1052results about How to "Reduce switching frequency" patented technology

A battery pack for an electronic device comprises battery cells, a battery charging circuit, and an energy receiving element adapted to receive power from a planar inductive charging system. The energy receiving element has an inductance and a capacitor is connected to the energy receiving element and forms a resonant tank therewith. A diode rectifier and a DC capacitor are connected to the energy receiving element to provide a rectified DC voltage that can be fed from the energy receiving element to said battery charging circuit. The energy receiving element may comprise a soft magnetic sheet with a coil wound around its edges, or a coil formed on a printed circuit board, or a combination of the two. The energy receiving element may be formed integrally with the battery pack, or may be provided as a separate component that can be added to an existing battery.

A battery pack for an electronic device comprises battery cells, a battery charging circuit, and an energy receiving element adapted to receive power from a planar inductive charging system. The energy receiving element has an inductance and a capacitor is connected to the energy receiving element and forms a resonant tank therewith. A diode rectifier and a DC capacitor are connected to the energy receiving element to provide a rectified DC voltage that can be fed from the energy receiving element to said battery charging circuit. The energy receiving element may comprise a soft magnetic sheet with a coil wound around its edges, or a coil formed on a printed circuit board, or a combination of the two. The energy receiving element may be formed integrally with the battery pack, or may be provided as a separate component that can be added to an existing battery.

Switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) and their control methods for radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers in battery-powered wireless transmitter devices involve a Boost-type SMPS and a Buck-type SMPS in cascade connection which are controlled so that high efficiency is maintained for various loads and transmission power levels. The Boost SMPS and the Buck SMPS can be controlled based on the mode of operation of the transmitter, such as the actual battery voltage, the needed output power, the selected frequency band, the selected RF power amplifier (PA), the selected modulation method of the transmission signal, and / or the selected PA voltage control method, such as the envelope elimination and restoration (EER) technique, the envelope tracking (ET) technique, or the power-level tracking (PT) technique.

An array stimulator has a plurality of electrodes in an array (22), the electrodes forming a plurality of electrode pairs, and a signal generator (18) for generating signals to the electrodes so as to generate electrical pulse in a patient to which the stimulator has been applied either transcutaneously or by implantation. Those electrical pulses form a composite pulse in the patient which stimulates the nervous system of the patient. The composite pulse has a duration between 4 μs and 1500 μs and a maximum voltage between 2V and 50V when the stimulator is implanted, and 15V to 500V when applied transcutaneously. The electrical pulses themselves are significantly shorter duration than the composite pulse, so they stimulate the nervous system of the patient much less than the composite pulse or not at all.

A switching power converter detects low load conditions based on the ratio of a first peak current value for peak current switching in constant voltage regulation mode to a second peak current value for peak current switching in constant current regulation mode. The power supply load is considered to have a low load if the ratio is lower than a predetermined threshold. Once a low load condition is detected, the switching frequency of the switching power converter is reduced to a level that minimizes switching loss in the power converter. In addition, the switching power converter also adjusts the switching frequency according to the sensed input line voltage. An offset is added to the switching period to reduce the switching frequency of the switching power converter, as the input line voltage is increased.

An audio switching power amplifier having an output pulse voltage selected in conformity with an indication of the output signal amplitude provides lower electromagnetic interference (EMI) in class-D amplifier implementations, in particular, in inductor-less designs. The output pulse voltage may be selected by providing multiple switching circuits, such as half or fully bridge switches, with each switching circuit connected to a different power supply. One of the switching circuits is activated by the switching controller, while the others are disabled, providing selection of the output pulse voltage. Selection of a lower pulse voltage, when the maximum voltage is not required, reduces the generated EMI. The switching frequency of the class-D amplifier may also be controlled in conformity with the output signal amplitude, so that at higher output levels a lower switching rate is selected, reducing the generated EMI.

A control IC including a full-bridge circuit is disposed on a primary side and a secondary side. Bidirectional communication is performed between the primary side and the secondary side in a state in which they are isolated. A control signal output from the primary side or the secondary side earlier is preferentially processed. As a result, the authority to control a switching element can be freely given to a primary-side control IC or a secondary-side control IC, and any control processing can be performed with software.

The present invention relates in one aspect to a class D audio amplifier with improved output driver topology supporting multi-level output signals such as 3-level, 4-level or 5-level pulse width or pulse density modulated output signals for application to a loudspeaker load. The present class D audio amplifiers are particularly well-suited for high-volume consumer audio applications and solutions.

