The invention relates to an active carbon preparing method by adopting walnut shell as raw material and an application of the active carbon. The walnut shell is adopted as the raw material. The active carbon is prepared by adoption of a vacuum pyrolysis method through steps of smashing, drying, charring, puffing for activation, cooling, discharging, sieving, and the like. The obtained active carbon is applied as a microbial fertilizer carrier. The preparing method and the application are advantaged by: short production period, low reaction temperature, low production cost, low energy consumption, no pollution to the environment, and capability of improving the soil granular structure, reducing soil hardening, enhancing the water retention property of the soil, playing a role of nitrogen-fixation controlled release fertilizers, and reducing the using amount of fertilizers and decomposed crop straw when the active carbon is applied as a microbial fertilizer carrier and used in the agriculture.