54results about How to "Minimizing rate" patented technology

An outdoor microwave transceiver intrusion detector that alternately transmits pulses of RF energy at two different frequencies and uses range and direction of travel information derived from the phase of the two Doppler responses to optimize the signal processing and apply range dependent thresholds. The time delay between the onset of the transmitted pulse and the sample of the Doppler response is controlled to provide an accurate range cutoff. The two frequencies are selected so that the difference in phase of the Doppler response at the two frequencies increases from zero to ninety degrees as the target goes from the Transceiver to the maximum range. Digital signal processing is used to measure the difference in phase of the two Doppler responses and translate this information into location of the target. The location information is used to create a number of range bins. The response integration time and the threshold level are optimized for each of the range bins thereby minimizing the number of nuisance alarms.

Compressed Bloom filters that act as a message as well as a data structure provide smaller false positive rates, reduced bits broadcast and/or reduced computational overhead in distributed Web proxy servers and other distributed networks.

A statistical multiplexer for coding and multiplexing multiple channels of digital television data, or multiple panels of HDTV digital television data. A bit rate need parameter is determined for each encoder in a stat mux group, and an encoding bit rate is allocated to each channel based on its need parameter. A transmission bit rate is allocated to each channel as a time-lagged version of its need parameter to minimize a rate mismatch between the output and the input of a decoder buffer. A packet processor checks for impending decoder buffer overflow or underflow events to set minimum and maximum limits on the transmission bit rate. Moreover, these limits are set based on whether a new transmission bit rate can be implemented before the decoding time stamp (DTS) of the current or next frame.

A method is provided for transmitting data during handover of a mobile node in a wireless communication system. Upon receiving a handover request from a particular mobile node, a multicast router creates a multicast tree depending on a multicast address of the mobile node, and transmits data to the mobile node in a multicast mode using the multicast tree.

A system constructs an OSPF-compatible virtual model of a multi-hop, multi-access packet radio network that includes a plurality of routers (120) and which includes its own private, internal routing system (150), in order to facilitate the incorporation of that packet radio network into an overall OSPF routing environment. The system determines a network graph identifying actual connectivity among the plurality of routers (120). The system constructs a virtual model (300) of the, wherein connectivity of the virtual model may be different than the actual connectivity of the network graph. The system represents the multi-hop, multi-access radio network in the virtual model as a set of multi-access links (305, 310), point-to-point links, AS-external routes, and area summary routes. The system employs the virtual model for routing purposes and advertises the virtual model to other OSPF routers for the same purpose.

Materials and processes for the conversion of carbohydrates and polyols to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons. Carbohydrates and polyols are reacted in the presence of modified zeolite catalysts to form a reaction product containing non-aromatic and aromatic gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons.

An integrated radio communication system with ordered hierarchical cellular coverage comprises a first system and a second system, the coverage of the second system covered by the coverage of the first system, and a set of dual-mode terminals that can selectively use the first system or the second system. The first and second systems are configured to simultaneously share a common portion Bc of a first band B1 of frequencies respectively on a first uplink and a second uplink, and respectively manage first transmission resources and corresponding second transmission resources. The second radio communication system of lower level N2 is free to manage its second transmission resources without any coordination constraint with respect to the first system of higher level N1, whereas the first system of higher level is configured to not disturb the second system in the common frequency band portion. The first system is configured to transmit data packets on a first uplink random access contention channel and to manage its first resources optimally in terms of transmission capacity of the channel as a function of the measurement of the occupancy of the second radio resources currently used by the second system and of the first resources currently used by the first system.

A system and method for improved vertical handoff between different types of wireless network. Network allocation vector occupation and packet collision probability are used as quality of service measures, enabling vertical handoffs to be delayed until actually beneficial to quality of service. Improved wireless network cell boundary detection in vertical handoff scenarios is achieved with a Fourier-based technique in conjunction with an adaptively determined minimum operating signal strength threshold. Improved wireless network cell boundary detection enables vertical handoffs from high quality of service networks to be delayed as long as possible. Together, practical wireless network quality of service measures and improved detection of wireless network cell boundaries in vertical handoff scenarios reduce the rate of unnecessary vertical handoff resulting in higher overall quality of service experienced by a mobile computing device roaming between wireless network types.

A method, process and apparatus for improved nuclear imaging. Specifically, the disclosure relates to improving detection of true coincidence events and differentiating them from events detected from scattered and random gamma photons. Embodiments comprise receiving electromagnetic radiation at a plurality of photo detectors that was generated by a scintillating crystal impacted by a gamma photon. Embodiments further comprise processing data received at a subset of the plurality of photo detectors that are closer to a scintillating crystal, thereby improving a timing coincidence window for detecting a coincidence event.

Embodiments include controlled flow rood drains which minimize the size of drainage piping and meet established maximum flow rates by draining built-up water from a flat roof. Embodiments are pre-set by the manufacture in terms of the diameter of the standpipe orifice, which controls maximum flow rate at a predetermined depth of water on the roof, and the height of the standpipe, which determines the depth of water on the roof. Embodiments resist alteration of the flow rate by vandals, tenants, or managers of the building, and are resistant to flow which bypasses the drain control and resistant to plugging by roof debris or snow.

Disclosed herein is a dental rescue implant implanted into an alveolar bone for forming a root of an artificial tooth. The dental rescue implant includes: a wide sectional body part having a sectional diameter of 6.5 mm to 8 mm, greater than a sectional diameter of 6 mm of a typical implant body part, whereby the wide sectional body part can be implanted directly into the corresponding alveolar bone without refilling a damaged part with a bone substitutive material when implant surgery ends in failure; and a wide screw thread formed on the outer periphery of the wide sectional body part, the wide screw thread being formed at 1˜1.75 pitch intervals, whereby the wide sectional body part is implanted into the alveolar bone with relatively small resistance. The implant can be directly implanted into the alveolar bone without refilling a damaged part with a substitutive material even though a molar teeth part is lost or implant surgery ends in a failure by complex factors.

A non-polluting, closed-cycle condensing heat engine and operating method is provided for propelling road vehicles at high efficiencies and high power densities by using a phase-changing working fluid having a critical temperature close to the natural ambient temperature of the surrounding atmosphere and shifting the high temperature heat reservoir downward by several hundred degrees by creating an artificial low temperature heat reservoir below ambient temperature by evaporating water. By isentropically compressing the liquefied working fluid at sub-ambient temperatures to very high pressure utilizing the fact that water has an unusually high latent heat of evaporation, and heating it to a compressed gas at a relatively low temperature in the high temperature heat reservoir by burning small amounts of fuel, it is possible for the engine to operate at high power densities by expanding the compressed gas back to the initial sub-ambient temperature where it is re-condensed to propel road vehicles several hundred miles on a tank of water holding only 40 gallons using a small fraction of the amount of fuel used by vehicles propelled by conventional internal combustion engines.