A branched flow channel type self-adaptation inflow control device comprises a base tube, an upper portion outer sleeve, a sand control screen tube, a lower portion outer sleeve and an inflow control box in a mutual connection mode. The type of fluid can be automatically identified, the level of flowing resistance can be automatically adjusted according to the characteristics of the fluid itself, before water breakthrough, certain resistance is exerted on the fluid, influences of a heeling effect and a reservoir stratum anisotropism can be offset, and therefore inflow sections along a horizontal shaft are even; once water breakthrough happens, flowing resistance will be increased obviously, so that flowing on a water layer section is restrained, and the long-period stable yield of an oil-gas well is guaranteed.