wherein the odd cycle and even cycle are alternative and successive core refueling cycles; defining a discharge map identifying the another locations to receive the bundles from the locations identified in the even and odd cycle shift maps, and generating shuffling instructions indicating which fuel bundles from a prior fuel cycle are to be shifted to one of the another locations of the core for a subsequent fuel cycle, wherein bundles to be shifted during the even fuel loading cycle are selected from the fuel bundles to be shifted identified in the even cycle bundle shift map and bundles to be shifted during the odd fuel loading cycle are selected from the fuel bundles to be shifted identified in the odd cycle bundle shift map.

The invention relates to a sphere-bed high-temperature gas-cooled online refueling system, which belongs to the reactor engineering technology area. The states system includes four function subsystem that new fuel loading system, reactor core fuel cycle main system, spent fuel removing system, reactor core evacuation and re-loading system; which is composed of the charging hole (1), the cross ball counter (2), the isolation ball valve (3), the emptying chute (10), the dumping device (11), the broken spherical tank (12), the divider (40) and so on. The end of the charging hole (1) connects theacross ball counter (2), the end of the cross ball counter (2) connects the isolation ball valve (3),the end of isolation ball valve (3) connects the divider (40). The end of the divider (40) dividesinto two ways, each way connects a suit of the isolation ball valve (5). The invention saves the cost; guarantees the integrality of the fuel component in the entire reactor core loading process; canenhances the fuel simplification and the broken ball separation speed and the reliability, saves the cabin space; effectively control the transportation of the fuel element in system pipeline.

The invention discloses a calculation method used for searching for a balanced cycle of a fast neutron reactor. The method comprises the steps of 1, representing a fuel management scheme as multiple fuel management paths; 2, making a fuel cycle process equivalent to an approximate balanced cycle; 3, for the approximate balanced cycle, performing neutron transport and burnup coupling calculation of an in-reactor cycle to obtain a transmutation matrix of each stage of each fuel management path; 4, repeating the steps 2 and 3 until a nuclear density vector of each stage of each fuel management path is converged, thereby obtaining an in-reactor cycle mode; 5, performing linear interpolation or extrapolation on cycle length, and performing a search to obtain the in-reactor cycle mode meeting discharge burnup level requirements; 6, calculating spent fuel reprocessing recovery and new fuel reproducing processes, performing burnup calculation of the in-reactor cycle on a nuclear density vector of newly loaded fuel according to the transmutation matrix, and repeating the processes until the nuclear density vector of the newly loaded fuel of each fuel management path is converged; and 7, adjusting the enrichment degree of the newly loaded fuel to realize a target effective multiplication factor of a specified time point.

The invention relates to an arbitrary turnover four-stroke engine which comprises a diaphragm type carburetor and a fuel storage chamber, wherein the diaphragm type carburetor is used for pumping fuel by means of pressure pulse of a crank case of the engine and circulating redundant fuel to a fuel tank; the fuel storage chamber is used for sealing and storing lubricating oil and is internally provided with an oil-mist generator; a crank shaft drives the oil-mist generator to generate lubricating oil mist; an inlet channel on an air cylinder wall is communicated with the fuel storage chamber; a fuel outlet channel on the crankshaft case is communicated with an air valve control chamber; an air valve control device and an oil and gas separation device are mounted in the air valve control chamber; the upper part of the air valve control chamber is communicated with air through a fuel filter, and the lower part of the air valve control chamber is connected with the fuel storage chamber through a fuel return channel. The invention solves the difficult problem of arbitrary turnover in the four-stroke engine, improves the lubricating effect and eliminates the phenomenon of cylinder scoring and engine oil injection in the prior engine.