The invention relates to a power distribution network fault arc extinction method by connecting a neutral point to the ground through multi-level converter. The power distribution network fault arc extinction method is characterized in that the cascade H-bridge multi-level converter is adopted and directly connected at the position of the neutral point of a power distribution network through a reactor; at the initial moment when the power distribution network has a single-phase earth fault, synthetic operation is conducted to generate offset currents needed to be injected (img file='69356dest_path_image001. TIF'wi'19' he'=25' / ), then the offset currents are quickly put into the multi-level converter, the multi-level converter is controlled by aid of the current tracking control algorithm and the PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) modulation strategy to generate offset currents (img file='652784dest_path_image001. TIF'wi'19' he'=25' / ), and the offset currents are put into the neutral point of the power distribution network so as to compensate grounding total currents of the fault point. In addition, the fault phase voltage is forced to be 0 constantly so the instantaneous grounding fault can be cleared automatically, and further the technical problem of the existing fault arc extinction technology of poor arc extinction effect can be solved.

An array stimulator has a plurality of electrodes in an array, the electrodes forming a plurality of electrode pairs, and a signal generator for generating signals to the electrodes so as to generate electrical pulse in a patient to which the stimulator has been applied either transcutaneously or by implantation. Those electrical pulses form a composite pulse in the patient which stimulates the nervous system of the patient. The composite pulse has a duration between 4 μs and 1500 μs and a maximum voltage between 2V and 50V when the stimulator is implanted, and 15V to 500V when applied transcutaneously. The electrical pulses themselves are significantly shorter duration than the composite pulse, so they stimulate the nervous system of the patient much less than the composite pulse or not at all.

The invention discloses an optimal pressure equalizing control method of a modular multilevel converter type direct current transmission system. By setting an upper limit and a lower limit on voltage, the pressure equalizing control is mainly carried out on submodules with out-of-limit capacitor voltage, and capacitor voltage sequencing for submodules with no out-of-limit capacitor voltage is processed by combing the charging / discharging conditions of bridge arm current so as to increase the probability of maintaining an original switching state for the submodules with no out-of-limit capacitor voltage when the next action is in triggering control and lower the switching frequency of devices. The introduction of the pressure equalizing control can not lower the working frequency of triggering control and the tracking speed of a converter by using submodule capacitor voltage sequencing and triggering control to work at different frequencies. The optimal pressure equalizing control method of the invention can greatly lower the switching frequency of the devices on the premise of having no obvious increment on submodule capacitor voltage fluctuation.

A control circuit 8 of a switching power source comprises a voltage detector 31 for detecting a voltage VDC of a DC power supply 1 to produce a detection voltage VDT; a comparator 41 for producing an output signal VCP when detection voltage VDT from voltage detector 31 exceeds a reference voltage VR2; a bottom voltage detector 51 for detecting a bottom point of voltage VDS across a MOS-FET 3 after energy has been discharged from transformer 2; and a switching controller 61 for selectively turning MOS-FET 3 on depending on existence or absence of the output signal VCP from comparator 41. When the input voltage VDC from DC power supply 1 so rises that detection voltage VDT of voltage detector 31 is above the reference voltage VR2, switching controller 61 serves to late turn MOS-FET 3 on at the time bottom voltage detector 51 detects the second or later bottom point of the voltage VDS across MOS-FET 3, extending the off period of MOS-FET 3 to reduce switching frequency of MOS-FET 3.

The invention provides a method for clustering districts which comprises the following steps of: dividing each district into a district marginal area and an inner area according to a wireless position of the district and organizing a plurality of adjacent district marginal areas into a virtual district. The invention also provides a wireless resource scheduling method based on the method for clustering districts, a movement management method, a district pilot frequency design method, a communication network and a resource scheduling system.

The embodiment of the invention provides a driving method of De-mux liquid crystal display (LCD) equipment. The driving method comprises the following steps: controlling the sub-pixels in the odd bits in a corresponding sub-pixel row and the sub-pixels in the even bits in the next adjacent sub-pixel row by an odd-numbered gate line in a display panel; controlling the sub-pixels in the odd bits in a sub-pixel row corresponding to an even-numbered gate line and the sub-pixels in the even bits in a sub-pixel row corresponding to the odd-numbered gate line by the next even-numbered gate line adjacent to the odd-numbered gate line in the display panel; in each row scanning cycle, controlling time-sharing on of switch tubes connected with L-numbered gate control terminals in a multiplex circuit in sequence by L-numbered paths of gating signals, wherein the last active level of the gating signals in each row scanning cycle is connected with the first active level of the gating signals in the adjacent scanning cycle. Besides, the embodiment of the invention also provides the De-mux LCD equipment. The LCD equipment has lower power consumption.

