The invention discloses an ecological building with a bamboo structure. The ecological building sequentially comprises a bamboo roof, bamboo transverse beams, bamboo vertical columns, bamboo wall bodies and a foundation from top to bottom. According to the building, the top ends of the bamboo vertical columns adopt diverging design, the bamboo vertical columns are connected with the bamboo transverse beams in a multi-point mode to support the bamboo transverse beams, and the defect that in a current environment-friendly building, typically, beam-column rigid joints are not allowed in wood structure design and bamboo structure design is made up. The ecological building with the bamboo structure has the advantages that light catching is good, heat preservation, energy saving and environmentfriendliness are achieved, and the stability is excellent; in the building process, modular design and manufacture are adopted, the building can be rapidly dismounted and built, the construction efficiency is high, the cost is saved, the ecological building is suitable for serving as a book bar of students in a school and also suitable for serving as a coffee shop, a supermarket and the like withgood landscapes at street corners, reliable ensuing is provided for the energy-saving and environment-friendly building, and the requirements of the various buildings can be met.