The invention discloses a remote wireless real-time greenhouse environment monitoring system and a remote wireless real-time greenhouse environment monitoring method and belongs to the field of remote real-time carbon dioxide monitoring. The monitoring system comprises a monitoring server, a plurality of remote data repeaters which are respectively connected with the monitoring server through a general packet radio service (GPRS) wireless communication network, and a plurality of greenhouse environment monitoring instruments which are wirelessly interconnected in a star-shaped local area network structure by taking each remote data repeater as the center, wherein each remote data repeater comprises a power module, a microcontroller, as well as a short-range wireless receiving module, a SD storage module, a liquid crystal display (LCD) module and a GPRS wireless transmission module which are respectively connected with the microcontroller; and each greenhouse environment monitoring instrument comprises a power module, a microcontroller, as well as a greenhouse environment sensor group, a global position system (GPS) positioning module and a short-range wireless transmitting module which are respectively connected with the microcontroller. The monitoring requirements of wide-range discretization and narrow-range dense distribution in the greenhouse environment are considered, and the monitoring system is simple in structure, flexible in point distribution, remote, real-time, wireless in transmission, real-time in display, low in cost and low in power consumption.