487results about How to "Spend less" patented technology

The present invention provides provides a system, method and apparatus for electronically searching for an item by receiving a search request comprising a requested category and one or more requested attributes of the item and storing the search request in a search index based on the requested category and the requested attribute(s). The search index includes one or more categories and each category is defined by a taxonomy of attributes. The search index is then searched for any previously stored search requests that match the requested category and the requested attribute(s), a result of the search is determined and a search response that includes the result of the search is sent.

The object of the present invention is to provide a toner which has sufficiently high chargeability and less toner spent to a carrier or the like even when several tens of thousands of image sheets are output, is capable of keeping high-charge property and flowability without causing substantial background smear or toner fogging, excels in low-temperature fixing property and hot-offset property, and has a wide range of fixing temperature as well as to provide a developer, an image forming apparatus, a process cartridge, and an image forming method using the toner for developing electrostatic images. The toner of the present invention comprises a colorant, and a resin, and a fluoride compound, in which the fluoride compound exists on the surfaces of toner particles, and the atomic number ratio (F / C) of fluoride atoms to carbon atoms existing on the surfaces of the toner particles is 0.010 to 0.054.

A business method utilizing a system comprising one or more distributed computers, application software, off-the-shelf peripheral components including a data entry (KDE) device without a keyboard or a mouse, business processes, human and KDE device readable data, related information on removable data storage media or available from external databases, and existing communications systems for speeding and improving: 1) personal or business automation, efficiency and productivity, goal attainment; 2) improving, speeding and automating the person-computer interface; 3) selection, acquisition, and tracking usage of items acquired from an existing supply chain; 4) marketing items and retaining customers buying the products, controlling their usage, and disseminating information about the products.

A method for producing a plurality of semiconductor chips, particularly radiation-emitting semiconductor chips, each having at least one epitaxially produced functional semiconductor layer stack, comprising the following method steps:preparing a growth substrate wafer (1) substantially comprised of semiconductor material from a semiconductor material system that is with respect to lattice parameters the same as or similar to that on which a semiconductor layer sequence for the functional semiconductor layer stack is based,forming in the growth substrate wafer (1) a separation zone (4) disposed parallel to a main face (100) of the growth substrate wafer (1),joining the growth substrate wafer (1) to an auxiliary carrier wafer (2),detaching along the separation zone (4) a portion (11) of the growth substrate wafer (1) that faces away from the auxiliary carrier wafer (2) as viewed from the separation zone (4),forming on the portion (12) of the growth substrate wafer remaining on the auxiliary carrier wafer (2) a growth surface for subsequent epitaxial growth of a semiconductor layer sequence,epitaxially growing the semiconductor layer sequence (5) on the growth surface,applying a chip substrate wafer to the semiconductor layer sequence,detaching the auxiliary carrier wafer (2), andsingulating the composite composed of the semiconductor layer sequence and the chip substrate wafer (7) into mutually separate semiconductor chips.

The invention relates to a process for producing metal foam and to a metal body produced using this process.The object is achieved by a process for producing metal foam by adding a blowing agent to a metal melt, wherein the metal melt is introduced into the die cavity of a metal die-casting machine and is foamed using a blowing agent which releases gases and is solid at room temperature.

The invention relates to a method for tuning an adjustable oscillator, in which oscillator at least one resonance circuit is used. The frequency of the oscillator is adjusted by changing the resonance frequency of the at least one resonance circuit by means of a control signal for which a minimum value and a maximum value are selected. In the method at least one target value is selected for the control signal, the frequency of the adjustable oscillator is adjusted to substantially correspond to the target value and the value of the control signal and the target value are compared. When the value of the control signal is substantially different from the target value, a tuning signal is produced to change the resonance frequency of the at least one resonance circuit.

A series of shafts configured to attach in a bore of a receiving part and a method for manufacturing the shafts, the series including at least two different sizes, each size including different variants of shafts; wherein each shaft includes at least five contiguous axial regions, wherein each variant includes different gear teeth in the axial region of the first end of the shaft. The bore in the receiving part includes at least three axially adjacent regions, the axial regions being arranged to provide a force-locked connection between the shaft and the receiving part when the shaft is pressed into the receiving part and such that the toothed or milled region of the shaft cuts into the bore in a form-locked manner as a result of the shaft being pressed in.

The invention relates to a manipulation device for loading and unloading a shelf, in particular for a processing center, having at least one lift truck including a telescopic extension, the telescopic extension having at least one first telescoping part and at least one second telescoping part, and the first telescoping part being connected to the lift truck and the second telescoping part being connected to the first telescoping part so it is displaceable in an essentially horizontal displacement direction. To reduce the manufacturing expenditure, it is provided that the lift truck has at least one first linear roller bearing unit and at least one support roll, spaced apart from the first linear roller bearing unit in the displacement direction, in the area of sides parallel to the displacement direction, and each first telescoping part has at least one first profiled rail situated parallel to the displacement direction, each first linear roller bearing unit being guided in a first profiled rail, and the first telescoping parts being supported by the support rolls of the lift truck.