A switch mode power supply in which the switching frequency is controlled by an oscillator having a nominal frequency, and having an error amplifier to provide an output signal which represents departure of the power supply output from a nominal value, and which functions by adjusting the frequency of the oscillator to a frequency which is higher or lower than the nominal frequency according to the value of the error amplifier output signal.

The invention discloses a low-orbit satellite constellation system cell switching method and device based on ephemeris information. The method comprises the steps of enabling a mobile terminal to receive the signal intensity of a service satellite; judging a switching triggering moment, then predicting a subsatellite point position of a low-orbit satellite according to a received satellite ephemeris parameter; calculating a coverage satellite set of the switching triggering moment according to the predicted subsatellite point position; and comparing a mobile terminal with a beam feature pointset of all beams of each satellite in the coverage satellite set to obtain an adjacent cell list. The mobile terminal calculates the visual time of each beam in the neighbor cell list, screens out thebeams of which the visual time is less than a beam visual time threshold, selects the beam with the maximum switching weight in the screened neighbor cell list as a target beam, and finally sends a request of switching to the target beam to a source beam. The method has the characteristics that the beam cell switching reliability is improved; the ping-pong switching probability is reduced; the number of system control signaling is reduced; and the network efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor low inverter power consumption direct torque control method and device. The permanent magnet synchronous motor low inverter power consumption direct torque control method adopts predictive control strategies. Compared with the space-vector-modulation-based direct torque control and the common direct torque control, the permanent magnet synchronous motor low inverter power consumption direct torque control method has the advantages of enabling the integral inverter switching frequency to be the lowest, optimally using a power device and reducing the switching loss of the inverter due to the facts that predicted values of the torque and the stator flux linkage are predicated according to an interior model of a controller based on the given reference values of the torque and the stator flux linkage and a most suitable switching position for the inverter is obtained through a minimization objective function which comprises the flux linkage, the torque and the average switching frequency within the forecast time domain and enabling online computing time to be greatly reduced due to the fact that the control law is fed back through an offline computing state, maintaining good dynamic performance and robustness of the common direct torque control and maintaining the flux and the torque to be within a corresponding hysteresis range.

The invention discloses a modular multilevel converter modulation method based on double queues. The method includes: grouping submodules according to on-off status, and sequentially storing the same in an input queue or a remove queue from low voltage to high voltage; selecting number of the to-be-input or to-be-removed submodules according to bridge arm level variation, bridge arm current direction and maximum voltage deviation of the submodules, performing corresponding input and remove operations the selected submodules, and adjusting the two queues. By the method, only the on-off status of the submodules with the largest number or the smallest number in the two queues needs to be changed, switching frequency is kept low, voltage ordering is not required by all submodules, the queues can be adjusted by simple comparison, times and time of comparison required by ordering are reduced, system response speed is increased, and huge engineering application value is achieved.

A voltage controller and method providing multiple modes of operation. Embodiments include pulse-width modulation (PWM), feed-forward (FF), pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) and skip operation (PWM-FF-PFM / SKIP). Controller embodiments have integrated MOSFET components, comparator hysteresis, oscillator feed-forward, fixed gain, and error amplifier (EA) limits thereby providing improved efficiency and noise immunity.

A power factor correction (PFC) power converter, particularly of a multiphase totem-pole or other topology presenting a switching bridge that can potentially provide bi-directional power transfer control, reduces a nominal switching frequency and achieves zero voltage switching over an increased portion of a half line cycle by providing positive or inverse coupling of inductors in an inductor structure that can be formed of a multi-layer printed circuit board such that at least three different inductances are presented during each half line cycle period; allowing increased switching frequency and simplifying EMI filtering arrangements. Parasitic capacitances can be balanced with additional coupled windings to reduce differential mode and common mode noise. The PFC power converter is particularly applicable to provide bi-directional power control from an on-board battery charger in an electrically powered vehicle.

