The invention discloses a plant retained element experimental apparatus for water quality and water yield three-dimensional simulation control, comprising a rainwater storage tank, a water pump, a water duct, a bracket, a shower nozzle, a porous water distribution plate, a raining hole, micropore clay pipes, an elbow, water content monitoring probes, an experimental soil bin, a water outlet pipe, a sampling bottle, a desk, a plug, a runoff pipe, a suction pipe, a runoff storage groove, a water content monitor, an automatic display screen, a regulating valve and a water content induction line. A lower outlet of the rainwater storage tank is connected with a water inlet of the water pump; the water outlet of the water pump is used for conveying artificial rainwater to the shower nozzle through the water duct, wherein the shower nozzle is connected with the other end of the water pump; the artificial rainwater is uniformly sprayed in the experimental soil bin via the porous water distribution plate; the micropore clay pipe is located at the middle part of the experimental soil bin and connected with the sampling bottle via the suction pipe, and the water outlet pipe is located at the bottom of the experimental soil bin; and the regulating valve arranged on the water content monitor can selectively connect to different water content monitoring probes and simultaneously display data of the water content of the point on the automatic display screen. The experimental apparatus is simple in structure, economic and practical.