The present invention discloses a method for simultaneously measuring acetic acid vinyl ester and 6 benzene series substances in water-based adhesive. The method comprises: dispersing samples by using N-N dimethylformamide, quantifying by using double internal standard methods and simultaneously measuring 7 compounds in cigarette water-based adhesive by using a headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer during one sample injection; under adopted chromatographic conditions, chromatographic peaks of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, orthoxylen, m-xylene / p-xylene (m-xylene and p-xylene are not separated due to problems of a chromatographic column, but the calculation results are not influenced), and acetic acid vinyl ester target substance as well as two internal standard substances, namely isobutanol and 2-hexanone, are separated well. Results show that the regression equation correlation coefficient of each component reaches 0.999 or more, the quantitative determination limit of the benzene series substances is 0.01-0.02mg / kg, the quantitative determination limit of acetic acid vinyl ester is 0.10mg / kg, the mean relative standard deviation is 1.15%-3.75%, the adding standard recovery is 88.09%-95.44%; the method is fast, accurate, good in repeatability, high in recovery rate, good in practicability, and the like.