The invention discloses a balanced control method for full bridge MMC capacitor voltages. The method comprises the following steps: (1) a positive input record database, a negative input record database and an abscission record database are established; (2) a sub-module with a maximum capacitor voltage and a minimum capacitor voltage in the record databases and on bridges arms are found out; (3) according to information such as bridge arm levels, bridge arm currents and the capacitor voltages, sub-modules which need to be subjected to switching are selected through logic judgment; and (4) corresponding switching operation is carried out on the selected sub-modules, and data updating is carried out on the record database. According to the invention, under a condition that the capacitor voltages are maintained to be stable, the switching frequency of the sub-modules can be effectively reduced; losses of a transverter can be reduced; and simultaneously, decrease in the system control frequency and system operation performance deterioration, etc., due to ordering problems are avoided.

The invention discloses a hybrid MMC capacitor voltage balance control method which comprises the following steps that (1) a positive input record library, a negative input record library and a removal record library are built, (2) the maximum voltage deviation value of a sub-module capacitor in a bridge arm is determined, (3) according to the maximum voltage deviation value of the sub-module capacitor in the bridge arm, repeated input operation of the sub-module of the bridge arm is analyzed through judgment logic, and the record libraries are updated, (4) according to the bridge arm level difference before a moment and after the moment, sub-module switching operation is carried out in the bridge arm through a logic judgment and control strategy, and the record libraries are updated. By means of the method, switch frequency of the sub-module is effectively lowered on the situation that capacitor voltage keeps stable, converter loss is reduced, and meanwhile the problem that system operation performance deteriorates due to sequencing problems can be reduced.

A power electronics device with an improved IGBT protection mechanism is provided. More specifically, systems and methods are provided for reducing the switching frequency of an inverter module based on the junction temperature variation of the IGBT.

The invention, which belongs to the power converter control field of the driving motor, relates to a method for controlling neutral point voltage balance of a three level converter, wherein the method is based on a voltage space vector pulse width modulation technology and is used for controlling a neutral point clamped three level inverter. The method comprises the following steps that: step one, an action time distribution factor of a redundant small vector is obtained; step two, an area where control on a neutral point potential balance can be realized by a nearest three vector (NTV) method is obtained; step three, an NTV action area in a mixed voltage space vector pulse width modulation method is obtained; step four, a switching condition of the mixed voltage space vector pulse width modulation method is designed; and step five, the mixed voltage space vector pulse width modulation method with a proportion of pm is realized. According to the invention, a redundant small vector distribution factor is employed to design a switching condition of a mixed voltage space vector pulse width modulation strategy; therefore, an essence of a space vector modulation method is embodied; themethod can be used flexibly and used variables are less, so that it is beneficial for analysis and development application.

A power factor correction converter includes a diode bridge arranged to perform full-wave rectification on an AC input power supply, a switching element arranged to perform switching on an output voltage thereof, an inductor arranged to pass a current interrupted by the switching element and to accumulate and emit excitation energy, a diode, and a smoothing capacitor defining a step-up chopper circuit. A digital signal processing circuit detects a phase of an input voltage, and a switching frequency of the switching element is modulated in accordance with the phase. Accordingly, the switching frequency can be appropriately modulated without depending on an input voltage, so that a wide range of input voltages can be accepted while suppressing EMI noise with a peak generated in the switching frequency and higher-order frequency components thereof.

A DC-DC converter system is provided to improve switching control operation of a battery charging DC-DC converter (3) in an overheat temperature state without necessitating complication of a control unit (4). The control unit (4) performs output voltage limitation as well as output current limitation when the temperature of the DC-DC converter (3) is in an overheat temperature state in the vicinity of its operation stop temperature. With this capability, the output current and the output voltage can be limited, and therefore overheating of a power switching device (32) of the DC-DC converter (3) can be inhibited. In an alternative embodiment the switching frequency of the power switching device (32) is limited.

The invention discloses a low-frequency PWM rectifier and compensation capacitor based wireless charging apparatus. The wireless charging apparatus comprises a rectifying circuit, a filtering voltage-stabilizing capacitor, an inversion power switch, a launching circuit resonant capacitor, a hall current sensor, a launching circuit resonant coil, a receiving circuit resonant coil, a compensation capacitor, a rectifying power switch, a resonant filtering capacitor, a resonant filtering inductor, a load resistor, a high frequency inversion driving circuit, a microprocessor, an analog-digital converter, a hall voltage sensor, a signal detection conditioning circuit and a PWM rectifier driving circuit. According to the wireless charging apparatus, the resonance of the launching circuit and the receiving circuit is realized; the direct current voltage output range of the charging apparatus can be adjusted by the compensation capacitor; meanwhile, the operating frequency and loss of the power switch device are greatly lowered; the operating frequency section of the system is expanded; and the design flexibility of the resonant coil is improved as well.