Disclosed is a magnetic drive for an electrical switch, including a linear armature (26) displaceable between two ends positions, a shunt body (27) mounted at a distance from said armature and means (24, 25, 30, 31) for generating a magnetic field. The magnetic field exerts a force on the armature (26) retaining the latter in the end positions. By joining the shunt body (27) with the armature (26), the course of the flow lines of the magnetic field are changed in such a way that the retaining force exerted on the armature (26) is reduced and the latter is displaced to the other end position, optionally by a force exerted externally on the armature (26), and retained in the position by the magnetic field. Disconnection is effected by the shunt body (27), were after being joined with the shunt body (27) the armature (26) is moved from the end position opposite the shunt body (27) to the end position facing the shunt body (26). Fixing means (37-40, 42-45) are especially provided which hold the shunt body (27) in the end position opposite said shunt body and which joins the shunt body with the armature (26) when the electric switch (1) is disconnected requiring little energy / force expenditure.

The invention relates to a position-finding method for d4eterming the location of a mobile object. The features, for example received field strengths, of a plurality of base stations are measured, and the object position is located from these features, using a reference map. During an initialization process, a reference map is created which comprises a multiplicity of positions and the associated feature-dependent values. During use of the method, a plurality of position-finding processes are carried out, by means of each of which a measured feature-dependent value and from this, a located position of the object, are determined using the predetermined reference map. The predetermined reference map is in each case updated for at least some of the positions found, during which updates, the feature-dependent values are each corrected by a correction term at the support points of the reference map in a predetermined area surrounding an object position.

A single sheet handling device (14a to 14d, 30, 200, 252, 270, 350) for the input and the output of rectangular single sheets (38) respectively into and out of a container (12a to 12d). These rectangular single sheets can in particular be banknotes (38). The single sheet handling device (14a to 14d, 30, 200, 252, 270, 350) has a feeding device with feeding elements for the sheet-by-sheet feeding of single sheets (38) and for storing these single sheets (38) in a stack (36) of single sheets in the container (12a to 12d). Further, the single sheet handling device has a separating device with separating elements for the sheet-by-sheet removal of single sheets (38) of the stack (36) from the container (12a to 12d). The feeding elements and the separating elements are arranged separately from the container (12a to 12d).

A solar power plant with a plurality of photovoltaic modules for generating a power to be fed in a multi-phase grid, several photovoltaic strings, which are allocated to different phases, being connected to a primary side of a mains transformer and at least one inverter for converting the direct voltage generated by the photovoltaic modules into an alternating mains voltage conforming to the grid being provided and said mains transformer being provided with a neutral conductor and with a grounded terminal, is intended to be improved in such a manner that the life of the photovoltaic modules, in particular in case of thin-film modules, is increased, allowing for high conversion efficiency of the inverters at low wiring costs. This is achieved in that an additional direct voltage source is inserted between the neutral conductor and ground in such a manner that the potential of the photovoltaic strings is displaced and that a bias voltage is set, which is different from zero volt.

The invention relates to a method for the packet-oriented transmission of data in telecommunications networks between a communications terminal and a data computer in which the data is transmitted via an intermediately connected protocol-converting intermediate node which converts messages in a connectionless transmission protocol into messages in a connection-oriented transmission protocol, and vice versa. In the method, a program module is transferred to the communications terminal which permits the communications terminal to transmit and receive messages by the connectionless transmission protocol. Furthermore, the invention relates to a network node and a telecommunications network.

A drive apparatus includes an electric motor (9), a control device (2) having a microprocessor (3) and a motor control module (5), which interacts with a power module (7) for the purpose of adjusting desired electrical parameters for the electric motor (9), a connecting line (8), which connects an output of the control device (2) to the electric motor (9), and a self-diagnostics device having a structure-borne noise sensor (6), which is connected to the electric motor, and an assessment module (4) for the signals from said structure-borne noise sensor (6). The invention assessment module is integrated in the control device, to be precise such that the microprocessor (3) of the control device (2) assesses the signals from the structure-borne noise sensor (6). The computational power of the microprocessor used in the operation of the power module (7) is used for directly assessing and interpreting the structure-borne noise signal.

A method and a device for measuring humidity may be suitable for determining the relative humidity in the high-humidity range. The device includes a sensor device, as well as a circuit connected to the same. The sensor device includes a capacitive humidity-sensor element, a temperature-sensor element, and a heating element, the humidity-sensor element being heated in at least one part of the humidity-measuring range. The ambient temperature is further ascertained by the circuit, from the heating power required in the heating mode, as well as from the measured, local sensor device temperature, in order to further determine the relative humidity.

An optical detection device for detecting an intensity of a light beam in a detection window and for detecting data transmitted by the light beam includes a first detection diode and an array of at least two second detection diodes in a detection window. In addition, provision is made for a first readout circuit connectable to the first detection diode, for reading out the first detection diode at a first readout speed to detect the data, and for a second readout circuit connectable to the second detection diodes, for reading out the second detection diodes at a second readout speed smaller than the first readout speed, so as to detect the intensity of the light beam. A fundamental consideration underlying the present invention is that although the provision of additional detection diodes in the detection window initially is associated with additional expense and a reduction of the surface area of the detection window which may effectively be utilized for data detection, these disadvantages are outweighed however, by the fact that this array of additional detection diodes in the detection window enables more effective and / or less expensive control of the alignment of the light beam transmitting the data with the detection window.

A wind energy installation includes a tower provided with rotor blades that are adjusted using a servomotor connected to a pitch circuit and an emergency circuit. During normal operation the rotor blades are actuated by the pitch circuit and during emergency operation are actuated by the emergency circuit. The emergency circuit has an electric energy store, a switching device, connection lines to the servomotor and a protection device which includes comprises a power flow detector module (60) designed for determining whether electric power flows into or from the servomotor and a discharge module designed to limit the voltage and / or current in the emergency circuit in the case of a power flow from the servomotor.